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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cellular Respiration
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The proccess by which organisms break down energy rich molecules, to release energy in useable form.
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Anaerobic
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Does not require oxygen, produces 2 ATP
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Aerobic
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Oxygen is present, Produces 36-38 ATP
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Glycolosis
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The break down of glucose in the cytoplasm to produce 2 ATP and a pyruvate.
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The Krebs cycle
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Decompsistion of pyruvate to carbon dioxide in the mitochondrion, 2 ATP are produced.
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Electron Transport Stage
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Series of energy realeasing reactions during cellular respiration in which electrons are transfered by the cytochromes, 34 ATP are produced.
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Mitochondrion
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Organelle, sight of cellular respiration in cells.
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Chloroplasts
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Oragnelle, sight of photosynthesis.
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Lactic Acid
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Bi-product of anaerobic respiration in animal cells.
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Exergonic
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A chemical reaction where energy is realeased.
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Endogonic
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A chemical reaction where energy is consumed.
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ATP
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Energy rich molecules generated in cellular respiration, an immediate source of energy for cells.
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Photosynthesis
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The process of turning light energy into chemical energy.
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Light dependent stage
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Occurs in the grana, the proccess of splitting water.
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Light independent stage, Calvin cycle
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Occurs in the stroma, the production of carbohydrates.
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Grana
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Stacks of membrane sheets called thylakoids, sight of light dependent reaction.
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Stroma
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Semi fluid matrix, site of light independent stage.
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Enzymes
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Proteins that catalyse the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy required.
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Intracellular enzymes
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Exert action inside the cell and control reactions.
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Extracellular enzymes
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Exert action outside the cell.
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Lock and Key mechanism
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The active site is an exact fit for the substrate.
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Induced Fit mechanism
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The interaction between enzyme and substrate causes the shape of the enzyme to change to produce a good fit.
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Enzyme inhbitors
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Attach to the active site to alter or stop enzyme activity.
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Co factors, Co enzymes
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Used to enhance an enzymes activity by altering the active site.
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Catabolic reactions
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The break down of chemical molecules.
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Anabolic reactions
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The formation of chemical molecules.
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Molecular Biology
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The study of biology at a molecular level, looks at understanding the interactions of the various systems of cells.
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