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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is biology?
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the study of life
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What are the branches of biology?
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botany, genetics, ecology, biochemistry, cell biology, evolutionary theory, microbiology, zoology, physiology
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what is scientific method?
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series of steps used to answer specific questions about natural phenomenon
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List 6 steps of scientific method
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observation, questions, hypothesis, controlled experiment, data, and conclusion
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how are hypothesis tested?
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controlled experiments
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what is the difference between independent and dependent variables?
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Dependent- variable being measured
Independent- variable being changed |
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What is the difference between the control group and the experimental group?
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the experimental group is exposed to the experiment and the control group is separated from the independent variable
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what do scientist use to support their ideas?
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evidence
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what is the function of a microscope?
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to view microscopic organisms
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What was discovered with the help of microscopes?
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red blood cells and spermatoza
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list 7 characteristics of life
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composed of cells, different levels of organizations, use energy, grow, reproduce, adapt, respond to environment
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what element is in all living things
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cells
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what is an atom
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smallest particle of matter
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what is the difference between an element and a compound?
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element- contains one or more atoms of the same element
compound- contains one or more of different elements |
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what is all matter composed of
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atoms
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carbs are composed of what
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sugar
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lipids are composed of what
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fatty acids/ glycerol
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proteins are composed of
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amino acids
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nucleic acids are composed of
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nucleotides
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the two types of nucleic acids are
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DNA and RNA
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main source of genetic info in any living thing is
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DNA
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difference between eukaryote and prokaryote cells are
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eukaryotic have a nucleus
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what is the cell theory?
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cells form the fundamental structural and functional units of all living organisms
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what structures are in a plant cell but not an animal
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cell wall
central vacuole chloroplasts |
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who was the first to discover and coin the term cell
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Robert Hooke
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why is the cell membrane important
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controls what goes in and out of the cell
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what is an organelle
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any number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell
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difference between osmosis and diffusion
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osmosis- diffusion of water
diffusion- movement of liquids from high to low concentration |
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difference between active and passive transport
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active- requires energy
passive- requires no energy |
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what does homeostasis have to do with cell membrane
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refers to maintaining a stable internal environment
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what is photosynthesis
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process by which green plants use sunlight to create food from carbon dioxide and water
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what is ATP
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changes energy to food
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difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
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aerobic- molecules broken down in presence of oxygen
anaerobic- molecules in absence of oxygen |
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what is ecology
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study of planet life
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what substances are needed for cellular respiration
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carbon skeletons and ATP
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define biotic and abiotic
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biotic- living factor
abiotic- non living factor |
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scientific name for primary consumer
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herbivore
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list the levels of organization in the biosphere
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biosphere
biome ecosystems community population tissue cells organelles molecules |
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what are the 4 elements needed for life
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hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon, oxygen
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cell wall
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protects the cell
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central vacuole
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sucks up all the waste
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chloroplasts
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makes plants green
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