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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Label |
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uvula |
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pharynx |
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salivary glands |
produce saliva to chemically digest feed |
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soft palate |
functions in closing off the openings to the ears and nose |
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Why don't you swallow food into your lungs |
it is prevented from entering the trachea the epiglottis |
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epi- |
above |
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-glottis |
refers to the opening to the esophagus |
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esophagus |
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peristalsis |
rhythmic contraction of muscles |
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esophagus ends ... |
where it joins the stomach |
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Cardiac sphicter |
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gastric juice |
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stomach |
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Chyme |
term used for food after the stomach digestes it |
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Hydrochloric |
important gastric secretion |
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pepsin |
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what is partially absorbed from the stomach into the bloodstream |
water, alcohol, some medications |
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how is the stomach protected |
inner lining of the stomach is protected by a layer of mucous produced by the stomach itself |
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chyme moves from the stomach into |
first section of the small intestine |
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pyloric sphincter |
between stomach and the small intestine |
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How long does food typically spend in the stomach |
2 to 4 hours |
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small intestine |
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small intestine can be divided into three sections |
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digestion in small intestine |
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where does the enzymes that act chemically on food in the small intestine comes from ... |
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pencreatic duct |
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how long does the digestion of food in the small intestine takes |
3 to 10 hours |
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emulsified |
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Bile |
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bile duct |
carries bile into small intestine |
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how does aborption in the small intestine occur |
by many tiny finger-like projections that line the walls |
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villi |
tiny finger-like projection that line the walls of the small intestine |
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the inner surface of the small intestine is full of ... |
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what molecules are absorbed i from the capillaries in the small intestine |
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where does the food goes after its digested in the small intestine |
large intestine or colon |
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large intestine |
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what are the 3 portions of the large intestine |
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duties of large intestine |
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appendix |
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rectum |
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anus |
opening of the rectum to the outside of the body |
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define peristalsis and how it functions |
involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or another canal, creating wavelike movements that push the contents of the canal forward. |
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what are two types of digestion? |
chemical and mechanical. |
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Where does mechanical digestion occurs |
mouth - chewed stomach - churned and mix small intestine - large lipid molecules are broken down by bile |
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Where does chemical digestion occurs |
mouth - saliva acts on food as chewed stomach - gastric juices act on food small intestine - intestinal and pancreatic juices complete chemical digestion |
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Where are food materials absorbed into the circulatory system? |
in the small intestine
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how is the pancreas involved in the digestion of food in the alimentary canal? |
produces and sends digestive enzymes through the pancreatic duct to the small intestine where they chemically digest food. |
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3 important functions of the large intestine |
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digestive enzymes in the mouth (Type of Enzyme - digestive secretion - Action) |
Amylase - Saliva - begins digestion of starch to maltose |
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digestive enzymes in the stomach (Type of Enzyme - digestive secretion - Action)
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Protease - Gastric Juice - Begins digestion of proteins |
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digestive enzymes in the small intestine (Type of Enzyme - digestive secretion - Action) |
Pancreatic Juice Amylase - Completes digestion of starch to maltose Protease - Continues digestion of proteins Lipase - Completes digestion of lipids to fatty acids and glycerol
Intestinal Juice Protease - Completes digestion of proteins to amino acids Carbohydrase - Completes digestion of carbohydrates to simple sugars |
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What is an enzyme |
biological catalyst (speed up chemical reactions without themselves being altered in the process. |
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5 factors that affect enzyme action |
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function of the liver |
homeostatic function: filters harmful substances out of the blood and converts them to less toxic molecules. (i.e. alcohol) |
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what are the cells in the liver called and what they are sensitive to |
chemoreceptors - monitor the level of a chemical sensitive to glucose level |
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function of the pancreas |
producing insulin if blood glucose level in blood rises producing glucagon if glucose level in blood drop. |