Biology Chapter 14 Practice Questions

Front 1

1. The process by which new species originate?

Back 1

Speciation

Front 2

2. The process by which species cease to exist?

Back 2

Extinction

Front 3

3. Ernst Mayr defined a biological species as?

Back 3

A population or group of populations that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Front 4

4. Biologists divide mechanisms of reproductive isolation into?

Back 4

-Two main groups
-Prezygotic types of isolation and postzygotic types of isolation

Front 5

5.Which of the following is not a type of prezygotic reproductive isolation?

Back 5

Hybrid Infertility

Front 6

6. The type of reproductive isolation in which two populations live in the same habitat but remain isolated from one another due to one being active during the daytime only and the other being active only during the night is?

Back 6

Temporal isolation

Front 7

7.The type of reproductive isolation in which the two populations are separated due to their habitat is?

Back 7

Ecological isolation

Front 8

8. The type of reproductive isolation in which offspring are infertile because their chromosomes cannot align correctly during meiosis because of a different number of chromosomes being inherited from the two parents is?

Back 8

Hybrid Infertility

Front 9

9. The type of reproductive isolation in which two populations are separated due to the sperm cells of one not being able to recognize the egg cells of the other is?

Back 9

Gametic Isolation

Front 10

10. Zebroids, mules and ligers are all?

Back 10

-Incapable of producing fertile offspring
-Hybrids

Front 11

11. The spatial arrangements that may help cause speciation are?

Back 11

Sympatric, parapatric and allopatric

Front 12

12. Agents of allopathic speciation include?

Back 12

Volcanoes
Earthquakes
Glaciers
Floods

Front 13

13. Polyploid means?

Back 13

Having three or more sets of chromosomes

Front 14

14.The idea that evolution proceeds in small, incremental changes over many generations is?

Back 14

Gradualism

Front 15

15. The idea that evolution proceeds with long periods of stasis with relatively brief bursts of fast evolutionary change is?

Back 15

Punctuated Equillibrium

Front 16

16. Extinction of a species may be due to?

Back 16

Human intervention
Introduction of a new predator
A matter of "bad luck"
Loss of habitat

Front 17

17. Centimeter-thin layers of earth that are rich in iridium give evidence to support the:

Back 17

Impact Theory

Front 18

18. The impact of a large meteorite with Earth would have most likely caused mass extinctions by?

Back 18

-Creating large clouds of dust that blocked out sunlight
-Destroying plant life on Earth

Front 19

True/ False
19. A biological species is defined as a population or group of populations whose members can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

Back 19

true

Front 20

20. True/ False
Today scientists can fill in gaps in defining species by DNA sequence analysis.

Back 20

True

Front 21

21. True/ False
Mules are considered to be a distinct species because they produce fertile offspring when mated

Back 21

False

Front 22

22. True/ False
"Missing" transitional forms may not be present in the fossil record because of poor preservation of biological material and simply because scientists have not discovered all there is to discover.

Back 22

True

Front 23

23. True/ False
The speciation that occurred in the islands of the Greater Antilles (Cuba, Puerto Rico, Jamaica and Hispaniola) with lizards called anoles is an example of adaptive radiation.

Back 23

True