Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Nucleus
|
information storage. Contains chromosomes with hereditary information.
|
|
Ribosomes
|
synthesize proteins
NOT organelles made of RNA & proteins |
|
Rough Endoplasmic Recticulum
|
has ribosomes, protein synthesis. Lumen= interior space
|
|
Endomembrane System
|
center for protein and lipid synthesis. includes: rough ER, Golgi apparatus, and smooth ER
|
|
Golgi Apparatus
|
products from rough ER go here. package and transport.
|
|
Cis Face / Trans Face
|
cis face- facing rough ER
trans face- farther side from ER |
|
Smooth ER
|
Lipid synthesis, breaks down hydrophobic toxins
|
|
Peroxisomes
|
contain enzymes
|
|
Pasteur
|
PROVED that cells arise from cells
|
|
Virchow
|
cell theory- all cells come from other cells.
|
|
Hooke
|
first to observe cells
|
|
Leeuwenhoek
|
first to observe single-celled organisms
|
|
Plasma Membrane
|
phosopholipid bilayer
selectively permeable |
|
Prokaryotic Cells
|
unicellular, no nucleus
|
|
Eukaryotic cells
|
multi-cellular, nucleus, membrane bound organelles
|
|
Lysosomes ("vacuoles" in plants)
|
used for digestion and storage
|
|
Mitochondria
|
ATP synthesis, matrix, independent from cell division. They can divide on their own
|
|
Making and Shipping proteins
draw a sketch? |
rough ER > Golgi > transport vesicles. draw a sketch?
|
|
Cytoskeleton
|
web of protein fibers. keep cell shape, used in cell movement, material transport within the cell
|
|
Intermediatee filiaments
|
made up of keratin (hair and fingernails) structural support only.
|
|
Microtubules
|
hollow tubes. cell structure, transport materials, move cell "walking example"
|
|
Myosin
|
causes actin filaments to "slide' along
|
|
Actin filaments
|
actin + myosin = cell movement
inside plasma membrane |
|
Kinesin
|
motor protein. converts chemical energy into mechanical work
|
|
Dynein
|
motor protein. forms arms between microtubule doublets
|
|
Cilia and Flagella
|
9 +2 arrangement of microtubules. used for movement of the cell
|
|
Glycolysis
|
glucose + ATP > pyruvate + NAD (^+) + ATP
occurs in cytosol |
|
Aerobic Respiration
|
glucose + water + oxygen > carbon dioxide + water + "38" ATP
|
|
Krebs / citric acid cycle
|
Acetyl CoA > carbon dioxide + NADH + FADH2 + ATP
occurs in mito. matrix |
|
Electron Transport Chain
|
energy pumps, e- > O2, oxidative phosphorylation
|
|
Anaerobic Respiration
|
glucose + NADH + ATP > lactic acid + ethanol + ATP
|
|
oxidative phosphorylation
|
production of ATP from redox rxns in ETC
|
|
Photosynthesis
|
carbon dioxide + water +light > sugar + water + oxygen
(hig potential energy molecules > low p.e.m.) |
|
3 pathways organic material follows
|
1. portion not digested, passes through and oout
2. some used for body growth, maintenance and repair 3. co2 h2o and other wastes excreted from respiration |
|
chromosomes
|
carriers of hereditary material
|
|
life cycle (draw)
|
(circle) EGG AND SPERM> fertilization> FERTILIZED EGG mitosis> PERSON> meiosis >
|
|
mitosis (draw)
|
Interphase prophase prometaphase metaphase anaphase telophase cytokinesis
|
|
G1
|
growth phase normal
|
|
G2
|
prepare to divide
|
|
S
|
synthesis- DNA replication, sister chromatids
|
|
spindle fibers
|
seen in prophase onwards pull chromosomes
|
|
how do chromosomes move?
|
kinetochores
|