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101 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Biodiversity best includes...? |
Protista, Fungi, Plants, & Animals
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The correct way to write our species name is..? |
Homo sapiens |
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Who arranged organisms into a scale of nature, and first started that organisms change toward the more complex and perfect? |
Aristotle |
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Why is sexual reproduction more important in evolution than asexual reproduction? |
Sexual reproduction increases genetic variation |
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Which of the following ideas is NOT part of Darwin's concept of evolution? |
Traits acquired during an individuals lifetime are past on to offspring |
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***According to Lamarck's hypothesis, giraffes have gained long necks by? |
Parents inheriting their stretched necks to offspring generationally |
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Which process leads to speciation? |
Natural selection |
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Breeds of cats or dogs that we see at homes are a result of? |
Artificial selection |
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Which of the following is NOT a requirement for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in a population? |
Small population size |
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The presence of tapering snout in both South African aardvark and Asian pangolin exemplifies...? |
Convergent evolution (homology) |
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What is the main source of variation in the population that is needed for natural selection? |
Mutation |
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Choose the correct order of taxa from less inclusive to more inclusive? |
Species, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom |
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Domain Eubacteria most likely evolved |
Before archaebacteria |
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Use of homology of traits is the mainstay of the following method/concept/approach to systematics. |
Cladistics |
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What is most likely to happen if both extremes of a polygenic phenotype are disfavored by environmental change? |
Stabilizing Selection |
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Which one is an example of "bottle neck" in population genetics? |
Magnolia population in New Orleans was drastically reduced by Katrina |
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In fossil records, stasis means a time...? |
During which a given species has undergone little or no change |
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***Cladogram is constructed based on the ___ of organisms considered? |
Common ancestry |
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The occurrence of statistically significant number of differences in a given population compared with the parental population(s) is the basis of (definition of) ____species? |
Evolutionary species |
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Which is (implied by) inbreeding depression? |
Success/survival of offspring of two genetically close parents is relatively less |
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***In clams, presence/absence of stripes on the shells is controlled by S/s gene. The 'ss' genotype produces no stripes. In a clam population of Grand Isle beach the frequency of clams with stripes was found to be 0.84. For this trait (stripes), what is the frequency of homozygous dominant clams in the above population? |
** |
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***In the above population, what is the frequency of heterozygous clams? |
** |
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In above population, what is the frequency of "S" allele in the population? |
** |
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What is the main reason for the rapid advancement of the subject of molecular systematics in the past decade or so? |
Advancement in computational power? |
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What are pre-adaptations? |
Structures that evolutionary novelties come from? |
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***Abiotically produced organic polymers are collectively called? |
protobionts |
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What were the first cells, most likely? |
Heterotrophic, anaerobic prokaryotes? |
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***Start of agriculture by humans? |
Likely helped establish towns and cities and provided a more stable food supply |
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***Poor agricultural practices can lead to soil degradation by/through? |
*** |
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Birds are NOT included in the class, Reptilia in? |
Classical/evolutionary systematics |
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***During the evolutionary history of life, animals first appeared in___ era? |
** |
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***According to the endosymbiont theory, invasion of non-photosynthetic prokaryotes into non-photosynthetic prokaryotic hosts must have allowed the evolution of? |
Plants and protists *Mitochondria |
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GENERALLY SPEAKING, humans are ____ other primates |
Not very different from |
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Ability to pass knowledge from one generation to next is specifically known as |
Cultural evolution |
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RNA world hypothesis is based on which of the following? |
RNA was the earliest biological informational molecules |
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***What is correct about the history of primate evolution? |
*** |
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Which one(s) of the following is/are NOT a part of Linnaean Taxonomy? |
Study of evolutionary relationships among taxa |
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A Taxon with ___ is a polyphyletic taxon? |
Many ancestors but fewer descendants |
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In mycorrhiza, the ____ supplies nutrients and water to the ___, while the ____ supplies to the ___? |
Fungus, Plant, Plant, complex food material, fungus |
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Zooplanktons are organisms that are___ and ___ |
Heterotrophic, floating on water |
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Which of the following exemplifies commensalism? |
An organism of sp. A lives in a close association with a member of sp. B in which the first organism is benefited but the latter is neither harmed nor benefited. |
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Chitin and complex carbohydrates make up the cell walls of? |
Fungi |
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Monocots- Eudicots? |
Parallel veins on leaves - ringed vascular bundles in stem |
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A sporophyte nutritionally dependent of the gametophyte is found in? |
Bryophytes |
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Presence of three middle ear bones is a character of the? |
Class, Mammalia |
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If you want NOT to support the inclusion of green algae in the same taxon with plants, which of the following argument will make your case best?Green algae do not have ___ but plants, as a whole/group typically, have them? |
Multicellular gametangia |
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Which one is an acoelomic phylum? |
Platyhelminthes |
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Which one of the following is NOT specific to Chordates? |
Blastospore becoming anus |
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Hookworms belong to the phylum, ____ and the clade, _____ |
Nematoda, Ecdysozoa |
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Earthworm belongs to the class, _____ and the specific clade, _____ |
Oligochaeta, Lophotrochozoa |
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***Which of the following best qualifies to be a project of/in Ecosystem Ecology? An investigation on_____. |
*** |
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Severe competition within a population can cause_____ dispersion pattern |
Uniform |
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****What is true about a country where population growth is projected to decline in the next 2-3 decades? Its age structure diagram has a ____? |
*Wider at top than middle |
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Gastrulation is the _____ that happens in ____. |
Infolding of cells, blastula |
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In a trophic pyramid, 2ry (secondary) consumers occupy the ____trophic level |
Third |
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***People can occupy (belong in) which level(s) of the energy pyramid? |
*** |
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Which one is a shared, derived, deuterostomic character? |
Radial cleavage of embryo |
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What is correct about the growth of a given population? |
Under ideal conditions (non-limiting resources) an exponential growth can happen and In nature populations follow a more logistic pattern curve) |
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Humans typically experience a Type ____ survivorship curve? |
Type I |
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In the aposematic/warning coloration of Batesian mimicry, _____ |
Model is poisonous to predators but the mimic is not |
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In an age structure diagram of a country, typically ____. |
X axis is number of males and females |
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Strictly speaking, which one is NOT a community property for a given area? |
The population dynamic of different fist spp. Measuring less than 10 cm.
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What is correct about the niche in natural habitat(s)? |
Practically speaking, realized niche is the ecological role of a given species |
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Generally speaking, from one trophic level to the next there is about___ % reduction in the amount of energy? |
90% |
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In an energy pyramid, who is most likely to have the highest concentration of hydrophobic industrial pollutant in the body? |
Tertiary consumers |
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***A scientist wanted to determine if H-w equilibrium is achieved in a sp. of zebra fish in southern Louisiana. Most of his work will likely be related to___. |
Population ecology |
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Which biogeochemical cycle lacks an atmospheric component? |
Phosphorus (P) |
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Which biome has the highest NPP per unit area? |
Tropical rainforest |
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Archaeplastids include? |
Rhodophyta, chlorphyta, plantae |
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Paramecium has? |
Oral groove, more than 1 nucleus |
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Choanoflagellates belong to? |
Opisthokonts |
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Septa are____ |
Cell walls between cells on hyphae |
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What is NOT considered a green house gas? |
N2 |
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Chestnut blight is caused by____? |
Ascomycota |
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The new fungal phylum glomeromycota is? |
AVM |
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What is protenoma? |
Young gametophytes of mosses/bryophytes |
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Character displacement exemplifies____. |
Adaptation to competition |
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What happens to most of the energy in the ecosystem during a given time period? |
Lost as heat |
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What process of the Nitrogen cycle least involves bacterial contribution |
Assimilation |
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The rate of incorporation of organic matter into producers is? |
NPP |
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Globally speaking, productive aquatic ecosystem based on NPP? |
Algal beds and reefs |
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***What is correct about global ecosystems? |
*** |
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What is correct about the greenhouse affect? |
It occurs as a greenhouse gas trapping shorter wavelength radiation and something back to earth |
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In a climax community, most of the biomass is found in _____. |
Large trees |
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Which one is NOT part of cell theory? |
Prokaryotes lack nucleus |
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What are the most important environmental factors that govern global NPP? |
Water, sunlight, N |
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What are Emergent Properties of a system? Properties that_____. |
Are more than the sum of the properties of all units of the system |
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A hydrophobic and persistent pollutant/poison released to Mississippi river in Illinois eventually ended up in the estuary and the gulf coast in Louisiana. If the following groups depend on locally derived food, who is most likely to accumulate the poison to harmful levels in the body first? |
People who eat sea animals regularly |
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Biomes are large terrestrial ecosystems generally distinguishable by ___ of that region. |
Climate, soils, vegetation, and animals |
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There are similarities between Alpine Tundra and Arctic Tundra. But they are found in ____ and ___, respectively |
High altitude, high latitude |
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Detritivores can derive energy from _____ trophic level(s) |
All |
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This biodiversity that you completed presented a them that___. |
Biodiversity is the most economically useful current subject of biology |
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All animals are ____ and ____, while most are ____. |
Multicellular, heterotrophic, and motile (able to move) |
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A gametophyte nutritionally dependent on the sporophyte is found in |
Seed plants |
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Truffles belong to the phylum______. |
Ascomycota |
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Which group stores food mainly as starch? |
Chlorophyta |
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Muscles develop from _____. |
Mesoderm |
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***Application of systems biology/science to medicine will make the medical treatments more_____. |
*** |