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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Modern Cell Theory |
All living things are composed of cells |
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Cells |
Are basic unit of structure and function in living things |
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Energy |
Flows within a cell |
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Hereditary Information (DNA) |
Passed on from cell to cell |
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Archaea |
Refers to the microorganism that physically resembles the bacteria |
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Archaea |
Regarded to be living fossils and survivors of an ancient grouo of organism that bridged the gap in evolution between eubacteria and eukaryotes |
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Bacteria |
Makws uo of one domains of life |
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Bacteria |
Often found in tissue od other organism, soils, or water surfaces |
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Bacteria |
Term that has been associated with many negative functions in life such as human disease. |
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Eukarya or Eukaryotic cells |
Cells that contain nucleaus and organelles enclosed by plasma membrane |
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Protozoa Fungi Plants Animals |
Organisms that have eukaryotic cells |
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Carbohydrates |
Most abundant organic compound found in plant world |
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Carbohydrates |
Act as storehouses of chemical energy |
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Hydrates of carbon Cn (H2O)m |
What does carbohydrates mean and its formula |
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C6H12O6 or C6(H2O) 6 |
Glucose formula |
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Two glucose: C12H22O11 or C12(H2O) 11 |
Sucrose |
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Carbohydrates /carbs |
Are sugar molecules |
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Carbohydrates Protein Fats |
Three main nutrients found in foods and drinks |
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Glucose |
Body breaks down carbohydrates into what? |
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Glucose (blood sugar) |
Is the main source of energy for your body cells, tissue and organs |
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Liver and muscle |
Glucose is stored in? |
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Sugar |
Called simple carbohydrates because they are the most basic form |
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Starches |
Complex carbohydrates which are made of lots of simple sugar string together |
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Fiber |
Complex carbohydrates that cannot be broken down by the body |
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Stomach or intestinal problems such as constipation |
Fiber diet helps prevent what |
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Monosaccharide Oligosaccharide Polysaccharide |
3 classification of carbohydrates |
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CnH2n0n |
Monosaccharide formula |
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Monosaccharide |
Which one of the carbonyl grouo of either and aldehyde or ketone |
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3 to 9 |
How many cabron atoms does a common monosaccharide have |
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Aldoses |
Aldehyde monosaccharide |
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Ketoses |
Ketone monosaccharide |
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Glucose |
Found in fruits and veggies. Commonly found also in syrup, candy, honey, sports drink and dessert |
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Fructose (fruit sugar) |
Primary source is fruit |
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Galactose |
Main dietary source is lactose. Sugar in dairy products |
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Colorless, crystalline solid Soluble in water Slightly soluble in ethanol and in soluble in non polar solvents |
Properties of Monosaccharide |
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Diethylether Dichloromethane Benzene |
Non polar solvent |
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Disaccharides |
Consist of two sugar molecules or two monosaccharide bonded together |
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Glycosidic bond |
Joined monosaccharide to form disaccharide |
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Sucrose (galactose+ fructose) |
Most often called table sugar. Natural sweetener derived from sugar cane or beer. |
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Lactose (glucose + galactose) |
Also known as milk sugar |
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Maltose (glucose + glucose) |
Found in malt beverages |
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Sucrose Lactose Maltose |
Three kinds of disaccharides |
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Glycogenesis |
Process where your liver creates glycogen chain up to hundreds of thousands of glucose moleculelong connected through chemical bonds |
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Oligosaccharide |
Is a saccharide polymers containing a small number (6-10) monosaccharide |
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Oligosaccharide |
Have many functions including cell recognition and cell binding |
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Glycolipids |
Oligosaccharide that has important role in immune response |
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Polysaccharide |
A large number of molecule made of many smaller monosaccharide |
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Polysaccharide |
A large number of molecule made of many smaller monosaccharide |
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Glycans |
Other called ofor polysaccharide |
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Homopolysaccharide |
Polysaccharide where all monosaccharide are the same |
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Heteropolysaccharide |
Polysaccharide in which monosaccharide varies |
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Linear polysaccharide |
A molecule with a straight vhain of Monosaccharide |
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Branched polysaccharide |
Chain of Monosaccharide that has arms |
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Strach Glycogen Cellulose |
3 polysaccharide |
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Starch |
Used for energy storage in plants. |
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Amylose Amylopectin |
Two principal polysaccharide of starch |
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Glycogen |
Acts as energy reserve carbohydrates for animals |
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350 gramd |
Total amount if glycogen in human body |
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Cellulose |
Most widely distributed plant skeletal polysaccharide, constitute almost half of the cell wall material of wood |
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Cottom |
Pure cellulose |