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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Biology |
Is the study of life |
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Zoology |
Is the study of animals |
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Evolution |
Change in genetic makup of population over time |
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Ecology |
Is the study of relationships between organisms and environment |
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Ichthyology |
Is the study of fish |
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Hepatology |
Is the study of reptiles and amphibians |
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Mammalogy |
Is the study of mammals |
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Binomial nomenclature |
Genus and species name for every living organism |
Animal classification |
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Who developed the current classification scheme? |
Karl von Linne (Linnaeus) |
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What are the 8 animal classification? |
Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species |
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Cells |
Are the basic unit of life |
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Prokaryotic cells |
Small, simple (bacteria and archaea) |
Non-membrane |
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Eukaryotic cells |
Larger, more complex (plants, animals, protists, and fungi) |
Membrane |
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Asexual reproduction |
Produces a new organism without union of gametes (sperm and eggs) |
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Sexual reproduction |
Combines genes from two parents |
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External fertilization |
Broadcast spawning |
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Internal fertilization |
Requires reproductive structures to transfer sperm |
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What is the differences between asexual and sexual repro? (Advantages /Disadvantages) |
Asexual advantages- no genetic variation, many offspring, one parent. Asexual disadvantages- lack of veriation, must rely on mutation. Sexual advantages- diversity, no mutations. Sexual disadvantages- 2 parents, not exact copy, not all gametes are used |
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What are the 4 basic methods of asexual reproduction? |
1) Fission- division of cell into 2 parts. Common in protozoa (single cell) 2) Budding- cells grow and brake off parents. May remained attached, forming colony 3) Fragmentation- lost body part regenerates into new organism 4) Parthenogenesis- reproduce without sperm (bees,wasp,ants) |
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Hermaphroditism |
Has both male and female reproductive system |
Sexual repo |
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Sequential hermaphroditism |
Starts as one sex then switches. Protogynous- female then male Protandrous- male then female |
Sexual repro |
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Viviparous |
Gives live birth |
Repro |
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Oviparous |
Lay eggs |
Repro |
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Ovoviviparous |
Form eggs that hatch inside female |
Repro |
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Monotremes |
Mammals that lay eggs |
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Embryology |
Study of animal development from fertilized egg to formation of major organ system |
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Fertilization |
Fusion of sperm and egg (zygote) |
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Primary germ layers |
Embryonic cells occur in layers or blocks. These evenually differentiate into tissues and/or organs |
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Ectoderm |
Outer body wall |
Cell |
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Endoderm |
Inner lining of digestive cavity |
Cell |
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Mesoderm |
Tissue in between |
Cell |
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Cleavage |
Division of the egg |
Cell |
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Blastula |
Embryo becomes hollow sphere |
Cell |
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Gastrula |
Cells migrate inward (blastopore) |
Cell |
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Organic evolution |
Descent with modification. Population changes over time |
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Adaptaion |
Any trait that makes survival and repro more likely |
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Analogous structure |
Are similar to each other due to convergent evolution |
Sugar glider vs flying squirrel |
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Homologous structure |
Are similar to each other due to common ancestry (same species) |
Evolution |
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Hardy-Weinberg therom describes a population that is not evolving must have? |
Large size, no migration, no mutations, random mating,no natural selection |
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Why speciation requires reproductive isolation? |
1)Allopatric speciation- barriers split species into 3 diff groups 2)Parapatric speciation- no barriers but groups seperat by species 3)Sympatric speciation- no barriers but only mate with same type |
Fish lake example (3 types) |
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3 types of natural selection |
1)Directional selection - small-big 2)Disruptive selection -big/small 3)Stabilizing selection - mid |
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2 types of protist |
1)Plant-like photosynthesis, algae,ect. 2)Animal-like consumers |
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4 Different types of locomotion? |
1)Flagellates- has tail 2)Ciliates- short hair-like flagella 3)Amoeba- blob (oozes) 4)Apicomplexans- stationary protozoa |
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4 groups of protozoas |
Excavata, Amoebozoa, Rhizaria, and Chromalveolata |
E,A,R,C |
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What is a red tide? Super group chromalveolata |
A bloom that reproduces at a fast rate that release toxin |
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