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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is the four stages of breathing |
breathing external respiration internal respiration cellular respiration |
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define breathing |
movement of air in and out of the lungs |
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define external respiration |
exchange of oxygen and CO2 in the lungs |
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define internal respiration |
exchange of oxygen and CO2 in the blood and tissues |
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define cellular respration |
oxidation of glucose for energy |
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define nasal passage |
warms, moistens and filters air |
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define pharynx |
connects nasal passageway to larynx and is filled with mucus |
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define larynx |
composed of 2 thin sheets of elastic ligaments and is also filled with musucs connects to the trachea |
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define epiglotis |
epiglottis is the flap at the top of the trachea and bottom of the larynx |
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define trachea |
extends from the larynx to the chest cavity and carries air to the bronchi |
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define bronchi |
branches into 2 routs separating air to each lung |
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define bronchioles |
small bronchi that transfer air inside the lungs, they also increase SA/V ratio |
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define alveoli |
site of gas exchange at the end of bronchioles |
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define lungs |
right lung has 3 lobes and left has 2 lobes conatins cilia and mucus |
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what is the order air travels in respiratory track |
nose -> nasla cavity -> pharynx -> larynx -> trachea -> bronchi -> bronchioles -> alveoli -> lung capillaries |
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define tidal volume |
amount of air moved in normal breathing at rest |
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define expiratory reserve volume |
extra air used during deep breathing |
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define inspiratory reserve volume |
extra available air used during exercise |
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define residual volume |
volume of gas remaining in kings after maximum expiration |
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define vital capacity |
expiratory and inspiratory reserve and tidal volume |
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define lung capacity |
exiratory and inspiratory reserve tidal volume residual volume |
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how is gas exchanged in the lung externally |
through the alveoli and capillaries through diffusion |
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how is gas exchanged in the lung internally |
within tissues CO2 and O2 are exchanged |
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how are CO2 and O2 transferred in the blood |
hemoglobin allows red blood cells to carry O2 more efficiently |
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what is the majority of CO2 found in the form of |
bicarbonate |
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what affect can smoking have on your respiratory system |
kills cilia tar from cigarettes can coat lungs and bronchi making them very stiff |
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define emphysema |
loss of elasticity of the alveoli |
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define inhalation |
air enters the lungs when ribs move up and out and diaphragm contracts |
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define exhalation |
air is pushed out when rib cage moves down and in and diaphragm relaxes and moves up |
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describe external respiration |
occurs between alveoli and capillaries, blood moves out of them being rich in CO2, as it moves through lung capillaries it collects O2 and CO2 diffuses out of the blood |
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describe internal respiration |
occurs between the capillaries and body tissues, oxygen diffuses from blood to tissues in need of oxygen and CO2 diffuses from tissues into the blood. |
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define diaphragm |
separates the lung region from the region of the stomach and liver its a muscle that contracts and relaxes with breathing |