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194 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
system that processes sensory information
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nervous system
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system that delivers nutrients to body tissues
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cardiovascular system
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system that breaks down and absorbs food
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digestive system
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system that includes the fingernails
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integumentary system
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system that includes the bladder
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urinary system
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system that includes the joints
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skeletal system
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system that delivers oxygen to the blood
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respiratory system
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system that includes the tonsils
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lymphatic system
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all life-sustaining reactions that occur within the body
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metabolism
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term that indicates a location toward the front
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anterior
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term that means farther from the origin of a part
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distal
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directional term that means away from the midline (toward the side)
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lateral
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term that means nearer to the sacral (lowermost) region of the spinal cord
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caudal
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term that describes the position of the shoulder blades in the relation to the collar bones
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posterior
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prefix meaning one hundredth
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centi-
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basic unit of length
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meter
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prefix meaning one millionth
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micro-
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basic unit of weight
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gram
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prefix meaning one thousand
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milli-
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word part
-tomy |
to cut
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word part
-stasis |
staying
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word part
physi/o |
nature, physical
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word part
homeo- |
same
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word part
dis- |
apart, away from
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word part
cata- |
down
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word part
ana- |
upward
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word part
path- |
disease
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word part
-logy |
study of
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the coronal plane is also called?
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frontal plane
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the diaphragm separates which cavities?
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the thoracic and abdominal cavities
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breakdown of complex molecules into more simple ones
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catabolism
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lymph is an example of what type of fluid
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extracellular
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heart and the blood vessels compose what system?
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circulatory system
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navel is found in what region?
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umbilical region
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study of normal body function
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physiology
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penny-shaped slice of of a banana is probably which type of section?
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cross section
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in the anatomic position, the body is upright and palms are faceing?
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forward
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fluid inside cells
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interstitial
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catabolism releases energy in the form of?
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ATP
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negative feedback is a mechanism for maintaining an internal state of balance known as ?
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homeostastis
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the sum of all catabolic and anabolic reactions in the body
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metabolism
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the process of childbirth in an example of a type of feedback
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positive feedback
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the term that means nearer to the head
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superior
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the space enclosing the brain and spinal cord forms a continuous cavity is called?
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dorsal cavity
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the abdomen may be divided into four regions each of which is called a
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quadrant
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the cavity that houses the bladder is abdominopelvic cavity
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abdominopelvic cavity
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the ventral body cavity that contains the stomach, most of the intestine, the liver, and the spleen is ?
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abdominal cavity
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abdomen may be subdivided into nine regions, including three along the midline. the region closest to the sternum is?
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epigastric region
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space between the lungs is called?
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mediastinum
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the diaphragm separates the abdominopelvic cavity from ?
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thoracic cavity
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positively charged particle inside the atomic nucleus
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proton
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the smallest complete unit of matter
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atom
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an uncharged particle inside the atomic nucleus
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neutron
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a substance composed of one type of atom
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element
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part of the atom containing protons and neutrons
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nucleus
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a negatively charged particle outside the atomic nucleus
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electron
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substance that is dissolved in another substance
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solvent
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mixture in which substances will settle out unless the mixture is shaken
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suspension
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term used to describe a solution mostly formed of water
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aqueous
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cytoplasm and blood plasma are examples of this type of mixture
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mixture
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any combination of two or more substances in which each constituent maintains its identity
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colloid
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negatively charged ions
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anion
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a bond formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms
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covalent
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compounds that form ions when in solution
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electrolytes
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positively charged ions
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cations
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a bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another
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ionic
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word part
-phobia |
to fear
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word part
phil |
to like, attachment to
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word part
glyc/o |
sugar
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word part
heter/o |
different
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word part
hydr/o |
water
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word part
hom/o |
same
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word part
poly- |
many
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word part
aqu/e |
water
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word part
sacchar/o |
sugar
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word part
co- |
together
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the element that is the basic for organic chemistry
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carbon
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the smallest particle of an element that has all the properties of that element is an ?
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atom
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if an electron is added to an atom it becomes a type of charged particle known as?
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anion
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electrons are arranged around the nucleus in specific orbit
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energy levels
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a pH of seven is said to be
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neutral
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building block for sugars are
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monosaccharides
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covalent bonds are
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polar or nonpolar
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salt completely dissolved in water is an example of an
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aqueous solution
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a fat can also be called a
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lipid
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the most abundant element by mass in the human body?
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hydrogen
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an isotope that disintegrates, giving off rays of atomic particles is said to be ?
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radioactive
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the number of electrons lost or gained by an atom in a chemical reaction
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valence
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water can dissolve many different things. For this reason it is called a ______________ _________.
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universal solvent
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sugar water is a mixture in which one substance is dissolved in another and remains evenly distributed - this is an example of what kind of mixture?
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SUSPENSION
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microscope that provides a three-dimensional view of an object
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scanning electron microscope
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the most common microscope, which magnifies an object up to 1,000 times
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compound light microscope
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a microscope that magnifies an object up to one million times
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transmission electron microscope
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structure that assembles ribosomes
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nucleolus
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structure that assembles amino aacids into proteins
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ribosomes
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set of membranes involved in packaging proteins for export
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golgi apparatus
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small saclike structure used to transport substances within the cell
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vesicle
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membraneous organelle that generates ATP
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mitochondrion
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small saclike structure that degrades waste products
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lysosomes
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site of DNA storage
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nucleus
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process by which one cell divides into two identical daughter cells
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mitosis
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nuclear membrane reforms during this phase
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telophase
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centrioles begin to form and chromosomes condense during this phase
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prophase
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the phase of mitosis when chromosomes are aligned in the middle of the cell
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metaphase
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DNA synthesis occurs during this phase
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intraphase
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the chromosomes are being pulled apart in this phase
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anaphase
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process that utilized a carrier to move materials across the plasma membrane against the concentration gradient using ATP
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active transport
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process that utilizes a carrier to move materials across the plasma membrane in the direction of the concentration gradient
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facilitated diffusion
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special form of diffusion that applies only to water
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osmosis
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spread of molecules throughout an area
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diffusion
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small fluid droplets are brought into the cell using this method
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pinocytosis
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word part
phag/o |
to eat/ingest
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word part
pino- |
to drink
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word part
-some |
body
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lys/o
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loosening/dissolving
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word part
cyt/o |
cell
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word part
hyper- |
above, over, excessive
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word part
hem/o |
blood
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word part
iso- |
same, equal
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word part
hypo- |
below/deficient
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word part
end/o |
in, within
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a group of cells similar in structure and function
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tissue
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term that describes flat, irregular epithelial cells
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squamous
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a term that means "in layers"
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stratified
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term that describes long and narrow epithelial cells
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columnar
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term that describes square epithelial cells
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cuboidal
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cells arranged in a single layer
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simple
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the thigh muscle is an example of?
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voluntary muscle
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tissue that forms when cartilage gradually becomes impregnated with calcium salts
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bone
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the thick, muscular layer of the heart wall
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myocardium
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a type of tissue found in membranes and glands
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epithelial tissue
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visceral muscle is also known as
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smooth muscle
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a cell that carries nerve impulses is called
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neuron
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a tissue in which cells are separated by large amounts of acellular material called matrix
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connective tissue
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a cord of connective tissue that connects a muscle to a bone
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tendon
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a tough membranous connective tissue that encloses an organ
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capsule
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the cartilage found between the bones of the spine
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fibrocartilage
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a fiber found in most connective tissues
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collagen
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a cell that synthesizes cartilage
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chondrocyte
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a strong, gristly cartilage that makes up the trachea
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hyaline cartilage
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an epithelial membrane that lines a body cavity or covers an internal organ
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serous membrane
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epithelial membrane also known as the skin
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cutaneous membrane
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membrane that lines a space open to the outside of the body
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mucous membrane
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portion of a serous membrane attached to an organ
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visceral layer
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portion of a serous membrane attached to the body wall
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peritoneum
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epithelial portion of serous membrane
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mesothelium
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serous membrane covering the heart
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serous pericardium
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sheet of tissue that underlies the skin
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superficial fascia
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connective tissue membrane that lines joint cavities
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synovial membrane
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tough membrane composed entirely of connective tissue that serves to anchor and support an organ or to cover a muscle
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deep fascia
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a layer of fibrous connective tissue around a bone
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periosteum
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membrane that covers cartilage
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perichondrium
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term for a tumor that does not spread
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benign
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term for a tumor that spread to other tissues
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malignant
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general term for a tumor composed of blood or lymphatic vessels
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angioma
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benign connective tissue tumor that originates in a bone
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osteoma
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benign epithelial tumor that originates in a gland
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adenoma
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malignant tumor originating in connective tissue
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sarcoma
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tumor that originates in cartilage
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chondroma
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small skin tumor that may become malignant
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nevus
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6 symptoms of cancer
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constint indigestion
sore that won't heal frequent/unusual bleeding & discharge change in size & color of mole chronic pain cough or hoarseness |
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mammography is an example of what technique
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radiography
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use of magnetic fields and radio waves to diagnose soft tissue cancers
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MRI
magnetic resonance imaging |
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technique using high-frequency sound waves
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ultrasound
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removal of living tissue for microscopic examination
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biopsy
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technique that diagnoses tumors based on their abnormally high activity levels
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Positron emission tomography
(PET) |
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USE OF MANY X-RAYS TO PRODUCE A CROSS-SECTIONAL IMAGE OF BODY PARTS
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COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
(CT) |
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word parts
chondro |
cartilage
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word parts
-itis |
inflammation
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word parts
arthr/o |
joint
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word parts
-oma |
tumor, swelling
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word parts
osse/o |
bone, bone tissue
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word parts
-blast |
immature cell
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word parts
peri- |
around
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word parts
my/o |
muscle
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word parts
pseud/o |
false
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word parts
hist/o |
cell
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word parts
neo- |
new
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word parts
angi/o |
vessel
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word parts
pleur/o |
side,rib
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word parts
leuk/o |
white
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word parts
neur/o |
nerve
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proper scientific name for a nerve cell
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neuron
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mucus is secreted from?
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goblet cells
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carilage is produced by?
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chondrocytes
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tough connective tissue membrane that covers most parts of all bones
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periosteum
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tumor that originates from the support tissue of the central nervous system
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glioma
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tumor that originates in the epithelium is a ?
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carcinoma
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secretion that traps dust and other inhaled foreign particles?
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mucus
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cells that form bone
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osteoblasts
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the axons of some neurons have an insulating coating of?
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myaline
|
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the study of tissues
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histology
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epithelial membrane that lines the walls of the abdominal cavity
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parietal cavity
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mucous membrane can also be called?
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mucosa
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