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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sensory (afferent) neurons |
transmit sensory information from receptors to CNS |
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Motor (efferent) neurons |
transmit motor information from CNS to muscles and glands |
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CNS (central nervous system) |
brain and spinal cord (olfactory and optic nerves) |
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PNS (peripheral nervous system) |
nerve tissue and fibers outside CNS |
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Somatic Nervous System |
sensory and motor neurons in skin, joints, muscles |
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Autonomic Nervous System |
controls automatic body processes |
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parasympathetic nervous system |
conserve energy; resting and sleeping states |
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sympathetic nervous system |
stress; fight-or-flight |
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meninges |
thick sheath of connective tissue protecting the brain |
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dura mater |
outermost layer of meninges |
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arachnoid mater |
middle layer of meninges |
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pia mater |
innermost layer of meninges |
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hindbrain |
balance, motor coordination, breathing, digestion |
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rhombencephalon |
hindbrain |
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myelencephalon |
during embryonic development, becomes medulla oblongata |
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metencephalon |
during embryonic development, becomes pons and cerebellum |
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pons |
sensory and motor pathways between cortex and medulla |
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cerebellum |
posture, balance, coordination |
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midbrain |
receives sensory and motor information |
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mesencephalon |
midbrain |
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superior colliculus |
in midbrain, receives visual sensory input |
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inferior colliculus |
in midbrain, receives auditory sensory input (reflex to sudden noises) |
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forebrain |
complex perceptual, cognitive, behavioural processes, emotion and memory |
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prosencephalon |
forebrain |
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telencephalon |
during embryonic development, becomes cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, limbic system |
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diencephalon |
during embryonic development, forms thalamus, hypothalamus, posterior pituitary, pineal gland |
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basal ganglia |
smooth movement |
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cerebellum |
coordinated movement |
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cerebral cortex |
complex perceptual, cognitive, and behavioural processes |
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hypothalamus |
hunger and thirst; emotion |
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inferior and superior colliculi |
sensorimotor reflexes |
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limbic system |
emotion and memory |
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medulla oblongata |
vital functioning (breathing, digestion) |
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reticular formation |
arousal and alertness |
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thalamus |
sensory relay station |
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frontal lobe |
executive function, impulse control, long-term planning, motor function, speech production |
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prefrontal cortex |
long-term planning |
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primary motor cortex |
motor function |
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broca's area |
speech production |
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parietal lobe |
sensation of touch, pressure, temperature, pain; spatial processing, orientation, manipulation |
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somatosensory cortex |
sensation of touch, pressure, temperature, pain |
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occipital lobe |
visual processing |
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temporal lobe |
sound processing, speech perception, memory, emotion |
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auditory cortex |
sound processing |
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wernicke's area |
speech perception |
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visual system, dominant hemisphere |
letters, words |
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visual system, nondominant hemisphere |
faces |
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auditory system, dominant hemisphere |
language-related sounds |
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auditory system, nondominant hemisphere |
music |
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language, dominant hemisphere |
speech, reading, writing, arithmetic |
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language, nondominant hemisphere |
emotions |
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movement, dominant hemisphere |
complex voluntary movement |
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movement, nondominant hemisphere |
- |
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spatial processes, dominant hemisphere |
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spatial processes, nondominant hemisphere |
geometry, sense of direction |
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cerebellum |
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cerebral cortex |
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corpus callosum |
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frontal lobe |
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hippocampus |
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hypothalamus |
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medulla |
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midbrain |
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occipital lobe |
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parietal lobe |
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pituitary |
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pons |
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primary motor cortex |
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primary somatosensory cortex |
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spinal cord |
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temporal lobe |
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thalamus |
