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138 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
accelerando (accel.)
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gradually growing faster
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accidental
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chromatic alteration of a note from the key signature until the next bar line (can be extended by a tie)
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ad libitum (ad lib) or
a placere |
at pleasure, at will
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a due (a 2)
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for two parts
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affetuoso
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tenderly, with feeling
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alla breve (⊄)
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2/2 time, cut time
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allargando
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getting slower and louder
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amoroso
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with love, with warm feeling
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animato
con anima |
lively, animated, spirited
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appassionato
passione |
passionate, fervent
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assai
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much, very
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a tempo
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return to the original tempo
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attacca
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continue without a pause
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bravura
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great technical skill, virtuosity
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brillante
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sparkling, spirited
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cadenza
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a brilliant (often highly technical) solo, often found at the end of a movement or a peice
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cadence
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the close of a melodic or harmonic phrase
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calmando
calmato |
quieting down, subsiding
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cantando
cantabile |
in a singing style, lyrical
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capriccioso
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fanciful, freely
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coda
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a concluding passage added to the form proper
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con
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with
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con brio
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vigorously, with fire
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con forza
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powerful, loud
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con fuoco
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with fire, passionately
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con sordino
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with mute
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con spirito
spiritoso |
spirited, lively
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crescendo
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becoming louder
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da capo (D.C.)
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from the beginning
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dal segno (D.S.)
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from the sign
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decrescendo (decresc.)
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becoming softer
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diatonic
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scalewise
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diminuendo (dim.)
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becoming softer
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divisi
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divided parts where there is normally one
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dolce
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sweet, gentle
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doppio movimento
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twice as fast
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double flat
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lower by one full step
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double sharp
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raise by one full step
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dynamics
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the level of loudness
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pianississimo (ppp)
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very very soft
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pianissimo (pp)
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very soft
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piano (p)
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soft
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mezzo piano (mp)
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medium soft
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mezzo forte (mf)
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medium loud
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forte (f)
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loud
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fortissimo (ff)
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very loud
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fortississimo (fff)
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very very loud
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e
ed et |
and
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enharmonic
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a different spelling of the same pitch or chord
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espressivo
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with feeling, with expression
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etude
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a study or excersize focusing on a particular musical or technical problem
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fermata
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a pause or hold
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finale
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the last movement of a multi-movement peice
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fine
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the end
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forzando
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a strong accent
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giocoso
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humorous, playful
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giusto
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exact, appropriate
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glissando
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a glide from one note to the next
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grazioso
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graceful
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interval
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pitch difference between two notes
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key signature
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sharps or flats placed at the beginning of a selection indicating its key
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largemente
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broadly
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legato
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smooth, even, without breaks between notes
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l'istesso tempo
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at the same tempo
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loco
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return to normal posistion
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maestoso
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with dignity
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marcato
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accented, stressed
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marcia
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march
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meno
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less
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molto
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much, very
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morendo
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fading away
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mosso
moto |
moved, motion
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non
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no, do not
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nuance
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subtle shading in style
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ossia
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an alternative version
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pesante
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weighty, ponderous
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piu
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more
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pochissimo
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as little as possible
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poco a poco
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little by little
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pomposo
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stately, majestic
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quasi
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almost, as if
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rallentando (rall.)
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becoming slower
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ritardando (ritard. or rit.)
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becoming slower
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ritenuto (riten.)
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immediately slower
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rinforzando (rfz.)
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a sudden accent
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rubato
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free use of accel. and rit. within a measure without altering the duration of the measure as a whole
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sans or senza
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without
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scherzando
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playfully
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segue
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continue without pausing
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sempre
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always, throughout
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simile
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in the same manner
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soli
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a section solo, a group of soloists
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solo
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a part for one performer
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sonore
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resounding, loud
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sordino
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mute
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sostenuto (sost.)
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sustained
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stacatto
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detached
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subito (sub.)
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suddenly, at once
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tacet
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be silent
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tempo
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rate of speed
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grave
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solemn and very, very slow
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largo
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very slow
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adagio
lento larghetto |
slow
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andante
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moderately slow
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andantino
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slightly faster than andante
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moderato
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moderate, neither fast nor slow
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allegretto
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moderately fast
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allegro
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fast and lively
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vivo
vivace |
very fast and intense
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presto
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the fastest conventional tempo
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prestissimo
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as fast as possible
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tenuto (ten.)
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held, sustained
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timbre
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tone color
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tranquillo
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quiet, peaceful
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trill (tr.)
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a rapid alternation between the written note and the diatonic second above it
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troppo
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too much
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tutti
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all, with all performers
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un
una uno |
one
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unison
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together on the same part or in octaves
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major scales
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are diatonic scales with half-steps between 3-4 and 5-6
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Natural Minor Scales
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lower the third lower the 6th
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Harmonic Minor Scales
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lower the third lower the 6th raise 7th
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Melodic Minor Scales
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lower third & raise 6th & 7th going up, on way down natural minor
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no sharps or flats
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C major and a minor
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one flats
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F major and d minor
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two flats
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B flat major and g minor
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three flats
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E flat major and c minor
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four flats
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A flat major and f minor
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five flats
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D flat major and b flat minor
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six flats
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G flat major and e flat minor
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seven flats
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C flat major and a flat minor
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one sharp
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G major and e minor
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two sharps
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D major and b minor
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three sharps
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A major and f sharp minor
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four sharps
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E major and c sharp minor
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five sharps
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B major and g sharp minor
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six sharps
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F sharp major and d sharp minor
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seven sharps
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C sharp major and a sharp minor
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