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81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the ssx of a staph skin lesion? |
1. Honey-colored crust 2. Pustules, furuncles, erosions 3. Osler node 4. Janeway lesion |
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1. Osler node |
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Janeway lesion |
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What are the risk factors for MRSA? |
1. Age >65 2. Exposure to MRSA 3. Recent abx use 4. Recent hospitalization |
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How do you tx suspected MRSA? |
1. Clindamycin 2. Bactrim 3. Linezolid 4. Vancomycin |
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What is the use of mupirocin in the tx of MRSA? |
1. Colonized patients of anterior nares with MRSA or localized impetigo |
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What is the virulence factor of MRSA? |
1. PVL |
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What are the ssx of impetigo contagiosa? |
1. 2mm erythematous papule develops into vesicles and bullae 2. Straw colored seropurulent discharge dries to form yellow crust |
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What are the MCC of impetigo contagiosa? |
1. S. aureus 2. S. pyogenes |
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How do you tx impetigo contagiosa? |
1. Dicloxacillin or 1st gen cephalosporin + mupirocin 2. 7-10d |
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What are the ssx of bullous impetigo in kids (systemic)? |
1. Hypo/hyperthermia 2. Weakness 3. Diarrhea, pneumonia, meningitis, death |
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What disease has bullous impetigo as an early manifestation? |
1. HIV |
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What are the ssx of bullous impetigo? |
1. Large, fragile bullae 2. Rupture leave circinate weepy crusted lesion |
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What are the ssx of Staph SSS? |
1. Febrile 2. Rapidly evolving desquamation of skin 3. Positive nikolsky |
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What is the MCC of SSS? |
1. S. aureus at mucosal surface, NOT IN LESIONS |
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What antibody is involved in SSS? |
1. Desmoglein 1 |
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What will a bx show in SSS? |
1. Subcorneal blister with rare inflammatory cells |
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How do you tx SSS? |
1. Cloxacillin/oxacillin 2. Allergic^^: aminoglycosides 3. Supportive: fluid and 'lyte replacement |
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How do you separate TEN from SSS? |
1. TEN: drug-induced, in adults, DE separation 2. SSS: toxin from S. aureus, infants and young kids, granular layer split, no mucous membrane involvement |
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What are the ssx of TSS? |
1. Temp>38.9 2. Erythematous eruption with desquamation of palms and soles 1-2 weeks after onset 3. Hypotension 4. Involvement of 3+: GI, muscular, renal, CNS |
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What are the MCC of TSS? |
1. S. aureus (TSST-1) 2. GAS (1 and 3) |
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How do you tx TSS? |
1. Nafcillin 2. Fluid tx 3. Drainage of infected site |
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What are the ssx of staph TSS? |
1. Perineal ertyehma 2. Desquamation 3. Strawberry tongue 4. Due to tampons |
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What are the ssx of strep TSS? |
1. Preceded by soft tissue infection |
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What is pyogenic paronychia? |
1. Inflammatory reaction involving folds of skin around fingernail |
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What are the MCC of pyogenic paronychia? |
1. S. aureus 2. GAS 3. Pseudomonas 4. Proteus |
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How do you tx pyogenic paronychia? |
1. Keep nails dry 2. Avoid trauma 3. Acute: 1st gen cephalosporin 4. Chronic: oral antifungal |
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What are the ssx of erythrasma? |
1. Dry, brown, delineated scaling patches 2. Located in intertrignous areas 3. Generally asymptomatic, except in groin |
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What is the MCC of erythrasma? |
1. Corynebacterium Minutissimum
Dx with Wood's lamp |
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How do you tx erythrasma? |
1. Topical clindamycin/erythromycin |
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What are the ssx of pitted keratolysis? |
1. Thick weight-bearing portions of soles gradually covered by asymptomatic round pits |
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What is the MCC of pitted keratolysis? |
1. Microccus sedentarius + coryneacteria (??) |
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How do you tx pitted keratolysis? |
1. Topical erythromycin, clindamycin 2. Aluminum chloride solution |
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What are the ssx of trichomycosis axillaris? |
1. Superficial bacterial infection of axillary or pubic hair 2. Adherent yellow, red, or black nodules |
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How do you tx trichomycosis maxillaries? |
1. Antibacterial soap/topical abx |
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What is the MCC of folliculitis? |
1. S. aureus 2. Pseudomonas (swimming pool) |
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How do you tx folliculitis? |
1. Antibacterial soap 2. Drain deep abscess 3. Topical clindamycin and mupirocin |
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What are the ssx of sycosis vulgaris? |
1. Chronic pustular staph infection of bearded region 2. Appear after shaving |
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What is an abscess? |
1. Localized collection of pus that can occur at any site of the body |
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What is a furuncle? |
1. Acute inflammatory abscess of hair follicles and surrounding tissue |
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What is carbuncle? |
1. Collection of furuncles that extend deep into subQ tissue 2. May have sinus tracts and ulcerations |
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What are the ssx of furunculosis? |
1. Perifollicular, round, tender abscess that ends in central suppuration |
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What is the MCC of furunculosis? |
1. S. aureus |
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What are the risk factors for furunculosis? |
1. Alcoholism 2. Malnutrition 3. Blood dyscrasias 4. Neutrophilic dysfunciton |
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How do you tx furunculosis? |
1. Warm compress 2. 1st gen. cephalosporin |
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What is the MCC of chronic furunculosis? How do you tx? |
1. Autoinoculation 2. Tx: chlorhexidine, daily laundering of bedding, hand washing, bactroban BID to nares |
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How do you eradicate the carrier state in chronic furunculosis? |
1. Rifampin + dicloxacillin 2. Bactrim 3. Clindamycin for 3 mos. |
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What is the danger triangle for furunculosis? |
1. Upper lip and nose |
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What are the ssx of ecthyma? |
1. Ulcerative lesion on shins or dorsal feet 2. Saucer-shaped ulcer when crust is removed |
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What is the MCC of ecthyma? |
1. Staph 2. Strep |
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How do you tx ecthyma? |
1. Mupirocin BID + dicloxacillin |
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What are the ssx of scarlet fever? |
1. Diffuse erythemtous exanthem 2. Erytematous papular eruption--- sandpaper 3. Pharyngitis 4. Stawberry tongue 5. Pastia lines 6. Circumoral pallor |
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What is the Schultz-Carlton phenomenon? |
1. Blanching 2o to exotoxin from GAS |
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What are the ssx of erysipelas? |
1. Acute infection of dermis an superficial dermal lymphatics 2. Leukocytos >20K 3. Sharp, raised border
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What is the MCC of erysipelas? |
1. GAS 2. GBS in newborns |
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How do you tx erysipelas? |
1. PCN 2. Erythromycin |
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What are the MCC of necrotizing fasciitis? |
1. Beta hemolytic strep 2. Pseudomonas 3. Bacterioides |
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What are the predisposing factors for necrotizing fasciitis? |
1. Psoriasis 2. Childhood varicella |
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How do you tx necrotizing fasciitis? |
1. Early surgical debridement 2. Broad spectrum abx |
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What are the different types of necrotizing fasciitis? |
1. Type I-- polymicrobia 2. Type II-- GAS 3. Type III- gas gangrene or clostridial myonecrosis |
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What is Fournier's syndrome? |
1. Localized variant of type I NF involving scrotum and penis |
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What are the ssx of blistering distal dactylitis? |
1. Tense superficial blisters on solar fat pad phalanx of digit |
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What are the MCC of blistering distal dactylitis? |
1. GAS 2. S. aureus |
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How do you tx blistering distal dactylitis? |
1. PCN |
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What are the ssx of perianal dermatitis? |
1. Well-demarcated perianal rim of erythema 2. May lead to fecal retention |
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What are the MCC of perianal dermatitis? |
1. GAS 2. S. aureus |
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How do you tx perianal dermatitis? |
1. PCN 2. Erythromycin |
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What are the ssx of streptococcal intertrigo? |
1. Fiery-red erythema in neck, groin, and axillae 2. In young children and infants 3. Malodorous |
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What are the MCC of streptotcoccal intertrigo? How do you tx? |
1. MCC: GAS 2. Tx: PCN with low-potency corticosteroid |
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What are the cutaneous signs of rheumatic fever? |
1. Erythema marginatum early 2. Subcutaneous nodules late |
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What are the ssx of erysipeloid of Rosenbach? |
1. Purplish swelling of hands 2. Polygonal patches of bluish erythema 3. Migratory |
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What are the MCC of cellulitis? |
1. S. aureus 2. S. pyogenes |
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What are the ssx of cellulitis? |
1. Suppurative inflammation involving subq tissue 2. MC due to T. pedis on leg |
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How do you tx cellulitis? |
1. 1st generation ceph |
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What is the MCC and tx of an infected cyst? |
1. MCC: S. aureus 2. Tx: incision and drainage, abx |
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What is the MCC of tropical ulcer? |
1. B. vincentii 2. Bacteroides |
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What are the MCC of desert sore? |
1. C. diphtheriae 2. Staph 3. Strep |
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What are the toxins associated with B. anthracis? |
1. Edema toxin: transport protein 2. Lethal toxin: lethal factor+ protective antigen |
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What are the forms of anthrax? |
1. Cutaneous-- eschar, suppurative adenitis 2. Inhalation-- hemorrhagi mediastinal infection 3. GI |
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How do you dx anthrax? |
1. Gamma bacteriophage 2. Mice serum titer 3. Electrophoretic immunoblots |
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How do you tx anthrax? |
1. PCN IV followed by oral |