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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Active exercise -
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Repetitive movement or a part of the body as a result of voluntary contraction and relaxation of the controlling muscles
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Addition or summation -
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Chemical reaction in which two complete molecules combine to form a new product. An accumulative effect or action
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Ambulatory
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Able to walk, not confined to bed or wheelchair
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Antagonism/antagonistic effect –
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Process where one drug acts against the therapeutic effect of another drug.
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Barbiturate -
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Sedative or hypnotic drug that depresses respiratory rate, BP, temp and CNS, may be addictive. Used to assist client to sleep
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Bioavailability -
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The degree of activity or amount of an administered drug or other substance that becomes available for activity in target tissue
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Body mechanics -
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Field of physiology that studies muscular activity and the function of muscles, in maintaining the posture of body help in prevention of injury - when lifting/moving
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Circadian rhythm (cycle)
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- Pattern based on 24-hour (day/night) cycle especially the repetition of certain physiological phenomena as sleeping and eating.
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Contracture -
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Abnormal, usually permanent condition of a joint, characterized by flexing and fixation and caused by atrophy and shorting of muscle fibers.
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Contraindication
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- Factor that prohibits the administration of a drug or the performance of an act or procedure in the case of a special patient.
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Dream -
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Sequence of ideas, thoughts, emotions, or images that pass the mind during REM stage of sleep
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Drug absorption –
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The rate at which a drug leaves its site of administration and the extent to which it occurs
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Drug biotransformation -
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(Metabolism) Involves the biologic transformation of a drug. It is the step after absorption and leads to distribution. The liver is the organ most responsible for this process.
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Drug excretion -
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Elimination of drugs from the body. The kidney is the main organ responsible.
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Drug distribution -
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Pattern of transport of drug by the circulatory system/bloodstream to its site of action.
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Drug interactions -
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Alteration of one drug by another drug. Can either increase or decrease actions of drug and can either be harmful or beneficial. A drug-drug or drug-food interaction can be seen
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Drug metabolism -
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Transformation of a drug by the body tissue into a chemical metabolite, example: Aspirin metabolized to salicylic acid
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Flaccidity
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- Weak, soft and flabby, lacking normal muscle tone.
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Four stages of sleep:
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NREM- Stage 1 - Lightest level of sleep, few minutes, decrease physiological activity, awake by noise.
•NREM- Stage 2 - Sound-sleep, relaxation, arousal still easy 10-20 mins. Body functions slow, feel as if daydreaming •NREM- Stage 3 - Initial deep sleep stage, muscles relaxed hard to arouse/move 15-30 mins., vitals decline. NREM- Stage 4 - Deepest stage of sleep, difficult to awake, vital signs decrease, 15-30 mins, sleepwalking, enuresis •REM- Stage 5 - 90 mins after sleep begins, also dreaming occurs in this stage. |
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Fowler’s or semi-sitting position -
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Head is 45 to 60 degrees and knees are slightly elevated.
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Gait –
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Style of walking including rhythm, cadence, and speed.
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Generic or nonproprietary name -
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Official nonproprietary name assigned to a drug not protected by a trademark
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Hypnotic -
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Drugs that when given at low doses calm or soothe the CNS without inducing sleep, but when given at high does may cause sleep. Causes sleep more potent than a sedative
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Hypodermic -
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Pertaining to the area below the skin, such as a hypodermic injection
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Immobility –
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Prolonged inactivity often with negative psycho-cognitive and physiological outcomes
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Line of gravity -
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Imaginary line that extends from the center of gravity to the base of support.
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Malaise -
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Vague uneasy feeling of body weakness, distresses or discomfort often marking the onset of and persisting throughout disease
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Muscle tone -
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Normal state of muscle tension.
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Nightmares or night terrors -
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Dream occurring during REM that arouses feelings of intense fear, usually wakes the sleeper. Usually in children, abrupt waking from sleep with signs of panic and anxiety
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Non-REM sleep -
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One of four stages of sleep cycle, precedes REM sleep most of normal sleep style consists of non rapid eye movement sleep
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OOB -
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Out Of Bed
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Oral -
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Pertaining to mouth (tablets, capsules)
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Parenteral -
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Treatment other than through the digestive system
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pH-
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"Potential Hydrogen" scale represents the relative acidity of a solution in which 7.0 - neutral, below 7.0 = acid and above 7.0 = alkaline.
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PO –
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Per OS (By Mouth)
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Potentiation -
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Synergistic action in which the effect of two drugs given simultaneously is greater than the effect of the drugs given separately.
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Prone position -
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Bend forwards, being in horizontal position when lying down
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REM sleep -
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Last stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movement, vivid dreams and irregular breathing.
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Romberg sign (test) -
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Indication of loss of sense of position in which client losses balance when standing erect, feet together and eyes closed.
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Sedative -
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Drugs that have an inhibiting effect on CNS to the degree that these drugs reduce nervousness, excitability or irritability without causing sleep.
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Side effect -
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Predictable adverse drug reaction
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Lateral position -
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Side-lying
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Sleep –
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A state marked by reduced consciousness, diminished activity of the skeletal muscles and depressed metabolism.
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Somnambulism -
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Occurs during stages 3/4 of non-rem sleep that is characterized by complex motor activity, usually leaving the bed and walking about (sleepwalking).
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Supine position -
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Lying on back with the palm of hands turned up.
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Synergism/synergistic effect -
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Process of which two drugs or agents work simultaneously to enhance the function or effect of one another
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Tactile sensation -
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The sensation of touch.
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Therapeutic effect-
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Dosage range when the drug is effective. In a narrow range the drug can quickly become toxic
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Toxic effect -
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May develop after prolonged intake of a medicine or when a medicine accumulates in the blood because of impaired metabolism or execution. Also occurs when a drug dose is outside the therapeutic range
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Trade or proprietary name -
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Patent medicine, OTC, RX, drug name given by a drug company.
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Untoward effects -
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Severe reaction to medicine (adverse effect).
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