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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Definition |
chronic inflammatory disorder of airways |
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Asthma associated with..? |
airway hyperresponsiveness wheezing 🐦 breathlessness🤐 chest tightness coughing🤧 |
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Patient came with Recurrent wheezing ,cough at night ,after exercise and after exposure to allergens or pollutants . After that he came with Colds which take more than 10 days to clear What’s your diagnosis |
Asthma |
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What will u see in asthmatic airway??? |
Smooth muscle dysfunction Inflam (edema/mucus) Remodel |
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What are the airway structural cells |
epithelial cells Smooth muscle cells Endothelial cells Fibroblasts Airway nerves |
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Cell that sense mechanical environment |
epithelial cells |
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Rule of fibroblast |
Airway remodel |
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Cell that release inflam protein |
Smooth muscle cells |
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Cell that recruits inflammatory cells |
Endothelial cells |
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Parasympathetic action |
Brochioconstrictor Smooth muscle contaction Mucus secretion
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Ipratropium is anticholinergic What’s its action ?? |
bronchodilatation decreased secretions |
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Sympathetic action ? |
relaxation of airway smooth muscles |
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Salbutamol is β 2 adrenergic agonists What is the action ?? |
Brochiodilator
For asthma |
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Mediator of |
Symp—— cateocholamine Parasymp—-Ach Non—-NO |
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Action of Non adrenergic Non Cholinergic inhibitory system. |
run in the vagal trunk , but cause bronchial smooth muscle to relax.🤷🏻♂️🤷🏻♂️ |
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What are the inflam cell in asthma |
• Mast Cells • Eosinophills • T lymphocytes • Dendritic cells • Macrophages • Neutrophils |
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Cell prod brochioconstrictor subs like —(histamine,leukotrien,prosta) |
Mast cell |
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Cell that release proteins that damage airway cells |
Eosinophils |
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Brochconstrictor mediator |
Leukotrien Histamine Prostaglandin |
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What occurs in early phase of asthma |
Allergen stimulate Mast cell to release histamin/ prosta/leukotrien Which lead to brochioconstrictor and infiltration of inflam cell |
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What occurs in late phase of asthma |
Airways inflam cause edema and tissue injury |
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What’s (1,2,3,4) |
1) IL4,13 2) IL5 3) IgE 4) histamine,leukotrien, prosta |
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How airway resistance increase in asthma |
IgE mediate release of IL5 ,IL-b4 which bind to eosinophil to release Leukotrien ,MBP ,ROS ** The results in....... 1) ⬆️ airway inflam —damage airway epith— stop cillia function — +sensory nerve—narrow airway 2) ⬆️ edema —airway narrow |
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Complication of increase airway resistance |
⬆️ WOB—- fatigue V/Q mismatch Hypoxia |
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Complication of increase airway resistance |
⬆️ WOB—- fatigue V/Q mismatch Hypoxia |
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Both O2 and CO2 will decrease in case of ..... but CO2 is high in case of ...... |
Hypoxia V/Q mismatch (cyanosis) |
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Asthma started with hypoxia and hypocarbia If uncontrolled,CO2 amount will increase. Why??? |
accessory muscle get tired 😓 because of less O2 So ventilation will decrease and CO2 will build in body |
Acidosis cause increase of bicarbonate ( compensation) |
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What will U give in sever asthma symptoms?? |
O2 Salbutamol Ipratropium Hydrocortisone Mg sulphate (IV) |
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What will U give in sever asthma symptoms?? |
O2 Salbutamol Ipratropium Steroids Mg sulphate (IV) |
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Complication of asthma |
Resp failure Acidosis Pneumothorax Lung collapse |
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Complications of COPD |
Pulmonary hypertension Resp failure Pneumothorax |
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Complications of COPD |
Pulmonary hypertension Resp failure Pneumothorax |
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Type of resp failure |
Type 1–hypoxemic (pneumonia) Type 2–hypoxia /hypercapnia (COPD) |
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Complications of COPD |
Pulmonary hypertension Resp failure Pneumothorax |
Resp failure who PaO2<60 |