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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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structural classification |
-based on presence between space of bones -connective tissue holding bones together |
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three types of structural joints |
fibrous: connected by collagen fibers cartilaginous: connected by cartilage synovial: joint capsule & accessory ligaments |
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functional classification |
based on movement |
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types of functional joints |
synarthrosis: immovable amphiarthrosis: slightly movable diarthrosis: freely movable |
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fibrous joints (definition & subtypes) |
-lack synovial cavity, held closely together by connective tissue, little to no movement (synarthroses or amphiarthroses) -sutures, syndesmoses, gomphoses |
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sutures (description; location; functional class) |
-thin layer of dense fibrous connective tissue -skull bones -immovable, synarthrosis |
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syndesmosis (description; location; functional class) |
-bones united by ligament -distal tibiofibular joint -slightly moveable, amphiarthrosis |
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gomphosis (description; location; functional class) |
-hold cone shaped peg in bony socket -teeth in alveolar processes ONLY -slightly moveable, amphiarthrosis |
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cartilaginous joints (definition & subtypes) |
-lacks synovial cavity, allows little to no movement, held tightly together by fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage -sychondroses, sympheses |
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synchodrosis (description; location; functional class) |
-connecting material is hyaline cartilage -epiphyseal plate or joints bt. ribs & sternum -immovable, synarthroses |
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symphysis (description; location; functional class) |
-connecting material is fibrocartilage -intervertebral disks, pubic symphysis -slightly movable, amphiarthrosis |
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synovial joints (definition & 3 main components) |
-separates articulating bones; freely moveable *articular cartilage: reduce friction, absorb shock *articular capsule: surround joint, thickening in fibrous capsule= ligaments *synovial membrane: inner lining, secretes synovial fluid, brings nutrients to articular cartilage |
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bursae tendon sheaths |
fluid filled saclike extensions of joint capsule, reduces friction tube-like bursa, wrap around wrist/ankle where several tendons meet up |
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subtypes of synovial joint (6) |
planar, hinge, pivot, ball & socket, condyloid, saddle |
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planar joint (description; location; functional class) |
-bone surfaces flat/slightly curved, move in planes, rotation prevented by ligaments -carpals -diarthrosis, freely moveable |
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hinge joint (description; location; functional class) |
-convex --> concave surface, monoaxial -knee, elbow -diarthrosis, freely moveable |
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pivot joint (description; location; functional class) |
-rounded surface of bone fits with ring of second bone, monoaxial around longitudinal axis -proximal radioulnar, atlas turning head side-side -diarthrotic, freely moveable |
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ball & socket joint (description; location; functional class) |
-ball fits into socket -shoulder, hip -diarthrosis, freely moveable |
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condyloid joint (description; location; functional class) |
-oval shaped projection fits into oval-shaped depression, biaxial= extend/flex, adduct/abduct -wrist -diarthrosis, freely moveable |
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saddle joint (description; location; functional class) *special action made by this joint |
-saddle & horse shaped, triaxial -thumb -diarthrosis, freely moveable *opposition: thumb touching tip of all fingers |
