Art History Terms Unit 1

Front 1

corbel vault

Back 1

Mayan architecture, brick vaulting that comes to a point

Front 2

Talud/tablero

Back 2

flat to tilted tiling from teotihuacan

Front 3

axis mundi

Back 3

central world tree

Front 4

nawal/naway

Back 4

indigenous language

Front 5

Popol vuh

Back 5

story of earth and human's creation

Front 6

stela

Back 6

decorated flat on architecture

Front 7

Tzolk'in

Haab

Back 7

260-day calendar

365-day calendar

Front 8

sacbe

Back 8

raised limestone road

Front 9

codex

Back 9

accordian-style folding book

Front 10

xibalba

Back 10

the underworld-- entrance thru cave in copan

Front 11

itz

Back 11

secretions used for sacred values ex. tears, blood, sweat, sap

Front 12

tzompantli

Back 12

skull rack

Front 13

chacmool

Back 13

reclining figure used for offerings

Front 14

tlaloc also known as chac

Back 14

rain god, googly eyes

Front 15

hunapu and xbalanche

Back 15

hun hunapu's twins who created humans

Front 16

k'awil

Back 16

god k, identified with serpents, fertility and maize

Front 17

maize god also known as hun hunapu

Back 17

1st world twin

Front 18

coatlique

Back 18

snake woman--2 snake heads

Front 19

huitzilopochtli

Back 19

god of war, son of coatlique

Front 20

tezacatlipoca

Back 20

aztec deity,turquoise mask with black eyes

Front 21

hacha, yoke, palma

Back 21

decorative waistband

Front 22

copal

Back 22

sap that burns to communicate with the gods

Front 23

roofcombs

Back 23

"headdresses" for temples

Front 24

bacabs

Back 24

4 deities of corners of the earth

Front 25

veneer masonry/mosaic facades

Back 25

v popular in lowlands and puucs

Front 26

symbolism with natural phenomens

Back 26

snakes=blood

caves=entrance to otherworld

caimans, jaguars, quetzal= powerful

Front 27

olmec

Back 27

vera cruz region, preclassic era

Front 28

zapotec

Back 28

middle preclassic

Front 29

teotihuacanos

Back 29

late preclassic

Front 30

maya (lowland, highland, puuc)

Back 30

tikal and copan regions

classic

Front 31

toltec and aztec

Back 31

post classic

Front 32

nave

Back 32

center of church

Front 33

repousse

Back 33

metalwork hammered

Front 34

retablo

Back 34

small devotional painting derived from catholic church

Front 35

cloister

Back 35

where the monks lived in the church

Front 36

atrium

Back 36

atrio, open air enclosed space

Front 37

atrial cross

Back 37

central courtyard cross, generally in line with center of church

Front 38

posa chapels

Back 38

4 chapels at atrium corners, enter/exit counterclockwise

Front 39

open chapel

Back 39

new spain architecture, not intended to be finished

Front 40

espadana

Back 40

similar to bell tower in a church

Front 41

biombo

Back 41

decorated folding screen

Front 42

talavera

Back 42

milky white glazed pottery

Front 43

pasta de cana

Back 43

cane paste and orchid juice used around corn husk

Front 44

amanteca

Back 44

feather work

Front 45

fresco/seco

Back 45

wet/dry painting technique

Front 46

gilding

Back 46

gold leafing

Front 47

alfiz

Back 47

flat pattern around doorway

Front 48

alfarje

Back 48

woodwork for ceiling vaulting-- inlaid, doesn't use nails

Front 49

charles v

Back 49

emperor during 16th century for spain and austria

Front 50

hernan cortez

Back 50

spanish conquistador caused fall of aztec empire

Front 51

malinche

Back 51

donna maria

cortez's translator and baby mama

Front 52

viceroy/ viceregal

Back 52

royalty

Front 53

encomienda/encomenderos

Back 53

"almost" slave owners and land owners

Front 54

cacique

Back 54

leader of indigenous groups

Front 55

mudejar

Back 55

architecture imported from spain-- combines flattened patterns and mesoamerican style

Front 56

renaissance

Back 56

rebirth of classics--less reliance on religion

Front 57

gothic

Back 57

rib vaulting

Front 58

plateresque

Back 58

renaissance but flattened

Front 59

classic architecture

Back 59

rounded arches, columns, specific proportions, turrets

Front 60

mestizo

Back 60

european and amerindian descent

Front 61

creole

Back 61

spanish conquest brought free africans

Front 62

manila galleon

Back 62

trade route between china, mexico and spain

Front 63

reconquista

Back 63

in 1492, pushes out muslims and jewish people from spain

Front 64

treaty of tordesillas,1494

Back 64

split ownership of mesoamerica between spain and portugual(they got brazil)

Front 65

laws of the indies,1542

pope paul III

Back 65

law says indigenious cannot be enslaved

Front 66

porteria

Back 66

geometric arches that lead to atrium in front of churches

Front 67

fray bernardino de sahagún

Back 67

interested in indigenous language--created 13 volume book including florentine codex

Front 68

fray diego de landa

Back 68

burned everything