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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Rib vaulting
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2 or 3 barrel vaults producing a "Rib" when they are edged with an armature of piped masonry often in decorative patterns
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Nave arcade
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a series of pointed arches roofed with a pointed barrel vault. The pointed arches and vault emphasize the vertical nature of the building
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Gallery/tribune
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refer to a balcony overlooking the nave of a church
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Mosque
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Place of worship for the followers of Islam
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Mihrab
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semicircular niche in the wall that shows the direction Mecca is in
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Qibla
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Direction that should be faced towards Mecca
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Minaret
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Towers from which the faithful are called to prayer, mark the enclosing wall
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Minbar
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Pulpit for reading the Quran
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Paradise Garden
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Celebrated due to desert roots, paradise is described as a garden, they use a four-square plan
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Muqarnas
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Ceramic tile and with small relief patterns that facet the interior domes and corners through the use of a squinch. Type of decoration is either masonry or stucco
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Westwork
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monumental West-facing entrance section of a Romanesque Church. The exterior consists of multiple stories between two towers.
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Chevet
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Chevet: eastern end of a church, especially of a Gothic church designed in the French manner. Beginning about the 12th century, Romanesque builders began to elaborate on the design of the area around the altar, adding a curved ambulatory behind it and constructing a series of apses or small chapels radiating from the ambulatory. Chevet design became most elaborate during the 13th century, and examples can be seen in the cathedrals of Rheims and Chartres
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Rose window
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Rose Window: is often used as a generic term applied to a circular window, but is especially used for those found in churches of the Gothic architectural style and being divided into segments by stone mullions and tracery. The name “rose window” was not used before the 17th century and according to the Oxford English Dictionary, among other authorities, comes from the English flower name rose.[1]
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Lancet
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Lancet: narrow, high window capped by a lancet, or acute, arch. The lancet arch is a variety of pointed arch in which each of the arcs, or curves, of the arch have a radius longer than the width of the arch. It takes its name from being shaped like the tip of a lance. The lancet window is one of the typical features of the Early English (13th century) period in Gothic architecture.
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Trefoil
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Trefoil: Trefoil is a term in Gothic architecture given to the ornamental foliation or cusping introduced in the heads of window-lights, tracery, panellings, etc., in which the center takes the form of a three-lobed leaf (formed from three partially-overlapping circles). One of the earliest examples is in the plate tracery at Winchester (1222 - 1235). The fourfold version of an architectural trefoil is a quatrefoil.
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Quatrefoil
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Quatrefoil: In architecture and traditional Christian symbolism, a quatrefoil is a symmetrical shape which forms the overall outline of four partially-overlapping circles of the same diameter.
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Buttress
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Buttress: is an architectural structure built against (a counterfort) or projecting from a wall which serves to support or reinforce the wall. Buttresses are fairly common on more ancient buildings, as a means of providing support to act against the lateral (sideways) forces arising out of the roof structures that lack adequate bracing.
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Flying Buttress
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Flying buttress: is a specific form of buttressing most strongly associated with Gothic church architecture. It serves to transmit the lateral forces pushing a wall outwards (which may arise from stone vaulted ceilings or from wind-loading on roofs) across an intervening space and ultimately down to the ground. Flying buttress systems have two key components - a massive vertical masonry block (the buttress) on the outside of the building and a segmental or quadrant arch bridging the gap between that buttress and the wall (the 'flyer').[1]
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Complex Rib Vaulting
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Complex Rib Vaulting: The intersection of two or three barrel vaults produces a rib vault or ribbed vault when they are edged with an armature of piped masonry often carved in decorative patterns; compare groin vault, an older form of vault construction. While the mechanics of the weight of a groin vault and its transmission outwards to the supporting pillars remained as it had been, the new use of rib vaults demonstrates the skill of the masons and the grandeur of the new ideas circulating at the introduction of Gothic architecture in the end of the eleventh century.
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Umbrella Vaulting
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Umbrella Vaulting: A vault that has ribs which fan out from a central support.
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Fan Vault
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Fan Vault: is a form of vault used in the Perpendicular Gothic style, in which the ribs are all of the same curve and spaced equidistantly, in a manner resembling a fan. The initiation and propagation of this design element is strongly associated with England.
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Choir
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Choir: is the area of a church or cathedral, usually in the western part of the chancel between the nave and the sanctuary (which houses the altar). The choir is occasionally located in the eastern part of the nave. In some monastic churches the choir occupies the western end of the nave and thus counterbalances the chancel and sanctuary.
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Lady Chapel
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Lady Chapel: is a traditional English term for a chapel inside a cathedral, basilica, or large church dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary. Most large medieval churches had such a chapel, as Roman Catholic and some Anglican ones still do, and middle-sized churches often had a side-altar dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary.
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Chapter House
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Chapter House: is a building or room attached to a cathedral or collegiate church in which meetings are held. They can also be found in medieval monasteries
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Collegiate Gothic
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Collegiate Gothic: is an architectural genre, a subgenre of Gothic Revival architecture.
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Bastide
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Bastide: are fortified[1] new towns built in medieval Languedoc, Gascony and Aquitaine during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, although some authorities count Mont-de-Marsan and Montauban, which was founded in 1144,[2] as the first bastides
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Hanseatic League
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Hanseatic League: Trade agreement around Baltic Sea and North Sea
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Guild
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Guild: Trade agreement architecture surrounding markets
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Doge
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Secular leader in the republic of Venice
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Piazza
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Piazza: is a city square in Italy, Malta, along the Dalmatian coast and in surrounding regions. The term is roughly equivalent to the Spanish plaza
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Palazzo
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Palazzo: A large splendid residence or public building, such as a palace or museum.
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