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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the basic function of archaeologists?
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Archaeologists study the remains of ancient human societies and cultures.
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What is the basic function of ...(archaeological) botanists?
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(Archaeological) botanists study ancient pollen found in soil and rocks.
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What is the basic function of ...(archaeological) chemists?
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(Archaeological)chemists determine the age of ancient objects.
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What is the basic function of ...(archaeological) geologists?
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(Archaeological)geologists describe and explain the changes in the earth's suface that occur over time.
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What is the basic function of ... paleoanthropologists?
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Paleoanthropolists study the biological and cultural development of humans.
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What is the basic function of ...(archaeological) linguists?
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(Archaeological) linguists study and compare ancient languages looking for similarities among them.
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What are the 6 basic archaeological specialties?
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1. archaeology
2. botanists 3. chemists 4. geologists 5. linguists 6. paleoanthropolgy |
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Which of the basic 6 specialties in archaeology ... study the remains of buildings, artwork, tools, and pottery?
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archaeologist
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Which of the basic 6 specialties in archaeology ... remove fossilized pollen with acid or by adding a liquid that causes the pollen to float on the top of the surface?
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botanists
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Which of the basic 6 specialties in archaeology ... might discover a fossil of a sea creature in an area that is all land and conclude that the land was once water?
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geologists
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Which of the basic 6 specialties in archaeology ... compare ancient languages to determine whether the speakers lived in the same geographic area?
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linguists
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Which of the basic 6 specialties in archaeology ... study the size and shape of skeletal remains such as, teeth and bones?
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paleoanthropologists
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Why do botonist study the plants from which pollen came?
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They use this information to understand the vegetation of a particular area that existed up to 60,000 years ago.
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Name the 4 basic steps that archaeologistsgoes through in their work.
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1. Determine where an ancient society is likely to be baried;
2. Dig through the eaach and uncover, or excate, the remains; 3. Accurately record where the objects were found; and, 4. Carefully examine the objects to learn about the society. |
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Which of the basic 6 specialties in archaeology study the materials from rocks?
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geologists
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Why do geologists want to understand the material of a rock?
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Geologists want to discover how ancient people got the stone to make their tools.
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What are 3 reasons linguists compare ancient languages?
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Linguist study ancient languages to:
1. determine whether the groups lived in the same geographical area; 2. Track the movement of different societies; and, Identify important information about the ancient cultures. |
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Which of the basic 6 specialties in archaeology study the biological and cultural development of humans?
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paleoanthropoligists
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Why do paleoanthropologists focus on the size and shape of skeletal remains such as, teeth, skulls, and other bones?
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Paleoanthropologists study teeth, skulls and other bones to reveal information on the size, sex, and age of a hominid when he or she died.
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Name 5 aspects an anthropologist tries to understand about people's lives.
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1. Culture
2. Community 3. Communication 4. Religion 5. Traditions |
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What is a culture?
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Culture is how people live, and the ways of living that they have in common.
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What is a community?
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Community is where people live, and the social structure and buildings.
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What is communication?
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Communication is how people exchange ideas, language, pictures, and gestures.
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What is religion?
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Religion is what people value and/or worship.
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What is a tradition?
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Traditions are the actions and beliefs handed down from the past.
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What does excavate mean?
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To dig to examine a site.
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What are the 4 basic steps to excavating an archaeological site?
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1. Map out the area
2. form area into squares or a grid pattern 3. labels coordinates. 4. measure, dig, sift and brush away dirt to reveal the relics |
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Name 2 large tools that archaeologists use during an excavation.
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shovels and picks
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Name 3 smaller tools that an archaeologists use during an excavation.
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trowel, ice picks and a firm brush
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Why would an archaeologist use a wire mesh sieve during an excavation?
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To sift through dirt to locate tiny objects which may otherwise be overlooked.
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Why would an archaeologist make a plaster cast of bones or fossils?
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Plaster casts are made of bones and fossils that are too difficult to move.
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Only large bones and fossils are labelled and recorded.
True or false? Why? |
False. All relics, no matter the size of them, are labelled and recorded.
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What is stratigraphy?
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Stratigraphy is a method used to determine the age of artifacts by keeping a record of the layers of soil in which they were found.
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Why is stratigraphy important?
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It's a process that helps to interpret archaeologists findings and uncover clues about different periods in history.
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What is a strata?
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A distinct change in a layer of soil and rock.
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What is an artifact?
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An artifact is an object that has been made or modified by humans.
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What are 3 inferences an archaeologist may make about an artifact such as, an arrowhead made of flint in an area where flint is not naturally found?
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They can infer:
1. the flint was found while the people traveled; 2. people traded for it; 3. people were attached by people from an area where flint is naturally found. |
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What are two methods used to determine the age of a fossil?
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1. radioactive-carbon dating or radioactive decay
2. layer-dating or examining the layer of earth the fossil was found |
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Why are rocks important in layer-dating a fossil?
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Geologists know that younger rocks are layered on top of older rocks.
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What is radioactive carbon dating?
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Dating artifacts, bones and teeth by chemically determining the amount of radio-active carbon decay there is in them.
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What is the maximum number of years that an artifact be dated using radioactive carbon dating?
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50,000 years
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Why is radioactive carbon dating only effective for artifacts that are less than 50,000 years old?
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There is no radioactive carbon left in an artifact after it is 50,000 years old.
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