A&p/ch 15:urinary System

Front 1

urine

Back 1

- excreted product
- contains water, plasma solutes, endproduct of protein catabolism, & ribonucleic acid catabolism

Front 2

urine volume value

Back 2

1-2 liters/day

Front 3

urine color

Back 3

yellow to amber

Front 4

urine pH value

Back 4

4.6 to 8.0

Front 5

urine specific gravity value

Back 5

1.000 - 1.035

Front 6

urine turbidity

Back 6

clear

Front 7

kidney structure

Back 7

- bean shaped organ
- in the back of the abdominal cavity
- lateral to vertebral column

Front 8

how many layers does the kidney have?

Back 8

3 layers

Front 9

inner layer of the kidney

Back 9

inner = fibrous renal capsule

Front 10

middle layer of the kidney

Back 10

- middle = adipose capsule
- composed of fatty cushions

Front 11

outer layer of the kidney

Back 11

outer = renal fascia

Front 12

hilus

Back 12

- indentation on middle side of the kidney

Front 13

entry point of hilus is for the

Back 13

- renal artery
- branch of the abdominal aorta

Front 14

exit point of hilus is for the

Back 14

- renal vein
- branch of the inferior vena cava

Front 15

ureter

Back 15

carries urine from the kidney to the bladder

Front 16

bladder

Back 16

stores urine

Front 17

urethra

Back 17

carries urine from the bladder to the exterior of the body

Front 18

inner kidney region

Back 18

renal medulla

Front 19

middle kidney region

Back 19

renal sinus

Front 20

outter kidney region

Back 20

renal cortex

Front 21

renal medulla

Back 21

- inner kidney region
- has 5-18 pyramid lobes separated by renal columns
- papillae

Front 22

pyramid lobes are separated by

Back 22

renal columns

Front 23

renal columns are

Back 23

projections of the cortex

Front 24

papillae are

Back 24

- tips of the pyramid lobes
- project into the kidney center

Front 25

renal sinus

Back 25

- hollow space in the kidney
- contains blood vessels & nerves
- renal pelvis
- opens to the ureter
- renal calices

Front 26

renal pelvis

Back 26

- funnel-shapped
- forms urine passages

Front 27

renal calices

Back 27

passages that drain urine to the pelvis

Front 28

renal cortex

Back 28

outer kidney region

Front 29

minor calyx

Back 29

papilla that projects into small tubes

Front 30

major calyx

Back 30

several joined minor calices

Front 31

renal pelvis

Back 31

formed by several calices

Front 32

renal artery passes into

Back 32

hilus

Front 33

hilus branches into

Back 33

5 segmental arteries

Front 34

segemental arteries branch into

Back 34

2-3 lobar arteries

Front 35

within renal columns each lobar arteries branch form

Back 35

several interlobar arteries

Front 36

interlobar arteries

Back 36

- surround lobes on all sides
- reach junction of medulla & cortex

Front 37

arcuate arteries

Back 37

-branches of interlobular arteries
- arteries that bend at right angles over the base of pyramid lobes
- junction of medulla & cortex

Front 38

all blood enters and exits through the

Back 38

cortex

Front 39

venous drainage passes into

Back 39

- interlobar veins into arcuate veins into interlobular veins into renal vein

Front 40

location of renal vein

Back 40

- anterior to renal artery

Front 41

location of both blood vessels

Back 41

anterior to renal pelvis

Front 42

arcuate arteries

Back 42

-branches of interlobular arteries
- arteries that bend at right angles over the base of pyramid lobes
- junction of medulla & cortex

Front 43

all blood enters and exits through the

Back 43

cortex

Front 44

venous drainage passes into

Back 44

- interlobar veins into arcuate veins into interlobular veins into renal vein

Front 45

location of renal vein

Back 45

- anterior to renal artery

Front 46

location of both blood vessels

Back 46

anterior to renal pelvis

Front 47

renal plexus

Back 47

- branch of celiac ganglion
- controls arteriole diameter
- has effect on rate of urine production

Front 48

nephrons

Back 48

- basic unit of kidney
- renal tubules
- role = filter plasma, modify solute reaborption & secretion

Front 49

coritcal glomerulus

Back 49

tuft of capillaries served by afferent arteriole

Front 50

bowman's capsule

Back 50

- encloses glomerulus
- 1st segment of nephrons

Front 51

renal corpuscle

Back 51

- glomerulus & capsule

Front 52

proximal convoluted tubule

Back 52

connects to loop of Henle

Front 53

loop of Henle

Back 53

- connects proximal tubule to distal tubule
- hairpin-like structure
- thin descending limb
- thick ascending limb

Front 54

juxtamedullary nephrons

Back 54

pass deep into medulla

Front 55

distal convolute tubule

Back 55

curls and connects to glomerule at juxtaglomerula apparatus

Front 56

distal tubule joins

Back 56

collecting tubules that go into papillae