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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
T/F: The outer covering of the kidney is called the fibrous capsule.
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True
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Urine travels through the medullary pyramid and drains out the renal papillae into which of the following structures?
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Minor calyx
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What structure plays a major role in forming concentrated urine and regulating blood pressure?
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Juxtaglomerular apparatus
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T/F: The renal arteries transport blood to the kidneys.
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True
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What type of epithelium lines the bladder?
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Transitional epithelium
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T/F: the right kidney sits lower than the left kidney.
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True
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T/F: Urine formation has no effect on blood pressure.
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False
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What is the term used to describe the outer layer of the kidney?
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Cortex
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The functional unit of the kidney is called the,
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Nephron
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Lack of voluntary control over the external sphincter is called,
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Incontinence
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What is the term used to describe the condition when the fatty structure which surrounds the kidney can no longer hold the kidney in place and the kidney drops to a more inferior position?
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Nephroptosis (Ptosis)
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What structure lies b/w the pct and the dct?
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Loop of Henle
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What substances are found in the ultrafiltrate in the Bowman's capsule?
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Amino acids, glucose, sodium (not Erythrocytes).
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What stuctures are part of the glomerular filtration apparatus?
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Podocytes, Glomerular capillary wall, basement membrane (not parietal layer of Bowman's capsule).
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What vessel is responsible for transporting blood into the renal corpuscle?
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Afferent arteriole
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What mechanisms occur along the length of the nephron?
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Glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion.
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What structures is found in the medulla?
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Medullary pyramids
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T/F: The Collecting duct runs through the medulla.
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True
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The peritubular capillary bed arises from which of the following vessels?
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Efferent arteriole
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What is the summation of the renal corpuscle?
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Bowman's capsule and glomerulus
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What is the name of the muscle found in the bladder wall?
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Detrusor muscle
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In males, what are the divisions of the urethra?
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Prostatic urethra, Membranous urethra, and Spongy urethra
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What is the more technical term that refers to urination?
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Micturation
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What is the name of the structure that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder?
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Ureter
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What is another name for the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule?
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Podocytes
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What is the first step in urine formation?
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Glomerular filtration
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Glomerular filtration occurs in which of the following areas?
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Renal corpuscle
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Where is the primary site at which tubular secretion occurs?
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Collecting duct
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What substances are reabsorbed in the Loop of Henle.
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Sodium, Potassium, and water
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What substances are reabsorbed in the DCT?
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Water, sodium, calcium
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What hormone increases water reabsorption in the DCT and collecting duct?
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Anti-diuretic hormone
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Where is the primary site for H+ secretion into the liver?
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Collecting duct
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What areas of the nephron is water reabsorption impermeable?
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Ascending portion of the Loop of Henle
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In a juextamedullary nephron, what is the osmolarity of the urine found at the turn in the Loop of Henle?
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1200 mOsm
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What affects the glomerular filtration rate?
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Blood pressure, heart rate, thickness of the basement membrane.
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In a cortical nephron, what is the concentration of urine at the turn in the Loop of Henle?
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900 mOsm
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What is inserted into cells in the collecting duct to increase water reabsorption?
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Aquaporin pores
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T/F: All substances that are found in the ultrafiltrate in the Renal corpuscle are reabsorbed.
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False
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T/F: Hormonal control of the nephron occurs primarily in the PCT and the loop of Henle.
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False
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Cortical nephrons play a critical role in the formation of concentrated urine.
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False
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T/F: HCO3- is a buffer found in extracellular fluid.
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True
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What are the proper excretion forms for H+ ions?
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Pure H+ in the urine, H2PO4-, and NH4+
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T/F: Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH/ vasopressin) is a steroid hormone.
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False
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T/F: Aldosterone is a steriod hormone.
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True
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What are the 3 glands of the salivary gland?
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Submandibular, sublingual, parotid
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How many primary baby teeth do you have?
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20
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T/F: Digestion of food begins in the mouth following the addition of salivary enzymes.
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True
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The muscularis mucosae is part of which layer in the digestive tract?
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Mucosa
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What phase of digestion is activated by sight, smell, and thought of food?
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Cephalic
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What cell type is responsible for producing hydrochloric acid?
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parietal cell
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