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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Thalamus - Top of brainstem, above Ret. Form. , sensory switchboard |
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Cerebellum - Back/bottom of brain, coordinates movement output and balance |
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Limbic System - Below cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions and drive; includes hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus. |
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Hippocampus - Borders cerebellum to northwest; Processes memory |
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Amydala - Left of hippocampus and above Thalamus; influences aggression and fear |
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Hypothalamus - Left of thalamus; Directs maintenance activities (eating/drinking/body temp.) and governs the endocrine system |
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Dopamine - Nuerotransmitter released in response to reward centers being triggered |
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Cerebral Cortex - Ultimate control and info. processing network |
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Glial Cells - Cells that support, nourish, and protect neurons in the nervous system |
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Frontal Lobes - Speaking, muscle movements, and planning+judgement |
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Parietal Lobes - Sensory input for touch and body position |
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Occipital Lobes - Receive info. from visual fields |
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Temperal Lobes - Auditory area, receive info. from opposite ears |
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Motor Cortex - Rear of Frontal Lobes, Controls voluntary movements |
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Neural Prosthetics - Placing electrodes in the neural cortex to predict thoughts, and furthermore, to affect their movements |
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Sensory Cortex - Front of the Parietal Lobes; Sends the motor cortex messages |
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Association Areas - Areas involved in higher mental functions (learning/remembering/thinking) |
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Aphasia - Impaired use of language, usually by damage to the left-hemisphere (to Broca's area *speaking* or Wernicke's Area *understanding*) |
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Broca's Area - Frontal Lobe, damage here disrupts speaking |
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Wernicke's Area - Left temporal lobe; Damage here results in meaningless speech and understanding |
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Angular Gyrus - Temporal/parietal lobe; Damage here allows people to read and understand, but not speak aloud (transform the message to speech) |
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Plasticity - Ability of the brain to modify after damage |
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Constraint Induced Therapy - Restricting functioning limbs to force bad limbs to move |
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Nuerogenesis - Formation of new neurons |
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Corpus Callosum - Neural fibers connecting the brain hemispheres |
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Consciousness - Awareness of ourselves and the environment |
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Cognitive Neuroscience - Brain activity linked with Cognition (perception/thinking/memory) |
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Dual Processing - Principle that info. is simultaneously processed on separate conscious and un-conscious tracks |
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Behavior Genetics - The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior |
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Environment - Every non-genetic influence, from pre-natal nutrition to the people and things around us |
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Chromosomes - Thread-like structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes |
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DNA - A complex molecule containing the genetic info. that makes up the chromosomes |
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Genes - Biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes; segments of DNA capable of synthesizing a protein. |
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Genome - Complete instructions for making an organism consisting of all the genetic material in that organism's chromosomes. |
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Identical Twins - Twins who develop from a single fertilized egg that splits in two, creating two genetically identical organisms |
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Fraternal Twins - Twins who develop from separate fertilized eggs/ No closer than brother or sister, just share a fetal environment |
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Heritability - Proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. |
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Interaction - Interplay that occurs when the effect of one factor (such as the environment) depends on another factor (such as heredity) |
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Molecular Genetics - Subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes |
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Evolutionary Psychology - Study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection |
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Natural Selection - Theory in which among inherited traits, those who lead to increased reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations |
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Mutation - Random error in gene replication that leads to a change |
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