Ap Psychology: Unit 01

Front 1

empiricism

Back 1

the view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation

Front 2

structuralism

Back 2

an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the structural elements of the human mind

Front 3

functionalism

Back 3

a school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function--how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish

Front 4

experimental psychology

Back 4

the study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method

Front 5

behaviorism

Back 5

the view that psychology should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes

Front 6

humanistic psychology

Back 6

historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individual's potential for personal growth

Front 7

cognitive neuroscience

Back 7

the interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language)

Front 8

psychology

Back 8

the science of behavior and mental processes

Front 9

nature-nurture issue

Back 9

the longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experiences make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors

Front 10

natural selection

Back 10

the principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations

Front 11

levels of analysis

Back 11

the differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenom

Front 12

biopsychosocial approach

Back 12

an integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis

Front 13

biological psychology

Back 13

studies the links between biological (including neuroscience and behavior genetics) and psychological processes

Front 14

evolutionary psychology

Back 14

study of the roots of behavior and mental processes using the principles of natural selection

Front 15

psychodynamic/psychoanalytic psychology

Back 15

studies how unconciouss drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders

Front 16

behavioral psychology

Back 16

scientific study of observable behavior, and its explanation by principles of learning

Front 17

cognitive psychology

Back 17

scientific study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

Front 18

social-cultural psychology

Back 18

the study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking

Front 19

psychometrics

Back 19

the scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits

Front 20

basic research

Back 20

pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base

Front 21

developmental research

Back 21

the scientific study of physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span (womb to tomb)

Front 22

educational psychology

Back 22

the study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning

Front 23

personality psychology

Back 23

the study of an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

Front 24

social psychology

Back 24

the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another

Front 25

applied research

Back 25

scientific study that aims to solve practical problems

Front 26

industrial-organizational (I/O) psychology

Back 26

the application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces

Front 27

human factors psychology

Back 27

the study of how people and machines interact and the design of safe and easily used machines and environments

Front 28

counseling psychology

Back 28

a branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to school, work, or marriage) and in achieving greater well-being

Front 29

clinical psychology

Back 29

a branch of PSYCHOLOGY that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders

Front 30

psychiatry

Back 30

a branch of MEDICINE dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who often provide medical (for example, drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy