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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Psychology
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Study of behavior and mental processes
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Positive Psychology
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Focus on what goes right in terms of behavior and mental processes
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Biological/Physiological Psychologists
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Study how biological processes in the brain affect/are affected by behavior and mental processes
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Developmental Psychologists
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Work with changes in behavior and mental processes as we age; attempt to understand causes and effects of changes
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Cognitive Psychologists
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Study sensation, perception, learning, and memory, thinking, etc.; Believe that we also manipulate information
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Engineering Psychologists
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Help designers create keyboards, phones, websites, etc
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Personality Psychologists
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Study similarities and differences in people; work to understand characteristics in the hopes of helping people lead healthy lives
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Community Psychologists
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Offer services to the homeless; try to prevent disorders, promote strengths
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Clinical/Counseling Psychologists
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Research causes of mental disorders and give people services to overcome them; believe phobias result from bad experiences
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Health Psychologists
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Study effects of behavior on health, and vice versa
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Educational Psychologists
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Research and create theories about teaching and learning; findings--->programs for improving training and learning; students work together
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School Psychologists
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IQ testing specialists, diagnose learning disabilities, try to help students improve and be satisfied
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Social Psychologists
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Study how people think about themselves and others; how people influence others
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Industry/Organizational Psychologists
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-study leadership, stress, competition, how it affects productivity and efficiency; study how businesses work
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Quantitative Psychologists
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use tools to analyze data; help determine validity of psychologists' tests
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Sport Psychologists
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Help athletes reduce stress, focus, etc
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Forensic Psychologists
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assist in selecting juries, evaluate defendants' mental competence to stand trial
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Environmental Psychologists
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study effects of environment on people's behavior and mental processes
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Biological Approach
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Emphasizes activity of nervous system, especially that of the brain; the action of hormones and other chemicals; genetics; James Fallon
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Evolutionary Approach
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Emphasizes the ways in which behavior and mental processes are adaptive for survival; Darwin, William James
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Psychodynamic Approach
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Freud; unconscious emphasized unconscious; behavior governed by unconscious wishes/hidden motives; conflicts in early childhood
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Behaviorist Approach
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Emphasizes learning, especially in terms of rewards and punishments; B.F. Skinner, Watson
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Humanist Approach
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Unique perceptions for guiding behavior, emphasis on individual’s full potential; Maslow, Rogers
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Cognitive Approach
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Mechanisms through which people obtain, store, and manipulate information; Rotter, Mischel, Bandura
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Structuralism
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study conscious experience and its structure; Titchener and Wundt
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Introspection
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looking inward; Wundt
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Gestalt Psychology
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whole is greater than sum of parts; Max Wertheimer
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Psychoanalysis
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explain personality and behavior, goal of treating mental disorders
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Functionalism
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to study how mind works in organism to help it adapt; William James
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Behaviorism
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study only observable behavior and explain behavior through learning principles; Watson and Skinner
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