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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Antihistamines: Histamine 1 Drugs |
Histamine 1 antagonist commonly referred to as antihistamines
Diphenhydramine Loratadine |
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Antihistamines MOA |
-block histamine action at H1 receptors -compete w/histamine for binding at unoccupied receptors -difficult to push histamine off receptors if bound already -binding H1 blockers to histamine receptors prevent adverse effects of histamine stimulation Vasodilation Increase capillary permeability Increase GI & respiratory secretions |
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Antihistamines Drugs: H2 blockers or H2 antagonists |
Cimetidine Ranitidine Famotidine Nizatidine |
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Traditional Antihistamines |
-Work both peripherally & centrally -Anticholinergic effects (more effective than nonsedating drugs in some cases) |
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Traditional Antihistamines: 1st gen |
Diphenhydramine (take at night) Chlorpheniramine Brompheniramine |
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Nonsedating/ Peripherally Acting Antihistamines |
-Developed to eliminate unwanted adverse effects, mainly sedation -periphally block actions of histamine, fewer CNS adverse effects -longer duration of action (increase compliance) |
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Non-Sedating/Periphally Acting Antihistamines Drugs: 2 gen |
More CNS depressants Take during the day
Fexofenadine Loratadine Cetirizine
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Oral Decongestants Drugs |
Pseudoephedrine |
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Topical Nasal Decongestants: Adrenergics Drug |
Phenylephrine |
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Topical Nasal Decongestants: Intranasal Steroids |
Beclomethasone Dipropionate Flunisolide Flucticasone
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Nasal Decongestants Adrenergics MOA |
-Stimulate alpha receptors -Constrict small blood vessels that supply URT structures *result tissues shrink & nasal secretions in swollen mucous membranes are able to drain better *nasal stiffness relieved |
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Nasal Decongestants: Nasal Steroids MOA |
-Anti-inflammatory effect -Turn off the immune system cells (in the inflammatory response) -Decrease antiflammatory, decrease congestion -Nasal stiffness relieved |
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Antitussives (Opioid) Drugs/ MOA |
-Codeine (not subject to 1st pass effect) -Hyrdrocodone
SUPPRESS the cough reflex by direct action CENTRALLY on the cough center in the MEDULLA |
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Antitussives (Non-Opioid) Drugs/ MOA |
Dextromethorphan (same as Opioid) -SUPPRESS the cough reflex by direct action on the cough center CENTRALLY in the MEDULLA
Benzonatate -Suppress cough reflex by numbing stretch receptors in resp. tracts & preventing the stimulation of the cough reflex |
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Expectortants MOA |
-Direct stimulation -Reflex stimulation Final result: thinner mucus, easier to remove |
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Expectorants (Reflex Stimulation) MOA/ Drug |
Guaifenesin
- Drug causes irritation in GI tract Loosening/thinning of Resp. Tract secretions occur in response to irritation |
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Expectorants (Direct Stimulation) MOA |
Secretory glands stimulated directly to increase production of resp. tract fluids |
