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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The clavicle connects the upper limb to the |
Trunk |
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The sternal end of the clavicle articulates with the |
manubrium of the sternum at the sternoclavicular (SC) joint |
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The acromial end of the clavicle articulates with the |
acromion of the scapula at the acrominoclavicular (AC) joint. |
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Which part of the clavicle is convex anteriorly |
The medial two-thrids of the shaft |
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What part of the clavicle is flattened and concave anteriorly? |
The lateral third |
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3 Functions of the clavical |
1.rigid support from which the clavicle and free limb are suspended: keeping the limb lateral to the thorax so the arm can have max movement. This position also helps ribs elevate for deep inspiration. 2. Forms one boundary of the cervico-axillary canal (between the neck and arm) for protection of nerves supplying the arm. 3. Transmits shocks (impacts) fromt eh upper limb to the axial skeleton.
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This bone is a triangular flat bone that lies on the posterolateral aspect of the thorax, overlying the 2nd through 7th ribs. |
The Scapula |
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The convex posterior surface of the scapula is unevenly divided by the spine of the scapula and is divided into |
small supraspinous fossa and a much larger infraspinous fossa |
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The concave costal surface of the scapula has a large |
subscapular fossa |
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The 3 borders of the scapula |
medial, lateral, and superior borders |
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The angles of the scapula |
superior, inferior and lateral angles. |
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The medial border of the scapula is located on the |
axillary side |
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The lateral border of the scapula is located on the |
vertebral side |
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The glenoid cavity is located at the |
head of the scapula. |
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The superior border of the scapula is marked near the junction of the medial two thirds and lateral third by the |
suprascapular notch |
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The spine of the scapula continues laterally, expanding to for the ____________. |
acromion process |
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The glenoid cavity articulates with the |
head of the humerus at the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint. |
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This part of the scapula is a shallow, concave, oval fossa, which is directed anterolaterally and slightly superiorly and is considerably smaller than the head of the humerus for which it serves as a socket |
glenoid cavity |
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The largest bone in the upper limb |
The humerus |
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The humerus articulates with the |
scapula at the glenohumeral joint and the radius and ulna at the elbow joint. |
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This separates the lesser tubercles from the greater tubercles of the humerus. |
The intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove). |
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The anatomical neck of the humerus |
seperates the head from the tubercles |
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Surgical neck of the humerus |
Where the humerus gets sustains injury most often. |
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The shaft of the humerus has two prominent features: |
1. deltoid tuberosity: laterally
2. radial groove: postesteriorly for the radial nerve and profunda brachii artery. |
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The two articular surfaces of the condyle of the humerus: |
1.lateral capitulum (L. little Head) for articulation with the head of the radius 2. medial trochlea (L. pulley) for articulation with the trochlear notch of the ulna. |
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The __________, is superior to the trochlea of the humerous and it receives the coronoid process of the ulna during full flexion of the arm. |
Coronoid fossa |
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The_______________ of the humerus accommodates the olecranon of the ulna during extension of the elbow. |
olecranon fossa |
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The low________ (of the humerus) accommodates the edge of the head of the radius when the elbow is fully flexed. |
radial fossa |
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The stabilizing bone of the forearm |
ulna |
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Of the two forearm bones, which is more medial and longer? |
ulna |
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The two prominent projections of the ulna |
1. coronoid process 2. the olecranon |
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The olecranon and coronoid processes of the ulna from the |
trochlear notch |
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The trochlear notch of the ulna articulates with the |
trochlea of the humerus |
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the radial notch of the ulna articulates with the |
head of the radius |
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Which of the two forearm bones do not articulate directly with the |
carpal bones |
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Which of the 2 forearm bones is lateral and shorter? |
The radius |
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The wrist or carpus has how many carpal bones? |
eight |
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The carpal bones are arranged in |
proximal and distal rows of four |
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The function of the carpal bones |
give flexibility to the wrist. |
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The proxiaml four carpal bones |
Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, and Pisiform |
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The four bones of the distal row |
Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, and Hamate |
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These for the skeleton of the palm |
metacarpus |
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There are how many metacarpal bones |
five |
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The metacarpals consist of? |
base, shaft, and head |
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What articulates with the proximal bases of the metacarpals? |
The carpal bones |
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What articulates with the distal heads of the metacarpals? |
The proximal phalanges of the knuckles |
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What is the thickest and shortest metacarpal? |
The 1st, which is the metacarpal of the thumb. |
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Each digit has 3 phalanges, what are they? |
proximal, middle, and distal (except for the thumb, it only has 2) |
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Each phalanx has 3 parts |
base (prox), shaft, and a head (distal) |
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The weakest part of the clavicle? |
The junction of the middle and lateral 3rds |
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What elevates the medial fragment of the clavicle once it is fractured? |
the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) |
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What makes the shoulder drop when the clavicle is fractured? |
The trapezius muscle is unable to hold up the lateral fragment due to the weight of the upper limb, and the shoulder drops. The lateral fragment becomes depressed and can be pulled medially by the pectoralis major. |
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When the surgical neck of the humerus is fractured what nerve may be injured? |
The axillary |
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When the radial groove of the humerus is fractured, what part of the nerve may be injured? |
The radial nerve |
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What nerve may be injured when the distal humerus of the humerus is fractured? |
The median nerve |
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What nerve may be injured when the medial epicondyle is fractured? |
The ulnar nerve. |
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p. 409 |
start notecards on this page |
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Pectoralis Major Proximal attachment
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1. Clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle 2. Sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilages, aponerurosis of external oblique muscles. |
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Pectoralis Major Distal Attachment |
Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus |
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Innervation of the pectoralis major |
Lateral and medial pectoral nerves, |
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Action of the pectoralis major |
adducts and medially rotates shoulder joint, draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly. |
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Proximal Attachment of the Pectoralis minor |
3rd-5th ribs near their costal cartilages |
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Distal attachment of the pectoralis minor |
medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula |
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Innervation of the pectoralis minor |
Medial pectoral nerve |
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Action of the pectoralis minor |
stabilizes scapula by drawing inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall |
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Proximal attachment of the subclavius |
Junction of the 1st rib and its costal cartilage |
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Distal attachment of the subclavius |
inferior surface of middle third clavicle |
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The subclavius is innervated by |
subclavian nerve (C5, C6) |
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What is the function of the subclavius muscle? |
Anchors and depresses the clavicle |
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The serratus anterior's proximal attachment |
External surfaces of lateral parts of 1st-8th ribs |
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The serratus anterior distal attachment |
Anterior surface of medial border of scapula |
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Function of the serratus anterior |
Protracts scapula and holds against thoracic wall. Rotates scapula |