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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who studied the dilaceration of max laterals? |
Chohayeb A. Dilaceration of permanent upper lateral incisors: Frequency, direction, and endodontic treatment implications. Oral Surg 1983;55:519-20. |
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Explain the criteria for dilaceration according to Chohayeb. |
20 degree deviation from the long axis of the tooth. |
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What were the findings of Chohayeb for max lateral dilacerations? |
Distolabial dilaceration most common (52.1%), Labial was next common, 70% had some form of dilaceration. |
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Whose research contradicted the findings of Chohayeb? |
Mizutani T, Ohno N, Nakamura H. Anatomical study of the root apex in the maxillary anterior teeth. J Endod 1992;18:344-7 He found the most common curve of max laterals to be distolingually. Centrals and cuspids curved distolabially. |
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Mizutani T, Ohno N, Nakamura H also showed what relationships with location of max anterior minor constriction and anatomic apex? |
BL diameter of constriction for centrals: 0.425mm, 0.86mm short of apex laterals: 0.369, 0.825mm short of apex Cuspids:0.375, 1.01mm short of apex This dimension was approximately 0.050 mm larger than the mesiodistal one. |
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Vertucci F, Gegauff A. Root canal morphology of the maxillary first premolar.J Am Dent Assoc 1979;99:194-8.
Showed what about the max 1st premolar? |
50%-lateral canals in which 74% in apical 1/3, 88%- foramen located laterally 58%-% of type II that joined in apical 1/3 71%- % of type IV that joined in middle 1/3 Most common: 2 roots (56%), 2 canals (87%) type II configuration (62%) |
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Vertucci, F.J., Seelig, A.; & Gillis, R. Root canal morphology of the human maxillary second premolar. Oral Surg 1974;38:456-64. |
2nd most Tx tooth (most is man 1st molar) 75% had 1 canal at apex, 24% had 2-apex, & 1% had 3 canals-apex. 1 canal-48% 2 canal-51% 3 canal-1% |
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Who measured distance from cusp tips to pulp ceiling? What was that distance? |
Deutsch AS, Musikant B, Gu S, Isidro M. Morphological measurements of anatomic landmarks in pulp chambers of human maxillary furcated bicuspids. J Endod 2005; 31:5703. -7mm from tips to pulp ceiling. -2.76mm from floor to ceiling in furcated max premolars -1.85mm from floor to furcation in max premolars ** know access bur length, expect to hit pulp about 7mm from line from B to L cusp tips** |
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What is the prevalence of MM canals in lower molars? |
46.2% of the 42/91 molars found to have MM canals, only 9.5% had a separate POE for MM. Azim AA, Deutsch AS, Solomon CS. Prevalence ofmiddle mesial canals in mandibular molars after guided troughing under highmagnification: an in vivoinvestigation. J Endod 2015; 41(2): 164-168 |
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What is the prevalence of C-shaped canals in Chinese populations? |
31.5% Yang ZP, Yang SF, Lin YL. C-shaped root canals in mandibular second molars in Chinese population. Endod 1999;25:268-71 |
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Molar furcation and pulpal floor accessory foramina.... Are they there?
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Max 1st: 36% Max 2nd: 12% Man 1st: 32% Man2nd: 24%
Vertucci, F.J. Anthony R.L. A scanning electron microscopic investigation of acessory foramina in the furcation and pulp chamber floor of molar teeth. Oral Surg 1986;62:319-26 Burch and Hulen 1974 said average 2.14 man molar and 2.51 in max molar furcation area. Also said 76% of molars had lateral canals in furcation area. |
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Mandibular molars... what do the M canals look like? |
50:50 Weine type II:III, Type II were more curvey on proximal view canal lengths equal about 80%, 20% MB longer by 0.75mm (Skidmore found 60% type III, 40% type II in mesial root, flipped for D roots. )-1st molars
Cunningham CJ, Senia ES. A three dimensional study of canal curvatures in the mesial roots of mandibular molars. J Endod 1992;18:294-300 |
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What did Skidmore AE, Bjorndal AM 1971 show that was interesting regarding number of canals in mandibular 1st molars? |
6.7% (of 45 1st molars tested) had only 2 canals! hmmm...... |
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Mandibular 1st molars.... What do the distal canals look like?
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If 2 canals...... about 40% type III (38.5%) 60% type II (61.5%) Skidmore AE, Bjorndal AM. Root canal morphology of the human mandibular first molar. Oral Surg 1971;32:778-84. |
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Mandibular premolars..... black vs white difference in number of canals.
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400 black pts, 400 white in study...... more than 1 canal Mandibular 1st premolar: 32.8% Black 13.7% White mandibular 2nd premolar 7.8% Black 2.8% White Blacks are about 2.5x more likely to have multiple canals in lower premolars than whites. Trope M, Elfenbein L, Tronstad L. Mandibular premolars with more than one root canal in different race groups. J Endodo 1986;12:343-5 |
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Mandibular 1st premolars.... canal configuration?
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1 canal= 76% (74% Vertucci 1 canal at apex) 2 canals =24% (25.5% Vertucci 2 canals at apex) Oval canals: 51% Round canals: 40% Bifurcations occured 50% of the time 6mm from CEJ. Baisden MK, Kulild JC, Weller RN. Root canal configuration of the mandibular first premolar. J Endod 1992; 18:505-8 |
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Mandibular 2nd Premolars.... What did Vertucci say?
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1 canal at apex 97.5% 2 canals at apex 2.5% 1st PM: 44.3% lateral canals @ apical 1/3 2nd PM: 48.3% lateral canals @apical 1/3 Vertucci FJ. Root canal morphology of mandibular premolars. J Am Dent Assoc 1978;97:47-50 |
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Mandibular incisors..... tell me about canal morphology.
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41.4% had 2 canals (only 1.3% had separate POE). Benjamin KA, Dowson J. Incidence of two root canals in human mandibular incisor teeth. Oral Surg 1974;28:122-6 |
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Mandibular canines! Canal morphology? |
16% of lower canines had Type II or III configurations. Vertucci FJ Root canal anatomy of the mandibular anterior teeth J Am Dent Assoc 1974;89:369-71 |
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Palatal root of maxillary molars.
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85% curve to buccal, 52.5% between 10-20 degree curve, 32.5% greater than 20 degrees. Difference between 1st and 2nd insignificant. Curve begins in coronal 1/2 of tooth. Bone J, Moule AJ. The nature of curvature of palatal canals in maxillary molar teeth. Int Endod J 1986;19:178-86 |
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Max molars.... MB canals.... |
90/81/33-1st molar 70/59/35-2nd molar MB2: 90% 1st molars, 81% separate orifice, 33% type III 70% 2nd molars, 59% separate orifice, 35% type III if canals join, 5.5mm from apex. orifice 2.3mm from MB1 in 1st molar, 2.06mm in second. Gilles J, Reader A. An SEM investigation of the mesiolingual canal in human maxillary 1st and 2nd molars. Oral Surg 1990;70:638-43
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number of canals in mandibular first molar |
2 canals: 7% 3 canals: 64% 4 canals: 29% 3 roots: 2% 3 roots in Chinese: 15%-WALKER Skidmore & Bjorndal (resin casts) |
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number of canals in mandibular 2nd molar |
1 canal: 1% 2 canals: 4% 3 canals: 81% 4 canals: 11% |
