Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Meninges
|
The three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord
|
|
Dura mater
|
Outer layer; the most resilient (tough mother). Contains the arteries and sinuses (venous drainage system) Dural fold give additional support to the brain
|
|
Falx Ceribri
|
Separates the cerebral hemispheres;
|
|
Tentorium Ceribelli
|
Spreads out like a tent; forms a partition between the cerebrum and cerebellum.
|
|
Falx Cerebelli
|
Separates cerebellar hemispheres
|
|
Subdural
|
Between the dura and arachnoid
|
|
Subarachnoid
|
Between the arachnoid and pia; Contains the Cerebrospinal fluid
|
|
Arachnoid Membrane
|
delicate, transparent membrane separated from the dura mater by subdural space
|
|
Pia mater
|
Delicate (tender mother); highly vascular layer that adheres closely to the contours of the brain
|
|
Ventricular system
|
Pathway for the circulation of the CSF throughout the CNS. Four fluid filled cavities deep in the brain. Lateral Ventricles, third and fourth ventricles
|
|
Right and Left lateral Ventricles
|
Two most superior cavities; lie within each cerebral hemisphere;
|
|
Septum Pellucidum
|
Separates, right and left ventricles by a thin partition. used to determine if the midline of the brain has shifted
|
|
Trigone (atria)
|
junction of the body, occipital and temporal horns forming a triangular area
|
|
Interventricular Foramen (Foramen of Monro)
|
Connects the lateral ventricles to the Third ventricle.
|
|
Third ventricle
|
thin slit-like structure; located midline just inferior to t he lateral ventricles
|
|
Lamina Terminalis
|
thin membrane which forms the anterior wall of the third ventricle
|
|
Cerebral Aqueduct (aqueduct of Sylvius)
|
long narrow passageway through which the third ventricle communicates with the fourth by transversing the posterior portion of the midbrain
|
|
Thalamus
|
forms the lateral walls of the third ventricle; regulation of consiousness, sleep aletness, spatial sense.; between the cerebral cortex and the midbrain; relay between the two
|
|
Superior and Inferior Medullary Velum
|
thin membrane; separates the fourth ventricle from the cerebellum
|
|
Foramen of Magendie
|
Major exit route for CSF passage; located in the posterior wall of the fourth ventricle, communication with the cisterna magna
|
|
Foramen of Luschka
|
Allows for passage of CSF between the ventricles and the subarachnoid space
|
|
Subarachnoid Space
|
narrow fluid filled space surrounding the brain and spinal cord
|
|
Basal cisterns (subarachnoidal)
|
combined term for the widened areas or pools of CSF around the base of the brain
|
|
Choroid Plexus
|
network of blood vessels which produces CSF; lines the floor of the lateral ventricles, roof of the third ventricle, and inferior medullary velum of the fourth ventricle.
|
|
Arachnoid villi
|
Excess CSF is reabsorbed in dural sinuses by way of these.
|
|
Cisterna magna
|
Located in the lower posterior fossa between the medulla oblongata, cerbellar hemispheres, and occipital bone; Continuous with the suarachnoid space of the spinal canal.
|
|
Cerebrum
|
Largest portion of the brain, divided into left and right cerebral hemispheres.
|
|
Gyri
|
Neutral tissue arranged in numerous folds
|
|
Sulci
|
Gyri separated by shallow grooves called...
|
|
Fissures
|
Deeper grooves in the brain
|
|
Central Sulcus
|
Main Sulcus; Divides the frontal and parietal lobes; separates the prefrontal and precentral gyrus
|
|
Precentral gyrus
|
Motorstrip of the brain
|
|
Postcentral gyrus
|
Sensory strip of the brain
|
|
Longitudinal Fissure
|
Deep long furrow that divides the left and right cerebral hemispheres; falx ceribri and superior sagittal sinus located in this fissure
|
|
Lateral Fissure
|
Deep furrow that separates the frontal and parietal lobes from the temporal lobe; numerous blood vessels, follow the course of the lateral fissure.
|
|
Suprasellar Cistern (chiasmatic)
|
Contains the optic chiasm and the Circle of Willis
|
|
Cerebellum
|
"the little brain" the coordinaiton center for motor functions. Executes through connection to the brainstem for maintenance of muscle tone, posture, and balance
|
|
Vermis
|
Midline structure Connects the two cerebellar hemispheres.
|
|
Cerebellar Hemispheres
|
Cerebellum consists of two lateral hemispheres.
|
|
Cerebellar tonsils
|
Inferior surface of the cerebellum
|
|
Cerebellar Peduncles
|
Three pairs of nerve fiber tracts connect the cerebellum to other parts of the brain
|
|
Superior cerebellar peduncles
|
Connect to the midbrain
|
|
Middle cerebellar peduncles
|
Connect to the pons
|
|
Inferior cerebellar peduncles
|
Connect to the Medulla Oblangata
|
|
Blood Brain Barrier (BBB)
|
Capillaries of the brain do not allow movement of certain molecules from their vascular compartment into the surrounding brain tissue.
|
|
Cerebral Vascular System
|
the walls and arteries of the brain are thin and weak making the brain vulnerable to aneurysms and strokes. Lack of valves allows blood to flow either way making it vulnerable to
|
|
Grey Matter
|
The cerebrum consists of ....(neuron cell bodies)
|
|
White Matter
|
(Myelinated axons)
|
|
Cerebral Cortex
|
The outermost portion of the cerebrum is composed of grey matter 3 to 5 mm thick.
Recieves and sends sensory inputand instructions to the muscles and glands for control of bodily movement and activity. |
|
Corpus Callosum
|
The largest and deepest bundle of white matter fibers within the cerebrum;
Forms the room of the lateral ventricles and connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres |
|
Rostrum, Genu, Body, Splenium
|
The four parts of the corpus callosum from anterior to posterior.
|
|
Anterior Commissure
|
The band of fibers connecting the parts of the two cerebral hemispheres.
|
|
Posterior Commissure
|
A large fiber bundle crossing from one side of the cerebrum to the other, dorsal to where the aqueduct opens into the third ventricle.
|