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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
which is not a function of the kidneys?
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storage of urine
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the largest amount of solute and water reabsorption from filtered fluid occurs in?
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proximal convoluted tubule
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the adult kidney has _ nephrons than a newborns.
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larger
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the _ do the primary work of the urinary system; other organs in the system transport or store urine.
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kidney
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the _ are individual functional units of the kidneys that actually form urine
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nephrons
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the _ is the part of the nephrons that allows formation of concentrated urine, even in absence of ADH or aldosterone.
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loop of henle
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the formation of filtrate occurs as water and solutes move from the _ to the glomerular capsule
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glomerular capillaries
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the total amount of filtrate formed in both kidneys each minute is the _
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glomerular filtration rate
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tubular_ returns water, glucose and other substances from the filtrate to the blood.
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reabsorption
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tubular _ moves materials from the tubular cells and blood into the tubular fluid.
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secretion
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the _ is a temporary reservoir for urine.
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bladder
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the _ drains urine from the urinary bladder; its longer in males than females
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urethra
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urine is concentrated in the loop of henle by the __ effect
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countercurrent
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the __ is sensitive to aldosterone
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distal convoluted tubule
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glucose is removed by filtrate in the __
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proximal tubule
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the __ transports urine from kindeys to the urinary bladder
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ureters.
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blood urea nitrogen and ___ are measured clinically as an index of renal function.
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plasma creatinine
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places in right order. 10collecting duct 2)descending loop of henle 3)ureters 4)glomerular capillaries 5)ascending loop of henle 6)bowmans capsule 7) DCT 8) PCT
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4,6,8,2,5,7,1,3
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the principal cells in tthe collecting ducts
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secrete variable amounts of potassium based on dietary intake
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each of the following can ordinarily cross the filtration membrane except.
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platlets
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which pressure opposes glomerular filtration?
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*capsular hydrostatic pressure
*bcop |
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autoregulation of the GFR occurs by two mechanisms which are:
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myogenic and tubuloglomerular feedback
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mechanisms that control glomerular filtration include
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renal autoreg, neural control, hormonal control, renin-angiotensis-aldosterone system.
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which of the following would be expected to increase GFR?
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decreased angiotensin II levels and increased ANP levels
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the intercalated cells in the collecting duct
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*regulate the amount og hydrogen ion secreted into the urine
*regulate pH by regulating reabsorption of bicarbonate ion |
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the collecting ducts
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are sensitive to antidiuretic hormone
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which part of the nephron contains Na-K-2Cl transporter?
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ascending loop of henle
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as tubular fluis flows up the ascending loop of hence
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its osmolarity decreases
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as tubular fluis flows down the descending loop of henle,
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the osmolarity increases
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which pressure promotes glomerular filtration?
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glomerular blood hydrostatic pressure
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the kidneys play a role in acid/base balance by
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excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate ions
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ADH
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increases water reabsorption in the collecting duct of the kidney
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which hormones promote fluid loss under normal conditions?
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atrial natriuretic peptide
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which of the following does NOT constitute as a buffer system in the human body?
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Na+/K+ ATPase
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the normal pH range for arterial blood is
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7.35-7.45
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which is NOT a major mechanism that regulates the pH of body fluid?
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excretion of Na+
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physiological buffers
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*prevent drastic ph changes, *include proteins such as clbumin and hemoglobin, * include phosphate and carbonic acid-bicarbonate systems
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metabolic acidosis is characterized by___
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decreased HCO3
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which of the following is conditions is associated with respiratory alkalosis
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hyperventilation
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a stressed out student takes antacids to clam her stomach, which will develop?
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metabolic alkalosis
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___ is characterized by and increased bicarbonate level
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respiratory alkalosis
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__ is characterized by decreased pCO2 and is caused by hyperventilation
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respiratory alkalosis
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___ is characterized by an elevated pCO2 and is caused by hypoventilation
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respiratory acidosis
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___ is characterized by decreased bicarbonate level
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metabolic acidosis
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and increase in the rate and depth of breathing causes more carbon dioxide to be exhaled which will __ the blood pH.
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Increase
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___ is the body's attempt to restore pH in an acid/base balance
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compensation
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a decrease in the rate and depth of breathing causes less CO2 to be exhaled which will ___ the blood pH
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decrease
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in response to decreased blood volume the hormone ___ stimulates the thirst center in the hypothalamus
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angiotensin II
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in response to increased blood volume the hormone ___ decreases sodium and water reabsorption
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atrial natriuretic peptide
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diuretics __ reabsorption of sodium and water
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decrease
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