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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is Histology?
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The study of Biology or tissues
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What is tissue?
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A group of similar cells that perform a common function.
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What supports the body and its parts, to connect and hold them together, to transport substances through the body, and to protect it from foreign invaders?
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Connective Tissue
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What is an example of Connective Tissue would be what?
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Blood
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What produces movement, moves the body and it's parts, Muscle cells are specialized for contractility and produce movement by the shortening of contractile units found in the cytoplasm?
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Muscle Tissue
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What covers and protects the body surface, lines the body cavities, specializes in moving substances into and out of the blood, and forms many glands?
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Epithelial Tissue
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What is the most complex tissue in the body, that specializes in communication between the various parts of the body and in integration of their activities. The major function is the generation of complex messages for the coordination of body functions?
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Nervous Tissue
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What are the 6 functions of Epithelial Tissue?
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Protection
Sensory Secretion Absorption Excretion "removal of waste products" Filtration "lining of lungs" |
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What must be present for regeneration of Epithelial Tissue?
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The Basement Membrane must be present.
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What contains no blood vessels; hence oxygen and nutrients must diffuse from capillaries in the underlying connective tissue through the permeable basement membrane to reach living epithelial cells?
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Avascular
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What is Flat and Plate like?
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Squamous Tissue
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What is cube shaped and has more cytoplasm than the scale like squamous cells?
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Cuboidal Tissue
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what is higher then they are wide and appear narrow and cylindrical?
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Columnar Tissue
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what is one layer of oddly shaped columnar cells? Not all layers touch the top. Also has cilia present.
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Pseudo-stratified Columnar
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What is a single layer of cells called?
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A Simple Layer
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What is layers on top of one another?
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Stratified Layer
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What is arrangement of differing cell shape in a stratified or layered epithelial sheet? In a relaxed state they are layered but can look a single layer when stretched?
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Transitional Layer
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When is classification complete?
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It is complete when based on cell shape and layers.
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Is an arrangement of epithelial cells in a single layer. Substances can readily *diffuse, or *filtration through this type of tissue, *lungs, *lining of blood and *lymphatic vessels.
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Simple Squamous Epithelium
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1 Layer of cuboidal found in glands and their ducts. Function: secretion and absorption.
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Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
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1 Layer of columnar, on the surface of the mucous membrane that lines the *stomach, *Intestine, & *respiratory track. Many have goblet cells, cilia, and microvilli. Note the goblet, or mucous producing cell is present.
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Simple Columnar Epithelium
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What are multiple layers of cells with typical squamous cells that have keratin to protect the skin. This is skin, note that outer surface of epithelial contains many flattened cells, which have lost their nuclei.
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Stratified Squamous Epithelium (keratinized)
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What is specialized for secretory activity? Also, they can function singularly or as a group cluster.
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Glandular Epithelium
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What is a Unicellular Glands?
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Single Layer. Example: Goblet Cell
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What is Multi-Cellular Glands?
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Clusters or Multi Layer
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What do the Endocrine Glands do?
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Discharge their secretion produce hormones *directly into the blood. (Ductless) Pituitary, thyroid, lymph nodes, and adrenal glands are endocrine.
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What are the functions of connective tissues?
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Binds Tissue Together
Supports Physical Protection Immune Protection Fluid Movement Fill Spaces and Repair |
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What is the most widespread tissues that are found in or around every organ of the body?
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Connective Tissue
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Connective tissue that is loose, adipose, reticular, and dense.
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Fibrous
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Under skin, large storage spaces for fat inside the adipose tissue cells.
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Adipose (fat)
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Bone marrow filtration, spleen, lymph nodes. Note the black stained spleen tissue.
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Reticular
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Connects muscle to bone.
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Dense Tendons
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Connects bone to bone. Bundles of collagenous fibers arranged in parallel rows.
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Ligaments
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Osseous tissue is also called what?
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Bone or Skeleton
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One cell type (chondrocyte) avascular lacking red blood vessels.
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Cartilage
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What is part of nasal septum and covering the articular surfaces of bones that articulate at joints also called articular cartilage or larnyx?
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Hyaline
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What are disks between vertebra, and knee joint?
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Fibrocartilage
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External ear and Eustachian tube
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Elastic
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Where is blood?
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Blood is in the blood vessels.
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What is the process of blood formation in red bone marrow or bones and other tissue?
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Hematopoiesis
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Whole blood is divided into what?
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Plasma, Erythrocytes, Leukocytes, and Thrombocytes (plasma T.E.L.
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Red blood cells which have no nuclei, transport oxygen to all the tissues in the body. (Respiratory Gases)
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Erythrocytes
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White blood cells, are phagocytic to particular substances at sites of infection or injury. (Neutrophil and Eosinophil)
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Leukocytes
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A water substance that transports nutrients and waste products, regulates the PH of body fluids, and helps maintain body temperature.
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Plasma
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What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?
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Smooth
Skeletal Cardiac |
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Striated voluntary muscle. Muscle contraction to move a bone. The tissue attaches to tendons which are attached to bones. **NOTE The Striations of the muscle cell fibers in longitudinal section.
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Skeletal Muscle Tissue
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Involuntary contraction, found in the digestive system and blood vessels. One nucleus per cell makes up walls of visera.
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Smooth Muscle Tissue
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Heart muscle, cross striation, with a intercalated disk in between each cell. Does not attach to bone, function involuntary. Involuntary smooth muscle.
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Cardiac Muscle Tissue
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What is a Neuron?
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A nerve cell that conducts units.
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What are the names of 2 neurons?
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Axon
Dendrites |
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Transmits nerve impulses away from the cell.
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Axon
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Carries nerve signals toward the Axon
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Dendrites
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Covers the body surfaces that is exposed to the external environment the skin.
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Cutaneous Membranes
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Lines cavities that are not open to the external environment and covers many of the organs inside these cavities, composed of two layers.
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Serous Membrane
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Lines the wall of cavity, like a wallpaper on the abdomen.
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Parietal Membrane
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Covers the surface of organ within the cavity
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Visceral Membrane
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Has no Epithelial cells present
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Connective Tissue Membranes
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