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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Abdominal Cavity
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The body cavity between the diaphragm and pelivic brim.
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Celiac
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Pertaining to the abdomen.
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Anatomical Position
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A reference posture that allows for standardized anatomical terminology.
A subject in anatomical position is standing with feet flat on the floor and slightly apart, arms down to the sides, and the palms and eyes directed forward. |
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Lateral
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Away from the midline of an organ or midsagittal plane of the body. Toward the side.
Compare medial |
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Midsagittal Plane
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The plane that divides the body into equal right and left halves.
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Appendicular
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Pertaining to the extremeties and their supporting skeletal girdles.
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Organ
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Any anatomical structure that is composed of at least 2 tissue types, had recognizable structural boundries, and has a discrete function different from the structures around it.
Many organs are microscopic and many organs contain smaller organs, such as the skin containing numerous microscopic sense organs. |
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Crural
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Pertaining to the leg proper or to the crus of an organ.
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Parietal
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Pertaining to a wall, as in the parietal sells of the gastric glands and the parietal bone of the skull.
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Physiology
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The functional processes of the body
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Evolution
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A change in the relative frequencies of alleles in a population over a perious of time.
The mechanism that produces adaptations in human form and function. |
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Proximal
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Relatively near a point of origin or attachment
Ex: the shoulder is proximal to the elbow Compare to distal |
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Receptor
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A cell or organ specialized to detect a stimulus, such as a taste cell or the eye.
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Serous Membrane
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A membrane that lines a body cavity or covers the external surfaces of the viscera. Composed of a simple squamous mesothelium and a thin layer of areolar connective tissue.
Ex: the peritoneum, pleura, or pericardium |
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Bipedalism
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The habit of walking on two legs
Defining characteristic of the family hominidae that underlies many skeletal and other characteristics of humans. |
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Adaptation
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An evolutionary process leading to the establishment of species characteristics that favor survival and reproduction.
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Peritoneum
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A serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity of the abdomen and covers the mesenteries and viscera.
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Central
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Located relatively close to the body. Opposite of peripheral
Ex: Central Nervous System |
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Negative Feedback
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A self-corrective mechanism that underlies most homeostasis, in which a bodily change is detected and responses are activated that reverse the change.
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Cell
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The smallest subdivision of a tissue considered to be alive. Consists of a plasma membrane enclosing cytoplasm and, in most cases, a nucleus.
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Cytology
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The study of cell structure and function.
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Differentiation
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Development of a relatively unspecialized cell into one with a more specific structure and function.
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Dynamic Equilibrium
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A state of contiual change that is controlled within narrow limits.
Ex: Homeostasis and chemical equilibrium |
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Axial
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Pertaining to the head, neck, and trunk. The part of the body excluding the appendiculat portion.
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Peripheral
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Away from the center of the body or of an organ.
Ex: Peripheral vision and peripheral blood vessels |
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Position Emission Tomography (PET)
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A method of producing a computerized image of the physiological state of a tissue using injected radioisotopes that emit positrons.
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Sagittal Plane
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Any plane that extends from ventral to dorsal and cephalic to caudal, dividing the body into right and left portions.
Compare midsagittal plane |
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Peritoneum
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A serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity of the abdomen and covers the mesenteries and viscera.
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Hypothesis
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An informed conjecture about a phenomenon that is capable of being tested and potentially falsifies by experimentation or data collection.
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In Situ
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In the normal anatomical location.
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Pleura
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A double-walled serous membrane that encloses each lung.
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Superficial
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Relatively close to the surface. Opposite of deep.
Ex: the ribs are superficial to the lungs |
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Trunk
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That part of the body excluding the head, neck, and appendages.
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Theory
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An explanatory statement, or set of statements, that concisely summarizes the state of knowledge on a phenomenon and provides direction for further study.
Ex: The fluid mosaic theory of the plasma membrane and the sliding filament theory of mescle contraction. |
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Vasodialation
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The widening of a blood vessel due to relaxation of the muscle of its tunica media and the outward pressure of the blood exerted against the wall.
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Viscera
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The organs contained in the dorsal and ventral body cavities, such as the brain, heart, lungs, stomach, intestines, and kidneys.
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X Ray
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A high-energy, penetrating electromagnetic ray with wavelengths in the range of 0.1 to 10 nm.
Used in diagnosis and therapy |
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Vasoconstriction
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The narrowing of a blood vessel due to muscular constriction of its tunica media.
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Crus
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The leg proper.
The region from the knee to the ankle. |
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Mediastinum
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The thick medial partition of the thoracic cavity that separates one pleural cavity from the other and contains the heart, great blood vessels, and the thymus.
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Anatomy
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Structure of the body.
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Mesentery
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A serous membrane that binds the intestines together and suspends the from the abdominal wall. The visceral continuation of the peritoneum.
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Computerized Tomography
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A method of medical imaging that uses Xrays and a computer to create an image of a thin section of the body.
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Inguinal
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Pertaining to the groin.
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Frontal Plane
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An anatomical plane that passes through the body or an organ from right to left and superior to inferior.
Also called a coronal plane. |
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Antebrachium
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The region from elbow to wrist. The forearm.
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Deep
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Relatively far from the body surface. Opposite of superficial.
Ex: the bones are deep to the skeletal muscles. |
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Body
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The entire organism.
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Human
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Any species of primate classified in the family hominidae, characterized by bipedal locomotion, relatively large brains, and usually articulate speech.
Currently represented only by homo sapiens, but including extinct species of homo and australopithecus. |
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Stimulus
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A chemical or physical agent in a cell's surroundings that is capable of creating a physiological repsonse in the cell.
Especially agents detected by sensory cells, such as chemicals, light, and pressure. |