Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Why are amino acids necessary?
|
Amino Acids make Proteins, which are the main N source
|
|
|
How much Nitrogen is needed a day for protein synthesis?
|
.5 lb
|
|
|
What causes Kwashiorkor?
|
A Protein Deficiency.
Symptoms: Swollen Belly |
|
|
What causes Marasmus?
|
A caloric defiency; symptoms of Kwas. also evident
|
|
|
What is the function of urease?
|
Reconverts urea to Co2 and NH3; mammals lack this enzyme
|
|
|
What enzyme is typically not found in blood plasma?
|
Cysteine; Cystine forms instead
|
|
|
Which amino acid is needed in infants but not at all needed for adults?
|
Histidine
|
|
|
What are the essential amino acids?
|
Valine Leucine Isoleucine Tyrosine Tryptophan Methionine Phenylalanine Histidine
|
|
|
What "problem" was involved regarding Histidine as an essential acid?
|
Histidine is not needed for individual cells but overall is needed
|
|
|
What problem was involved regarding arginine as a nonessential amino acid?
|
Arginine is synthesized in the body; arginase breaks it down in the liver-->some arginine must be ingested
|
|
|
How is carnosine formed?
|
B-alanine and histidine condense; ATP required rxn where ATP --> AMP + PPi
|
|
|
How can carnosine be broken down?
|
H20-->back to B-alanine + Histidine; ATP formed
|
|
|
Which amino acids are toxic?
|
Cysteine; forms Cystine-->kidney stones
|
|
|
How is the nitrogen balance in non-growing individuals?
|
Balanced: ingested= excreted
Positive: ingested > excreted Negative: ingested < excreted |
|
|
Which 2 amino acids cannot form a-keto analogs to be converted to amino acids?
|
lysine and threonine
|
|
|
What is Taurine formed from?
|
L-Cysteine
|
|
|
What functional groups does Taurine possess?
|
Sulfuric Acid & Amino Group
|
|
|
What is Taurine used for?
|
Bile Salt; Neurotransmitter
|
|
|
What stereoisomeric form of amino acid is used for protein synthesis?
|
L-amino acids
|
|
|
What is the function of D-amino acid oxidases?
|
Can oxidize d-amino acids to a-KG analog, which can eventually be reduced to L-amino acid
|
