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643 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Result of insufficient pressure when making a wood joint |
Thick glue lines resulting in weak joints |
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Why does the strength of a scarf joint depend upon accuracy of two beveled surfaces |
Inaccurate bevel reduces amount of effective glue area |
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What area of wood spar may not be spliced? |
Under wing attachments, engine mount or landing gear fittings, lift and inter plane strut fittings. |
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Determines required quality and strength of fabric to be used in covering aircraft? |
Pounds per sq foot loading and never exceed airspeed of the aircraft |
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When are anti tear strips recommend and where aRe they located |
Used in aircraft never exceed speeds in excess of 250mph. Installed over the ribs under the reinforcing tape |
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Maximum permissible deterioration of aircraft fabric before it is considered unairworthy? |
When it deteriorates more than 30 percent of original tensile strength |
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Maximum permissible deterioration of aircraft fabric before it is considered unairworthy? |
When it deteriorates more than 30 percent of original tensile strength |
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What should be the strength of the fabric used for re covering aircraft |
Surface, reinforcing tape thread and lacing chord should be of high grade aircraft textile material as good a quality and equivalent strength of those used by the manufacture. |
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Maximum permissible deterioration of aircraft fabric before it is considered unairworthy? |
When it deteriorates more than 30 percent of original tensile strength |
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What should be the strength of the fabric used for re covering aircraft |
Surface, reinforcing tape thread and lacing chord should be of high grade aircraft textile material as good a quality and equivalent strength of those used by the manufacture. |
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Purpose, location and method of installing drain grommets in aircraft fabric? |
Brass or plastic grommets are located in underside of airfoils, trailing edge as close to the rib as practical and lowest point along center of each fuselage bay, allow condensed moisture to leave fabric and for ventilation. Brass mounted on fabric patches . Plastic are dopped directly to covering. Both get second coat and holes cut after drying |
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Purpose of reinforcing tape |
Cover rib stitching to prevent sticking cord from cutting through the fabric |
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What fabric not affected by moisture, mildew, chemicals or most acids |
Fiberglass fabric |
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Methods used to check strength of doped fabric |
Fabric punch tester, if that indicates strength is marginal lab test should be done |
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Type of machine sewed seams used in aircraft covering? |
Plain overlap, folded fell, French fell seams |
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Original rib stitch spacing can’t be determined.. What so spacing should be used |
Rib stitch spacing chart in Ac 43.13 1b |
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Standard tie off knot used during rib stitching |
Modified seine knot used to tie off all stitches except starting stitch |
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Standard tie off knot used during rib stitching |
Modified seine knot used to tie off all stitches except starting stitch |
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Types of fabrics used for covering aircraft are organic and synthetic. Name two of each |
Cotton, linen Nylon, Dacron |
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When covering aircraft where is surface tape used? |
Sewed seams, lapped edges, rib stitching and screws must be covered with pinked edged surface tape |
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When covering aircraft where is surface tape used? |
Sewed seams, lapped edges, rib stitching and screws must be covered with pinked edged surface tape |
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Advantages of using envelope method to cover fabric? |
Saves labor because machines do the sewing |
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When covering aircraft where is surface tape used? |
Sewed seams, lapped edges, rib stitching and screws must be covered with pinked edged surface tape |
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Advantages of using envelope method to cover fabric? |
Saves labor because machines do the sewing |
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Type of test performed to identify existing paint finishes |
Coat engine oil on small area. Nitrocellulose will soften but acrylic and epoxy show no effect. If not identified wipe small area with mek. Mek will pick up pigment from acrylic if no affect it’s epoxy |
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What causes blushing when applying dope of lacquer? How can it be prevented? |
Humid conditions. Heat room to decrease humidity or use blush retarding thinner |
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Purpose of using fungicidal dope when finishing aircraft fabric |
Prevent rotting of fabric |
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3 types of dope used for aircraft finishes |
Clear semi pigmented and pigmented |
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What would happen if dope was ever used over paint or enamel |
Tendency to lift and remove such materials |
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What’s applied to meta is surfaces as a common resistant covering before application of enamel or lacquer |
Zinc checkmate primer |
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Common methods of applying aircraft finishes |
Dipping, brushing, spraying |
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Normally cause of runs and sags in spray paint |
Holding gun to long in one place |
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Cause of orange peel or pebble finish |
Incorrect spray gun setting, air pressure setting, paint viscosity or holding the gun to far from work |
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Used to thin chromate primer |
Toluene |
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Which federal regulation prescribes the size and location requirements for aircraft identification numbers |
Far part 45 |
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Which federal regulation prescribes the size and location requirements for aircraft identification numbers |
Far part 45 |
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What Type of materials should be thoroughly protected when using paint remover? |
Synthetic Rubber, tires, fabric and acrylic |
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What is the grip length of a rivet? |
Is the combined thickness of the materials to be joined by the rivet |
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Where are special rivets, such as huck or cherry lock rivets used |
Places where acces to both sides of rivet aren’t permissible or limited space for a bucking bar |
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Type of materials used in honeycomb construction |
Stainless steel, titanium, magnesium, plywood, resin inpregnatedbpaper, glass |
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What is a joggle |
Offset firmed on an angle to allow clearance for a sheet or extrusion |
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What are several methods for forming sheet metal? |
Folding, bumping, crimping, shrinking, stretching |
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What may cause plastic to craze |
Subjecting plastic to large stresses and exposure to harmful solvents |
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Describe the anodizing process and purpose |
Alliminim alloys placed in a electrolytic bath which causes thin film or hydroxide on the surface. Provides corrosion resistance also excellent bond for paint |
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When inspecting plexiglass, what should you look for |
Crazing and discoloration |
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What causes honeycomb construction to delam |
Moisture |
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What are acceptable repair methods for a bonded honeycomb structure that’s been damaged |
Two acceptable methods.. potted repair method(used in core material). Laminated glass fabric( damaged skin) |
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Why must all flux be removed from metal after welding magnesium? |
Any left will cause corrosion |
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What must be done to successfully weld titanium |
Weld zone must be shielded with an inert gas such as helium or argon |
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What must be done to successfully weld titanium |
Weld zone must be shielded with an inert gas such as helium or argon |
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What is gas arc welding |
Used as a covering shield around the arc to prevent atmospheric contamination |
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Advantages of gas shielded arc welding |
Stronger, more ductile, more corrosion resistant weld |
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Advantages of gas shielded arc welding |
Stronger, more ductile, more corrosion resistant weld |
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Advantage of electric arc welding over gas welding |
Causes less buckling and warping of welded material |
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What determines amount of heat that will be applied to the work when welding by oxy actelyne method |
Torch tips orifice size or diameter |
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What’s the result of using a torch tip that is to large or too small? |
To large- burns holes in the metal To small- heat will be insufficient to produce penetration to the proper depth(cold weld) |
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What is one method of controlling expansion when welding a joint? |
Tack welding at intervals along the joint |
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Why is it desirable to use a soft flame when welding aluminum? |
Avoid blowing holes in the metal when a puddle is formed |
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What is the maximum safe pressure for acetlyne |
15psi out of the tank 5psi out of the tip |
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How can dents at a steel cluster joint be repaired |
Weld a specially formed steel patch over the dented area and surrounding tubes |
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How can dents at a steel cluster joint be repaired |
Weld a specially formed steel patch over the dented area and surrounding tubes |
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Flame used when silver soldering |
Flame should be neutral |
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Procedures for preparing a metal fuel tank for welding |
Interior of the tank washed with hot water and detergent, then steamed for a minimum of thirty minutes, then fill tank with co2 and seal the tank except for a vent hole |
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Procedures for preparing a metal fuel tank for welding |
Interior of the tank washed with hot water and detergent, then steamed for a minimum of thirty minutes, then fill tank with co2 and seal the tank except for a vent hole |
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When splicing tubing by the inner sleeve method, what method can be used to insert a tight fitting inner sleeve into replacement tube |
Chilled with dry ice or iced cold water |
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3 types of commonly used flight control systems |
Cable, push pull and torque tube system |
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What’s used in large metal aircraft to control cable tension? |
Cable tension regulator |
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What’s used in large metal aircraft to control cable tension? |
Cable tension regulator |
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What is a fair lead |
Cable guid used to guide cables in a straight line through or between structural members. Should never deflect alignments more that 3 degrees from a straight line |
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What’s used in large metal aircraft to control cable tension? |
Cable tension regulator |
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What is a fair lead |
Cable guid used to guide cables in a straight line through or between structural members. Should never deflect alignments more that 3 degrees from a straight line |
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Where does breakage I’d control cables occcur frequently |
Where cables pass over pulleys and through fairleads |
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What’s used in large metal aircraft to control cable tension? |
Cable tension regulator |
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What is a fair lead |
Cable guid used to guide cables in a straight line through or between structural members. Should never deflect alignments more that 3 degrees from a straight line |
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Where does breakage I’d control cables occcur frequently |
Where cables pass over pulleys and through fairleads |
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Which flight control surfaces are considered primary |
Elevator, ailerons, rudders |
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What’s used in large metal aircraft to control cable tension? |
Cable tension regulator |
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What is a fair lead |
Cable guid used to guide cables in a straight line through or between structural members. Should never deflect alignments more that 3 degrees from a straight line |
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Where does breakage I’d control cables occcur frequently |
Where cables pass over pulleys and through fairleads |
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Which flight control surfaces are considered primary |
Elevator, ailerons, rudders |
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Secondary group flight controls |
Trim tabs and spring tabs |
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Flight controls included in auxiliary group? |
Wing flaps, speed brakes, spoilers, slats, leading edge |
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Purpose of collective pitch control in a helicopter |
Change the lift of the main rotor(pitch) |
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Purpose of collective pitch control in a helicopter |
Change the lift of the main rotor(pitch) |
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What unit on a helo is used to compensate for torque created by the main rotor? |
Tail rotor |
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Purpose of collective pitch control in a helicopter |
Change the lift of the main rotor(pitch) |
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What unit on a helo is used to compensate for torque created by the main rotor? |
Tail rotor |
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What control operates the helicopter tail rotor |
Rudder pedals( anti torque pedals) |
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Purpose of collective pitch control in a helicopter |
Change the lift of the main rotor(pitch) |
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What unit on a helo is used to compensate for torque created by the main rotor? |
Tail rotor |
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What control operates the helicopter tail rotor |
Rudder pedals( anti torque pedals) |
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The three axis of an aircraft and which control surfaces cause aircraft to move about those axis |
Longitudinal- ailerons(roll Vertical- rudders (yaw) Lateral- elevator ( pitch) |
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Purpose of collective pitch control in a helicopter |
Change the lift of the main rotor(pitch) |
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What unit on a helo is used to compensate for torque created by the main rotor? |
Tail rotor |
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What control operates the helicopter tail rotor |
Rudder pedals( anti torque pedals) |
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The three axis of an aircraft and which control surfaces cause aircraft to move about those axis |
Longitudinal- ailerons(roll Vertical- rudders (yaw) Lateral- elevator ( pitch) |
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What reference publications should be used to rig aircraft, including control systems? |
Aircraft spec, tcds, maintenance manual issued by manufacturer |
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What the vortex generators? |
Small low aspect ratio air fools mounted on upper surface of wings. Function is to dampen shock induced separation |
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Factors used to determine proper cable tension? |
Size of cable and outside temperature |
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What needs to be done to prepare aircraft for inspection |
Engine should be cleaned, remove or open all inspection plates, acces doors, fairing and cowling |
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Difference between annual and 100 hr? |
Except for time difference nothing. |
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Checklist for a 100 hour inspection? |
Far part 43 appendix d |
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Checklist for a 100 hour inspection? |
Far part 43 appendix d |
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Where would you find the recommended systems for recording the approval or disapproval for return to service of an aircraft after a 100 hour inspection? |
Far part 43 |
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Checklist for a 100 hour inspection? |
Far part 43 appendix d |
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Where would you find the recommended systems for recording the approval or disapproval for return to service of an aircraft after a 100 hour inspection? |
Far part 43 |
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Who can approve a aircraft for return to service after a progressive inspection |
Certified mechanic holding an inspection Authorization, aircraft manufacturer, certified repair station |
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Checklist for a 100 hour inspection? |
Far part 43 appendix d |
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Where would you find the recommended systems for recording the approval or disapproval for return to service of an aircraft after a 100 hour inspection? |
Far part 43 |
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Who can approve a aircraft for return to service after a progressive inspection |
Certified mechanic holding an inspection Authorization, aircraft manufacturer, certified repair station |
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Does aircraft operated under progressive inspection require a 100 hour if it is used to give flight instruction for hire |
No |
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Checklist for a 100 hour inspection? |
Far part 43 appendix d |
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Where would you find the recommended systems for recording the approval or disapproval for return to service of an aircraft after a 100 hour inspection? |
Far part 43 |
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Who can approve a aircraft for return to service after a progressive inspection |
Certified mechanic holding an inspection Authorization, aircraft manufacturer, certified repair station |
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Does aircraft operated under progressive inspection require a 100 hour if it is used to give flight instruction for hire |
No |
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What are the privileges of a certified mechanic with regard to props? |
Certified power plant mechanic can make Minor repair and alterations only |
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Checklist for a 100 hour inspection? |
Far part 43 appendix d |
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Where would you find the recommended systems for recording the approval or disapproval for return to service of an aircraft after a 100 hour inspection? |
Far part 43 |
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Who can approve a aircraft for return to service after a progressive inspection |
Certified mechanic holding an inspection Authorization, aircraft manufacturer, certified repair station |
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Does aircraft operated under progressive inspection require a 100 hour if it is used to give flight instruction for hire |
No |
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What are the privileges of a certified mechanic with regard to props? |
Certified power plant mechanic can make Minor repair and alterations only |
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Max time a 100 hour inspection may be extended? |
Not more than 10 hours |
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Two sources of power used to extend and retract landing gear |
Electrical and hydraulic |
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Two sources of power used to extend and retract landing gear |
Electrical and hydraulic |
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When should landing gear retraction checks be accomplished? |
During annuals, after replacing landing gear components and after hard landing |
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Two sources of power used to extend and retract landing gear |
Electrical and hydraulic |
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When should landing gear retraction checks be accomplished? |
During annuals, after replacing landing gear components and after hard landing |
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What’s used to inflate oleo strut type landing gear shock |
High pressure source of dry air or nitrogen |
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Two sources of power used to extend and retract landing gear |
Electrical and hydraulic |
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When should landing gear retraction checks be accomplished? |
During annuals, after replacing landing gear components and after hard landing |
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What’s used to inflate oleo strut type landing gear shock |
High pressure source of dry air or nitrogen |
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Where would you look to find proper tire inflation info |
Factors include tire size, outside air temp and weight of air craft but use Aircraft operation manual or maintenance manual in special tire info pressure charts based on gross weight |
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Two sources of power used to extend and retract landing gear |
Electrical and hydraulic |
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When should landing gear retraction checks be accomplished? |
During annuals, after replacing landing gear components and after hard landing |
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What’s used to inflate oleo strut type landing gear shock |
High pressure source of dry air or nitrogen |
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Where would you look to find proper tire inflation info |
Factors include tire size, outside air temp and weight of air craft but use Aircraft operation manual or maintenance manual in special tire info pressure charts based on gross weight |
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Purpose of hydraulic shimmy damper? |
Prevent miss wheel vibration or shimmy during taxi, landing or takeoff |
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Type of care given to landing gear shock struts |
Inspected regularly for leakage of fluid and proper extension. Exposed portion should be wiped clean daily and inspected |
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Effect of under inflated tires |
More likely to creep or skip when landing or applying brakes. Rapid or uneven wear near edges of tread |
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Effect of under inflated tires |
More likely to creep or skip when landing or applying brakes. Rapid or uneven wear near edges of tread |
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Purpose of rubber packing mounted in the mating surface of outer wheel half of a split typenwheel |
Prevent air leakage from tubeless tire used with this wheel |
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Component in the landing gear system that keeps landing gear in alignment |
Landing gear torque links |
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What is used to prevent a nose fear from being retracted with the wheel out of the center position? |
Centering devices, such as internal centering cam or an external track, that straightens the Bose wheel before it enter the wheel well |
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What is used to prevent a nose fear from being retracted with the wheel out of the center position? |
Centering devices, such as internal centering cam or an external track, that straightens the Bose wheel before it enter the wheel well |
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What’s the purpose of the fusible plug in some aircraft wheels? |
It melts at specific elevated temps and relieve air pressure to prevent the tire from blowing out or breaking the wheel |
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Two methods of bleeding brakes |
Gravity and pressure method |
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When inspecting breaks what do you look for |
-Check for leaks while system is pressurized -check flex hoses for swelling, cracking, or soft spots - check the brake pedals for spongy action ( this is an indication of air in the system) |
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When inspecting breaks what do you look for |
-Check for leaks while system is pressurized -check flex hoses for swelling, cracking, or soft spots - check the brake pedals for spongy action ( this is an indication of air in the system) |
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What do you watch for when disassembling an oleo strut |
Pressure discharge |
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What are the three types of hydraulic fluid currently being used in civil aircraft? |
Vegetable based(blue), mineral based (red), phosphate ester based (purple) aka skydrol 500 |
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What are the three types of hydraulic fluid currently being used in civil aircraft? |
Vegetable based(blue), mineral based (red), phosphate ester based (purple) aka skydrol 500 |
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How do you determine which type of hydraulic fluid to use in a specific system? |
Specified in the aircraft maintenance manual or on the instruction plate attached to the reservoir |
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What will happen to the seals in a vegetable based hydraulic system if it is serviced with mineral or phosphate ester based fluid? |
Seals will swell, break down and block the system |
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What will happen to the seals in a vegetable based hydraulic system if it is serviced with mineral or phosphate ester based fluid? |
Seals will swell, break down and block the system |
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When hydraulic lines have been disconnected, what precautions should be taken to prevent contamination to the system |
All hydraulic lines and fittings should be capped or plugged immediately after disconnecting |
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What happens to the hydraulic fluid flow if the filter element becomes clogged with foreign matter? |
There is a bypass valve which routes the hydraulic fluid directly from the inlet port to the outlet port |
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What happens to the hydraulic fluid flow if the filter element becomes clogged with foreign matter? |
There is a bypass valve which routes the hydraulic fluid directly from the inlet port to the outlet port |
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Why are some hydro reservoirs pressurized? |
Ensure a positive flow of fluid to the engine driven pump at high altitudes |
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Methods are used to pressurize hydraulic reservoirs? |
Air pressure directly from the aircraft cabin pressurization system or from the engine compressor in turbine powered aircraft. Another method is an aspirator or Venturi tee |
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Purpose of a pressure relief valve in a hydraulic system? |
Limit the amount of pressure in the system. In effect a system safety valve |
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Purpose of a pressure relief valve in a hydraulic system? |
Limit the amount of pressure in the system. In effect a system safety valve |
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What are pneumatic systems used for in aircraft? |
Used to operate brakes, opening and closing doors, starting, pump driving and operating emergency devices |
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Why should a pneumatic system be purged periodically |
Remove contamination, moisture or oil from the components and lines |
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Principal control unit in a cabin pressurization system |
Cabin outflow valve |
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What control changes the position of the outflow valve |
Pressurization controller |
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What control changes the position of the outflow valve |
Pressurization controller |
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What are two groups of independent cabin compressors? |
Positive displacement compressors and centrifugal compressors |
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What method is used by turbine powered aircraft for pressurization |
Bleed air from the engine compressor |
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What is the function of ventilating air in a combustion heater |
Carry the heat to places where it is needed |
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What is the function of ventilating air in a combustion heater |
Carry the heat to places where it is needed |
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What are sources for ventilating air |
A blower for air circulation and heater operation on the ground and a ram air inlet or the cabin compressors on pressurized aircraft |
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What is the function of ventilating air in a combustion heater |
Carry the heat to places where it is needed |
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What are sources for ventilating air |
A blower for air circulation and heater operation on the ground and a ram air inlet or the cabin compressors on pressurized aircraft |
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Components in a vapor cycle cooling system |
Compressor, condenser, expansion valve, evaporator |
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How do you determine the liquid Level in a vapor cycle system |
Operate system for 5 minutes to reach a stable condition and observe the flow of Freon.steady flow indicates sufficient charge. If low, bubbles will appear in the sightglass |
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What is done if an oxygen system has been depleted or moisture has been detected and not recharged within two hours |
Purged with dry nitrogen or dry air and oxygen |
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How are high pressure and low pressure oxygen cylinders identified? |
High pressure (1800-1850) are green and have the word “aviators breathing oxygen” in white. Low press(400-425) are light yellow |
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How are high pressure and low pressure oxygen cylinders identified? |
High pressure (1800-1850) are green and have the word “aviators breathing oxygen” in white. Low press(400-425) are light yellow |
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What three flight instruments are normally operated from the pitot static system? |
Airspeed indicator, altimeter indicator, vertical speed indicator |
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How are high pressure and low pressure oxygen cylinders identified? |
High pressure (1800-1850) are green and have the word “aviators breathing oxygen” in white. Low press(400-425) are light yellow |
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What three flight instruments are normally operated from the pitot static system? |
Airspeed indicator, altimeter indicator, vertical speed indicator |
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What’s required after replacement of components connected to the pitot static system |
Leak test |
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How are high pressure and low pressure oxygen cylinders identified? |
High pressure (1800-1850) are green and have the word “aviators breathing oxygen” in white. Low press(400-425) are light yellow |
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What three flight instruments are normally operated from the pitot static system? |
Airspeed indicator, altimeter indicator, vertical speed indicator |
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What’s required after replacement of components connected to the pitot static system |
Leak test |
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What are the Sources of power to gyroscopic instrument operation |
Operates by vacuum, electricity or air pressure |
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How are high pressure and low pressure oxygen cylinders identified? |
High pressure (1800-1850) are green and have the word “aviators breathing oxygen” in white. Low press(400-425) are light yellow |
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What three flight instruments are normally operated from the pitot static system? |
Airspeed indicator, altimeter indicator, vertical speed indicator |
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What’s required after replacement of components connected to the pitot static system |
Leak test |
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What are the Sources of power to gyroscopic instrument operation |
Operates by vacuum, electricity or air pressure |
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What’s used as a guide for range marking of aircraft instruments? |
Outer edge of the cover glass over the calibrations on the dial face |
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How are high pressure and low pressure oxygen cylinders identified? |
High pressure (1800-1850) are green and have the word “aviators breathing oxygen” in white. Low press(400-425) are light yellow |
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What three flight instruments are normally operated from the pitot static system? |
Airspeed indicator, altimeter indicator, vertical speed indicator |
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What’s required after replacement of components connected to the pitot static system |
Leak test |
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What are the Sources of power to gyroscopic instrument operation |
Operates by vacuum, electricity or air pressure |
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What’s used as a guide for range marking of aircraft instruments? |
Outer edge of the cover glass over the calibrations on the dial face |
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What other type of mark is required when range markings are applied to the glass instrument cover? |
Index mark, to indicate slippage ( white) |
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How are high pressure and low pressure oxygen cylinders identified? |
High pressure (1800-1850) are green and have the word “aviators breathing oxygen” in white. Low press(400-425) are light yellow |
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What three flight instruments are normally operated from the pitot static system? |
Airspeed indicator, altimeter indicator, vertical speed indicator |
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What’s required after replacement of components connected to the pitot static system |
Leak test |
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What are the Sources of power to gyroscopic instrument operation |
Operates by vacuum, electricity or air pressure |
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What’s used as a guide for range marking of aircraft instruments? |
Outer edge of the cover glass over the calibrations on the dial face |
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What other type of mark is required when range markings are applied to the glass instrument cover? |
Index mark, to indicate slippage ( white) |
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What type of fuel quantity system is an electric fuel measuring device that accurately determine the weight of the fuel in the tanks of an aircraft |
Capacitor type |
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How are high pressure and low pressure oxygen cylinders identified? |
High pressure (1800-1850) are green and have the word “aviators breathing oxygen” in white. Low press(400-425) are light yellow |
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What three flight instruments are normally operated from the pitot static system? |
Airspeed indicator, altimeter indicator, vertical speed indicator |
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What’s required after replacement of components connected to the pitot static system |
Leak test |
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What are the Sources of power to gyroscopic instrument operation |
Operates by vacuum, electricity or air pressure |
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What’s used as a guide for range marking of aircraft instruments? |
Aircraft specs,t.c.d.s, maintenance or flight manual |
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What other type of mark is required when range markings are applied to the glass instrument cover? |
Index mark, to indicate slippage ( white) |
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What type of fuel quantity system is an electric fuel measuring device that accurately determine the weight of the fuel in the tanks of an aircraft |
Capacitor type |
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What’s meant by swinging a compass |
Adjustment of north south and east west magnets to reduce deviations |
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When inspecting a magnetic compass, the bowl should be filled with liquid and should not contain any bubbles or discolorations. What’s the purpose of the liquid in the bowl |
Dampen the oscillations of the float |
|
|
Which instrument is used to indicate the speed of the crankshaft of a reciprocating engine and the speed of the main rotor assembly in a turbine engine? |
A tachometer |
|
|
Which instrument is used to indicate the speed of the crankshaft of a reciprocating engine and the speed of the main rotor assembly in a turbine engine? |
A tachometer |
|
|
What type of indicating system is used to indicate turbine engine exhaust gas temperature? |
Thermocouple system |
|
|
What does a manifold pressure gage indicate when the engine is not operating? |
Indicates atmospheric pressure |
|
|
What is the meaning of the yellow range on the airpspeed indicator |
Cautionary range |
|
|
Name the basic components of a communication system |
Microphone, transmitter, transmitting antenna, receiving antenna, receiver and a headset or loudspeaker. |
|
|
Name the basic components of a communication system |
Microphone, transmitter, transmitting antenna, receiving antenna, receiver and a headset or loudspeaker. |
|
|
What is the most common communication system in use today |
VHF system |
|
|
Name the basic components of a communication system |
Microphone, transmitter, transmitting antenna, receiving antenna, receiver and a headset or loudspeaker. |
|
|
What is the most common communication system in use today |
VHF system |
|
|
What is a transceiver |
Self contained transmitter and receiver that share the same power supply, antenna and tuning |
|
|
Name the basic components of a communication system |
Microphone, transmitter, transmitting antenna, receiving antenna, receiver and a headset or loudspeaker. |
|
|
What is the most common communication system in use today |
VHF system |
|
|
What is a transceiver |
Self contained transmitter and receiver that share the same power supply, antenna and tuning |
|
|
What’re the basic components of an autopilot system |
Gyros, servos and amplifier |
|
|
Name the basic components of a communication system |
Microphone, transmitter, transmitting antenna, receiving antenna, receiver and a headset or loudspeaker. |
|
|
What is the most common communication system in use today |
VHF system |
|
|
What is a transceiver |
Self contained transmitter and receiver that share the same power supply, antenna and tuning |
|
|
What’re the basic components of an autopilot system |
Gyros, servos and amplifier |
|
|
What are the output elements of an auto pilot system |
Servos, which actuate control surfaces |
|
|
Name the basic components of a communication system |
Microphone, transmitter, transmitting antenna, receiving antenna, receiver and a headset or loudspeaker. |
|
|
What is the most common communication system in use today |
VHF system |
|
|
What is a transceiver |
Self contained transmitter and receiver that share the same power supply, antenna and tuning |
|
|
What’re the basic components of an autopilot system |
Gyros, servos and amplifier |
|
|
What are the output elements of an auto pilot system |
Servos, which actuate control surfaces |
|
|
What’s the purpose of a bonding jumper on a radio shock mount |
Provide a low impedance ground return and minimize radio interference from static electricity |
|
|
Name the basic components of a communication system |
Microphone, transmitter, transmitting antenna, receiving antenna, receiver and a headset or loudspeaker. |
|
|
What is the most common communication system in use today |
VHF system |
|
|
What is a transceiver |
Self contained transmitter and receiver that share the same power supply, antenna and tuning |
|
|
What’re the basic components of an autopilot system |
Gyros, servos and amplifier |
|
|
What are the output elements of an auto pilot system |
Servos, which actuate control surfaces |
|
|
What’s the purpose of a bonding jumper on a radio shock mount |
Provide a low impedance ground return and minimize radio interference from static electricity |
|
|
Frequency of an E,L,T |
121.5 MHz and 406.33 MHz |
|
|
How can you determine when the batteries of an E,L,T should be replaced, even though the set operates |
Battery replacement date must be marked in the outside of the transmitter. Time is computed from the date on the battery and manufacture determines it |
|
|
What’s the preferred location for mounting a V.O.r antenna on a small aircraft. |
On top of the forward part of the cabin with the apex of the bee toward the front. Alternative is on top of the vertical stab |
|
|
Where should D.m.e antennas be located. (Distance measuring equipment) |
Mounted on the lower surface in a position not blanketed by the wings during banking |
|
|
Where should D.m.e antennas be located. (Distance measuring equipment) |
Mounted on the lower surface in a position not blanketed by the wings during banking |
|
|
What is an a.d.f |
Automatic direction finder |
|
|
What’s the purpose of the fuel dump system |
Emergency system allowing flight crew to dump fuel to bring aircraft to maximum landing weight |
|
|
What’s the purpose of the fuel dump system |
Emergency system allowing flight crew to dump fuel to bring aircraft to maximum landing weight |
|
|
Other than reducing weight, what other function can be accomplished with a fuel jettisong system |
Dumped from a heavy wing to maintain lateral stability. Aircraft must be free if fire hazards during dumping and fuel must dump clear of aircraft |
|
|
What’s the purpose of the fuel dump system |
Emergency system allowing flight crew to dump fuel to bring aircraft to maximum landing weight |
|
|
Other than reducing weight, what other function can be accomplished with a fuel jettisong system |
Dumped from a heavy wing to maintain lateral stability. Aircraft must be free if fire hazards during dumping and fuel must dump clear of aircraft |
|
|
What’re two types of fuel cells |
Bladder and integral |
|
|
What’s the purpose of the fuel dump system |
Emergency system allowing flight crew to dump fuel to bring aircraft to maximum landing weight |
|
|
Other than reducing weight, what other function can be accomplished with a fuel jettisong system |
Dumped from a heavy wing to maintain lateral stability. Aircraft must be free if fire hazards during dumping and fuel must dump clear of aircraft |
|
|
What’re two types of fuel cells |
Bladder and integral |
|
|
What is wet wing construction |
Fuel cells are built into the wings ( integral) |
|
|
Advantages of single point pressure refueling system |
Reduces refuel time to service large aircraft. Eliminates damage to aircraft skin from hoses and nozzles also reduces chance of fuel contamination |
|
|
Advantages of single point pressure refueling system |
Reduces refuel time to service large aircraft. Eliminates damage to aircraft skin from hoses and nozzles also reduces chance of fuel contamination |
|
|
Purpose of fuel temperatures indicator on a turbine fuel tank |
Determines if there are ice crystals forming in the fuel |
|
|
Advantages of single point pressure refueling system |
Reduces refuel time to service large aircraft. Eliminates damage to aircraft skin from hoses and nozzles also reduces chance of fuel contamination |
|
|
Purpose of fuel temperatures indicator on a turbine fuel tank |
Determines if there are ice crystals forming in the fuel |
|
|
What’s the purpose of warning lights in connection with fuel systems? |
Indicate low fuel pressure or low fuel quantity |
|
|
Advantages of single point pressure refueling system |
Reduces refuel time to service large aircraft. Eliminates damage to aircraft skin from hoses and nozzles also reduces chance of fuel contamination |
|
|
Purpose of fuel temperatures indicator on a turbine fuel tank |
Determines if there are ice crystals forming in the fuel |
|
|
What’s the purpose of warning lights in connection with fuel systems? |
Indicate low fuel pressure or low fuel quantity |
|
|
Four general types of fuel quantity gages |
Sight glass, mechanical, electrical, electronic |
|
|
Advantages of single point pressure refueling system |
Reduces refuel time to service large aircraft. Eliminates damage to aircraft skin from hoses and nozzles also reduces chance of fuel contamination |
|
|
Purpose of fuel temperatures indicator on a turbine fuel tank |
Determines if there are ice crystals forming in the fuel |
|
|
What’s the purpose of warning lights in connection with fuel systems? |
Indicate low fuel pressure or low fuel quantity |
|
|
Four general types of fuel quantity gages |
Sight glass, mechanical, electrical, electronic |
|
|
What’s a crossfeed system |
Allows fuel to be feed from various tanks to any engine |
|
|
Advantages of single point pressure refueling system |
Reduces refuel time to service large aircraft. Eliminates damage to aircraft skin from hoses and nozzles also reduces chance of fuel contamination |
|
|
Purpose of fuel temperatures indicator on a turbine fuel tank |
Determines if there are ice crystals forming in the fuel |
|
|
What’s the purpose of warning lights in connection with fuel systems? |
Indicate low fuel pressure or low fuel quantity |
|
|
Four general types of fuel quantity gages |
Sight glass, mechanical, electrical, electronic |
|
|
What’s a crossfeed system |
Allows fuel to be feed from various tanks to any engine |
|
|
What’s the purpose of baffles in a fuel tank |
Prevent fuel from surging due to turbulence or altitude changes |
|
|
Advantages of single point pressure refueling system |
Reduces refuel time to service large aircraft. Eliminates damage to aircraft skin from hoses and nozzles also reduces chance of fuel contamination |
|
|
Purpose of fuel temperatures indicator on a turbine fuel tank |
Determines if there are ice crystals forming in the fuel |
|
|
What’s the purpose of warning lights in connection with fuel systems? |
Indicate low fuel pressure or low fuel quantity |
|
|
Four general types of fuel quantity gages |
Sight glass, mechanical, electrical, electronic |
|
|
What’s a crossfeed system |
Allows fuel to be feed from various tanks to any engine |
|
|
What’s the purpose of baffles in a fuel tank |
Prevent fuel from surging due to turbulence or altitude changes |
|
|
How can fuel tanks be checked for leaks after repair |
Pressure check using air pressure not over 1/2 psi and liquid soap or bubble solution |
|
|
Advantages of single point pressure refueling system |
Reduces refuel time to service large aircraft. Eliminates damage to aircraft skin from hoses and nozzles also reduces chance of fuel contamination |
|
|
Purpose of fuel temperatures indicator on a turbine fuel tank |
Determines if there are ice crystals forming in the fuel |
|
|
What’s the purpose of warning lights in connection with fuel systems? |
Indicate low fuel pressure or low fuel quantity |
|
|
Four general types of fuel quantity gages |
Sight glass, mechanical, electrical, electronic |
|
|
What’s a crossfeed system |
Allows fuel to be feed from various tanks to any engine |
|
|
What’s the purpose of baffles in a fuel tank |
Prevent fuel from surging due to turbulence or altitude changes |
|
|
How can fuel tanks be checked for leaks after repair |
Pressure check using air pressure not over 1/2 psi and liquid soap or bubble solution |
|
|
What’s the purpose of a circuit breaker? |
Open circuit during overload condition |
|
|
Advantages of single point pressure refueling system |
Reduces refuel time to service large aircraft. Eliminates damage to aircraft skin from hoses and nozzles also reduces chance of fuel contamination |
|
|
Purpose of fuel temperatures indicator on a turbine fuel tank |
Determines if there are ice crystals forming in the fuel |
|
|
What’s the purpose of warning lights in connection with fuel systems? |
Indicate low fuel pressure or low fuel quantity |
|
|
Four general types of fuel quantity gages |
Sight glass, mechanical, electrical, electronic |
|
|
What’s a crossfeed system |
Allows fuel to be feed from various tanks to any engine |
|
|
What’s the purpose of baffles in a fuel tank |
Prevent fuel from surging due to turbulence or altitude changes |
|
|
How can fuel tanks be checked for leaks after repair |
Pressure check using air pressure not over 1/2 psi and liquid soap or bubble solution |
|
|
What’s the purpose of a circuit breaker? |
Open circuit during overload condition |
|
|
What tool is used to measure size of unmarked electrical wire |
Wire gage ranging in size from 0 to 36 |
|
|
Advantages of single point pressure refueling system |
Reduces refuel time to service large aircraft. Eliminates damage to aircraft skin from hoses and nozzles also reduces chance of fuel contamination |
|
|
Purpose of fuel temperatures indicator on a turbine fuel tank |
Determines if there are ice crystals forming in the fuel |
|
|
What’s the purpose of warning lights in connection with fuel systems? |
Indicate low fuel pressure or low fuel quantity |
|
|
Four general types of fuel quantity gages |
Sight glass, mechanical, electrical, electronic |
|
|
What’s a crossfeed system |
Allows fuel to be feed from various tanks to any engine |
|
|
What’s the purpose of baffles in a fuel tank |
Prevent fuel from surging due to turbulence or altitude changes |
|
|
How can fuel tanks be checked for leaks after repair |
Pressure check using air pressure not over 1/2 psi and liquid soap or bubble solution |
|
|
What’s the purpose of a circuit breaker? |
Open circuit during overload condition |
|
|
What tool is used to measure size of unmarked electrical wire |
Wire gage ranging in size from 0 to 36 |
|
|
Colors of position lights |
Left- red Right- green Aft- white |
|
|
Advantages of single point pressure refueling system |
Reduces refuel time to service large aircraft. Eliminates damage to aircraft skin from hoses and nozzles also reduces chance of fuel contamination |
|
|
What size of electrical conduit should be used for a specific cable bundle? |
Inside diameter 25% larger than maximum diameter of the cable bundle |
|
|
Purpose of fuel temperatures indicator on a turbine fuel tank |
Determines if there are ice crystals forming in the fuel |
|
|
What’s the purpose of warning lights in connection with fuel systems? |
Indicate low fuel pressure or low fuel quantity |
|
|
Four general types of fuel quantity gages |
Sight glass, mechanical, electrical, electronic |
|
|
What’s a crossfeed system |
Allows fuel to be feed from various tanks to any engine |
|
|
What’s the purpose of baffles in a fuel tank |
Prevent fuel from surging due to turbulence or altitude changes |
|
|
How can fuel tanks be checked for leaks after repair |
Pressure check using air pressure not over 1/2 psi and liquid soap or bubble solution |
|
|
What’s the purpose of a circuit breaker? |
Open circuit during overload condition |
|
|
What tool is used to measure size of unmarked electrical wire |
Wire gage ranging in size from 0 to 36 |
|
|
Colors of position lights |
Left- red Right- green Aft- white |
|
|
When do dc motors draw several time there rated current |
During start |
|
|
What would cause an a.c electric motor to run slow |
Low applied voltage, defective wiring or no lubrication |
|
|
What should be checked before any aircraft electrical load is increased |
Associated wires, cables and circuit protection for rated limits |
|
|
What should be checked before any aircraft electrical load is increased |
Associated wires, cables and circuit protection for rated limits |
|
|
In A.C power systems, how is dc power obtained for battery charging |
Use of rectifiers |
|
|
How long should binding jumper wires be made |
Short as possible |
|
|
How long should binding jumper wires be made |
Short as possible |
|
|
What’s the purpose of anti skid system |
Permits effective breaking during landing roll regardless of runway condition |
|
|
How long should binding jumper wires be made |
Short as possible |
|
|
What’s the purpose of anti skid system |
Permits effective breaking during landing roll regardless of runway condition |
|
|
What does the anti skid warming light indicate |
Fault in the system or it is off |
|
|
Type of warning devices usually provided for retractable landing gear |
Red light or aural device |
|
|
When does the aural device operate in a landing gear warning system |
When Throttles are retarded and gears are not down and locked |
|
|
What type of position indicators are used to indicate gear is down and locked |
Green light for each gear |
|
|
Which positions of retractable landing gear normally have a position indicator |
Up and locked position and down and locked position |
|
|
When should gear switches, lights, warning horn or buzzers be checked |
During any retraction checks |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
What problems are associated with electrically heated windshields |
Delamination, arcing, scratches and discoloration |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
What problems are associated with electrically heated windshields |
Delamination, arcing, scratches and discoloration |
|
|
What is windshield delam |
Separation of the plies |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
What problems are associated with electrically heated windshields |
Delamination, arcing, scratches and discoloration |
|
|
What is windshield delam |
Separation of the plies |
|
|
What type of power is used to operate windshield wiper systems |
Electrical and hydraulic |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
What problems are associated with electrically heated windshields |
Delamination, arcing, scratches and discoloration |
|
|
What is windshield delam |
Separation of the plies |
|
|
What type of power is used to operate windshield wiper systems |
Electrical and hydraulic |
|
|
What are common problems encountered with windshield wipers |
Low blade pressure due to slipstream aerodynamic Force causing ineffective wiping. And achieving fast enough wiper oscillation |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
How does a pneumatic rain removal system work |
Barrier is formed by high pressure high temp engine compressor bleed air preventing drops from striking windshield |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
What problems are associated with electrically heated windshields |
Delamination, arcing, scratches and discoloration |
|
|
What is windshield delam |
Separation of the plies |
|
|
What type of power is used to operate windshield wiper systems |
Electrical and hydraulic |
|
|
What are common problems encountered with windshield wipers |
Low blade pressure due to slipstream aerodynamic Force causing ineffective wiping. And achieving fast enough wiper oscillation |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
How does a pneumatic rain removal system work |
Barrier is formed by high pressure high temp engine compressor bleed air preventing drops from striking windshield |
|
|
What areas of an aircraft would find carbon monoxide detectors |
Cockpits and cabins |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
What problems are associated with electrically heated windshields |
Delamination, arcing, scratches and discoloration |
|
|
What is windshield delam |
Separation of the plies |
|
|
What type of power is used to operate windshield wiper systems |
Electrical and hydraulic |
|
|
What are common problems encountered with windshield wipers |
Low blade pressure due to slipstream aerodynamic Force causing ineffective wiping. And achieving fast enough wiper oscillation |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
How does a pneumatic rain removal system work |
Barrier is formed by high pressure high temp engine compressor bleed air preventing drops from striking windshield |
|
|
What areas of an aircraft would find carbon monoxide detectors |
Cockpits and cabins |
|
|
What color does a c.o detector change when carbon monoxide fumes are present |
Silica gel turns from yellow to a shade of green. Other types change from tan to gray or black |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
What problems are associated with electrically heated windshields |
Delamination, arcing, scratches and discoloration |
|
|
What is windshield delam |
Separation of the plies |
|
|
What type of power is used to operate windshield wiper systems |
Electrical and hydraulic |
|
|
What are common problems encountered with windshield wipers |
Low blade pressure due to slipstream aerodynamic Force causing ineffective wiping. And achieving fast enough wiper oscillation |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
How does a pneumatic rain removal system work |
Barrier is formed by high pressure high temp engine compressor bleed air preventing drops from striking windshield |
|
|
What areas of an aircraft would find carbon monoxide detectors |
Cockpits and cabins |
|
|
What color does a c.o detector change when carbon monoxide fumes are present |
Silica gel turns from yellow to a shade of green. Other types change from tan to gray or black |
|
|
What’re two types of smoke detectors |
Photoelectric and visual |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
What problems are associated with electrically heated windshields |
Delamination, arcing, scratches and discoloration |
|
|
What is windshield delam |
Separation of the plies |
|
|
What type of power is used to operate windshield wiper systems |
Electrical and hydraulic |
|
|
What are common problems encountered with windshield wipers |
Low blade pressure due to slipstream aerodynamic Force causing ineffective wiping. And achieving fast enough wiper oscillation |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
How does a pneumatic rain removal system work |
Barrier is formed by high pressure high temp engine compressor bleed air preventing drops from striking windshield |
|
|
What areas of an aircraft would find carbon monoxide detectors |
Cockpits and cabins |
|
|
What color does a c.o detector change when carbon monoxide fumes are present |
Silica gel turns from yellow to a shade of green. Other types change from tan to gray or black |
|
|
What’re two types of smoke detectors |
Photoelectric and visual |
|
|
Where are smoke detectors used in aircraft |
Cargo and baggage compartment , and lavatories |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
What problems are associated with electrically heated windshields |
Delamination, arcing, scratches and discoloration |
|
|
What is windshield delam |
Separation of the plies |
|
|
What type of power is used to operate windshield wiper systems |
Electrical and hydraulic |
|
|
What are common problems encountered with windshield wipers |
Low blade pressure due to slipstream aerodynamic Force causing ineffective wiping. And achieving fast enough wiper oscillation |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
How does a pneumatic rain removal system work |
Barrier is formed by high pressure high temp engine compressor bleed air preventing drops from striking windshield |
|
|
What areas of an aircraft would find carbon monoxide detectors |
Cockpits and cabins |
|
|
What color does a c.o detector change when carbon monoxide fumes are present |
Silica gel turns from yellow to a shade of green. Other types change from tan to gray or black |
|
|
What’re two types of smoke detectors |
Photoelectric and visual |
|
|
Where are smoke detectors used in aircraft |
Cargo and baggage compartment , and lavatories |
|
|
Describe the operating principal of a thermal switch fire detection system |
Consists of one or more lights, energized by aircraft power when connected to the circuit by a thermal switch. The switches are heat sensitive and complete the circuit at certain temps |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
What problems are associated with electrically heated windshields |
Delamination, arcing, scratches and discoloration |
|
|
What is windshield delam |
Separation of the plies |
|
|
What type of power is used to operate windshield wiper systems |
Electrical and hydraulic |
|
|
What are common problems encountered with windshield wipers |
Low blade pressure due to slipstream aerodynamic Force causing ineffective wiping. And achieving fast enough wiper oscillation |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
How does a pneumatic rain removal system work |
Barrier is formed by high pressure high temp engine compressor bleed air preventing drops from striking windshield |
|
|
What areas of an aircraft would find carbon monoxide detectors |
Cockpits and cabins |
|
|
What color does a c.o detector change when carbon monoxide fumes are present |
Silica gel turns from yellow to a shade of green. Other types change from tan to gray or black |
|
|
What’re two types of smoke detectors |
Photoelectric and visual |
|
|
Where are smoke detectors used in aircraft |
Cargo and baggage compartment , and lavatories |
|
|
Describe the operating principal of a thermal switch fire detection system |
Consists of one or more lights, energized by aircraft power when connected to the circuit by a thermal switch. The switches are heat sensitive and complete the circuit at certain temps |
|
|
Describe the operating principal of a continuous loop fire detection system? |
System consists of one (fenwal) or more wires (kiddie), imbedded in a special ceramic core within a inconel tube. Core resistance drops and current flows between signal wire and ground energizing the system during fire or overheat |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
What problems are associated with electrically heated windshields |
Delamination, arcing, scratches and discoloration |
|
|
What is windshield delam |
Separation of the plies |
|
|
What type of power is used to operate windshield wiper systems |
Electrical and hydraulic |
|
|
What are common problems encountered with windshield wipers |
Low blade pressure due to slipstream aerodynamic Force causing ineffective wiping. And achieving fast enough wiper oscillation |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
How does a pneumatic rain removal system work |
Barrier is formed by high pressure high temp engine compressor bleed air preventing drops from striking windshield |
|
|
What areas of an aircraft would find carbon monoxide detectors |
Cockpits and cabins |
|
|
What color does a c.o detector change when carbon monoxide fumes are present |
Silica gel turns from yellow to a shade of green. Other types change from tan to gray or black |
|
|
What’re two types of smoke detectors |
Photoelectric and visual |
|
|
Where are smoke detectors used in aircraft |
Cargo and baggage compartment , and lavatories |
|
|
Describe the operating principal of a thermal switch fire detection system |
Consists of one or more lights, energized by aircraft power when connected to the circuit by a thermal switch. The switches are heat sensitive and complete the circuit at certain temps |
|
|
Describe the operating principal of a continuous loop fire detection system? |
System consists of one (fenwal) or more wires (kiddie), imbedded in a special ceramic core within a inconel tube. Core resistance drops and current flows between signal wire and ground energizing the system during fire or overheat |
|
|
What are 2 types of fire extinguishers |
High rate of discharge and conventional system |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
What problems are associated with electrically heated windshields |
Delamination, arcing, scratches and discoloration |
|
|
What is windshield delam |
Separation of the plies |
|
|
What type of power is used to operate windshield wiper systems |
Electrical and hydraulic |
|
|
What are common problems encountered with windshield wipers |
Low blade pressure due to slipstream aerodynamic Force causing ineffective wiping. And achieving fast enough wiper oscillation |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
How does a pneumatic rain removal system work |
Barrier is formed by high pressure high temp engine compressor bleed air preventing drops from striking windshield |
|
|
What areas of an aircraft would find carbon monoxide detectors |
Cockpits and cabins |
|
|
What color does a c.o detector change when carbon monoxide fumes are present |
Silica gel turns from yellow to a shade of green. Other types change from tan to gray or black |
|
|
What’re two types of smoke detectors |
Photoelectric and visual |
|
|
Where are smoke detectors used in aircraft |
Cargo and baggage compartment , and lavatories |
|
|
Describe the operating principal of a thermal switch fire detection system |
Consists of one or more lights, energized by aircraft power when connected to the circuit by a thermal switch. The switches are heat sensitive and complete the circuit at certain temps |
|
|
Describe the operating principal of a continuous loop fire detection system? |
System consists of one (fenwal) or more wires (kiddie), imbedded in a special ceramic core within a inconel tube. Core resistance drops and current flows between signal wire and ground energizing the system during fire or overheat |
|
|
What are 2 types of fire extinguishers |
High rate of discharge and conventional system |
|
|
What type of extinguishing agent is usually found in a HRD system |
Halons sometimes boosted by high pressure nitrogen |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
What problems are associated with electrically heated windshields |
Delamination, arcing, scratches and discoloration |
|
|
What is windshield delam |
Separation of the plies |
|
|
What type of power is used to operate windshield wiper systems |
Electrical and hydraulic |
|
|
What are common problems encountered with windshield wipers |
Low blade pressure due to slipstream aerodynamic Force causing ineffective wiping. And achieving fast enough wiper oscillation |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
How does a pneumatic rain removal system work |
Barrier is formed by high pressure high temp engine compressor bleed air preventing drops from striking windshield |
|
|
What areas of an aircraft would find carbon monoxide detectors |
Cockpits and cabins |
|
|
What color does a c.o detector change when carbon monoxide fumes are present |
Silica gel turns from yellow to a shade of green. Other types change from tan to gray or black |
|
|
What’re two types of smoke detectors |
Photoelectric and visual |
|
|
Where are smoke detectors used in aircraft |
Cargo and baggage compartment , and lavatories |
|
|
Describe the operating principal of a thermal switch fire detection system |
Consists of one or more lights, energized by aircraft power when connected to the circuit by a thermal switch. The switches are heat sensitive and complete the circuit at certain temps |
|
|
Describe the operating principal of a continuous loop fire detection system? |
System consists of one (fenwal) or more wires (kiddie), imbedded in a special ceramic core within a inconel tube. Core resistance drops and current flows between signal wire and ground energizing the system during fire or overheat |
|
|
What are 2 types of fire extinguishers |
High rate of discharge and conventional system |
|
|
What type of extinguishing agent is usually found in a HRD system |
Halons sometimes boosted by high pressure nitrogen |
|
|
What type of extinguishing agent is usually associated with a conventional type extinguishing system |
Usually CO2 |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
What problems are associated with electrically heated windshields |
Delamination, arcing, scratches and discoloration |
|
|
What is windshield delam |
Separation of the plies |
|
|
What type of power is used to operate windshield wiper systems |
Electrical and hydraulic |
|
|
What are common problems encountered with windshield wipers |
Low blade pressure due to slipstream aerodynamic Force causing ineffective wiping. And achieving fast enough wiper oscillation |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
How does a pneumatic rain removal system work |
Barrier is formed by high pressure high temp engine compressor bleed air preventing drops from striking windshield |
|
|
What areas of an aircraft would find carbon monoxide detectors |
Cockpits and cabins |
|
|
What color does a c.o detector change when carbon monoxide fumes are present |
Silica gel turns from yellow to a shade of green. Other types change from tan to gray or black |
|
|
What’re two types of smoke detectors |
Photoelectric and visual |
|
|
Where are smoke detectors used in aircraft |
Cargo and baggage compartment , and lavatories |
|
|
Describe the operating principal of a thermal switch fire detection system |
Consists of one or more lights, energized by aircraft power when connected to the circuit by a thermal switch. The switches are heat sensitive and complete the circuit at certain temps |
|
|
Describe the operating principal of a continuous loop fire detection system? |
System consists of one (fenwal) or more wires (kiddie), imbedded in a special ceramic core within a inconel tube. Core resistance drops and current flows between signal wire and ground energizing the system during fire or overheat |
|
|
What are 2 types of fire extinguishers |
High rate of discharge and conventional system |
|
|
What type of extinguishing agent is usually found in a HRD system |
Halons sometimes boosted by high pressure nitrogen |
|
|
What type of extinguishing agent is usually associated with a conventional type extinguishing system |
Usually CO2 |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
Purpose of the yellow disk in a c.o.2 fire extinguishing system |
Indicates which bank of bottles have been emptied into the system |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
What problems are associated with electrically heated windshields |
Delamination, arcing, scratches and discoloration |
|
|
What is windshield delam |
Separation of the plies |
|
|
What type of power is used to operate windshield wiper systems |
Electrical and hydraulic |
|
|
What are common problems encountered with windshield wipers |
Low blade pressure due to slipstream aerodynamic Force causing ineffective wiping. And achieving fast enough wiper oscillation |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
How does a pneumatic rain removal system work |
Barrier is formed by high pressure high temp engine compressor bleed air preventing drops from striking windshield |
|
|
What areas of an aircraft would find carbon monoxide detectors |
Cockpits and cabins |
|
|
What color does a c.o detector change when carbon monoxide fumes are present |
Silica gel turns from yellow to a shade of green. Other types change from tan to gray or black |
|
|
What’re two types of smoke detectors |
Photoelectric and visual |
|
|
Where are smoke detectors used in aircraft |
Cargo and baggage compartment , and lavatories |
|
|
Describe the operating principal of a thermal switch fire detection system |
Consists of one or more lights, energized by aircraft power when connected to the circuit by a thermal switch. The switches are heat sensitive and complete the circuit at certain temps |
|
|
Describe the operating principal of a continuous loop fire detection system? |
System consists of one (fenwal) or more wires (kiddie), imbedded in a special ceramic core within a inconel tube. Core resistance drops and current flows between signal wire and ground energizing the system during fire or overheat |
|
|
What are 2 types of fire extinguishers |
High rate of discharge and conventional system |
|
|
What type of extinguishing agent is usually found in a HRD system |
Halons sometimes boosted by high pressure nitrogen |
|
|
What type of extinguishing agent is usually associated with a conventional type extinguishing system |
Usually CO2 |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
Purpose of the yellow disk in a c.o.2 fire extinguishing system |
Indicates which bank of bottles have been emptied into the system |
|
|
In a turbine engine Freon fire extinguishing system how are bottles discharged |
By a squib which is detonated electrically |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
What problems are associated with electrically heated windshields |
Delamination, arcing, scratches and discoloration |
|
|
What is windshield delam |
Separation of the plies |
|
|
What type of power is used to operate windshield wiper systems |
Electrical and hydraulic |
|
|
What are common problems encountered with windshield wipers |
Low blade pressure due to slipstream aerodynamic Force causing ineffective wiping. And achieving fast enough wiper oscillation |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
How does a pneumatic rain removal system work |
Barrier is formed by high pressure high temp engine compressor bleed air preventing drops from striking windshield |
|
|
What areas of an aircraft would find carbon monoxide detectors |
Cockpits and cabins |
|
|
What color does a c.o detector change when carbon monoxide fumes are present |
Silica gel turns from yellow to a shade of green. Other types change from tan to gray or black |
|
|
What’re two types of smoke detectors |
Photoelectric and visual |
|
|
Where are smoke detectors used in aircraft |
Cargo and baggage compartment , and lavatories |
|
|
Describe the operating principal of a thermal switch fire detection system |
Consists of one or more lights, energized by aircraft power when connected to the circuit by a thermal switch. The switches are heat sensitive and complete the circuit at certain temps |
|
|
Describe the operating principal of a continuous loop fire detection system? |
System consists of one (fenwal) or more wires (kiddie), imbedded in a special ceramic core within a inconel tube. Core resistance drops and current flows between signal wire and ground energizing the system during fire or overheat |
|
|
What are 2 types of fire extinguishers |
High rate of discharge and conventional system |
|
|
What type of extinguishing agent is usually found in a HRD system |
Halons sometimes boosted by high pressure nitrogen |
|
|
What type of extinguishing agent is usually associated with a conventional type extinguishing system |
Usually CO2 |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
Purpose of the yellow disk in a c.o.2 fire extinguishing system |
Indicates which bank of bottles have been emptied into the system |
|
|
In a turbine engine Freon fire extinguishing system how are bottles discharged |
By a squib which is detonated electrically |
|
|
Which type of hand held fire extinguishers are available for interior aircraft fires |
Most common use water, carbon dioxide and dry chemical agents |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
What problems are associated with electrically heated windshields |
Delamination, arcing, scratches and discoloration |
|
|
What is windshield delam |
Separation of the plies |
|
|
What type of power is used to operate windshield wiper systems |
Electrical and hydraulic |
|
|
What are common problems encountered with windshield wipers |
Low blade pressure due to slipstream aerodynamic Force causing ineffective wiping. And achieving fast enough wiper oscillation |
|
|
How does a take off warning horn differ from a landing gear warning horn |
Take off horn is intermittent and landing gear horn is continuous |
|
|
How does a pneumatic rain removal system work |
Barrier is formed by high pressure high temp engine compressor bleed air preventing drops from striking windshield |
|
|
What areas of an aircraft would find carbon monoxide detectors |
Cockpits and cabins |
|
|
What color does a c.o detector change when carbon monoxide fumes are present |
Silica gel turns from yellow to a shade of green. Other types change from tan to gray or black |
|
|
What’re two types of smoke detectors |
Photoelectric and visual |
|
|
Where are smoke detectors used in aircraft |
Cargo and baggage compartment , and lavatories |
|
|
Describe the operating principal of a thermal switch fire detection system |
Consists of one or more lights, energized by aircraft power when connected to the circuit by a thermal switch. The switches are heat sensitive and complete the circuit at certain temps |
|
|
Describe the operating principal of a continuous loop fire detection system? |
System consists of one (fenwal) or more wires (kiddie), imbedded in a special ceramic core within a inconel tube. Core resistance drops and current flows between signal wire and ground energizing the system during fire or overheat |
|
|
What are 2 types of fire extinguishers |
High rate of discharge and conventional system |
|
|
What type of extinguishing agent is usually found in a HRD system |
Halons sometimes boosted by high pressure nitrogen |
|
|
What type of extinguishing agent is usually associated with a conventional type extinguishing system |
Usually CO2 |
|
|
What is the master caution light |
Light that alerts the pilot that there is trouble with one of the systems |
|
|
Purpose of the yellow disk in a c.o.2 fire extinguishing system |
Indicates which bank of bottles have been emptied into the system |
|
|
In a turbine engine Freon fire extinguishing system how are bottles discharged |
By a squib which is detonated electrically |
|
|
Which type of hand held fire extinguishers are available for interior aircraft fires |
Most common use water, carbon dioxide and dry chemical agents |
|
|
What type of fire detection system gives a more complete coverage of a fire hazard |
Continuous loop detector system |
|
|
What are 2 methods of inflating pneumatic de ice boots |
Air by an engine driven air pump(vacuum pump) or from a turbine engine compressor |
|
|
What’s the purpose of an oil separator in a pneumatic de Ice system |
Prevent deterioration of the rubber caused by contact with oil |
|
|
Whats used to clean de Ice boots |
Mild soap and water |
|
|
What methods are used to supply heated air for thermal anti icing systems |
Bleed air from turbine engine compressor, ram air heated by a combustion heater, engine exhaust heat exchanges |
|
|
What problems are associated with electrically heated windshields |
Delamination, arcing, scratches and discoloration |
|
|
What is windshield delam |
Separation of the plies |
|
|
What type of power is used to operate windshield wiper systems |
Electrical and hydraulic |
|
|
What are common problems encountered with windshield wipers |
Low blade pressure due to slipstream aerodynamic Force causing ineffective wiping. And achieving fast enough wiper oscillation |
