Chapter 15: Age Of Absolutism, Part Two

Front 1

James I

Back 1

(1603-1625) King of England and Scotland who succeeded Queen Elizabeth I and became the first English Stuart monarch; believed in divine-right monarchy; was Catholic

Front 2

Charles I

Back 2

(1625-1649) King of England who was forced to sign the Petition of Right by the Parliament; introduced more Catholic ritual into the Anglican church and the Scots rebelled

Front 3

Long Parliament

Back 3

(1640-1660) a meeting of Parliament that resulted in limitations on royal authority and passed the Triennial Act

Front 4

English Civil War

Back 4

(1642-1649) a war in England that happened as a result of the Long Parliament; created the New Model Army; first stage of the war ended with Parliament's capture of Charles I; Charles I's beheading ended the war

Front 5

Rump Parliment

Back 5

(mid 1600s) what was left of Parliment after Cromwell came to power; tried and condemned Charles I with treason; proclaimed England to be a republic

Front 6

Oliver Cromwell

Back 6

(1640s-1658) a leader of the New Model Army during the English Civil War who became leader of the English Commonwealth through military and became Lord Protector through the Instrument of Government

Front 7

Levellers

Back 7

(mid 1600s) a radical group that opposed Cromwell and believed in freedom of speech, religious toleration, and a democratic republic and argued fro women's equality of rights with men

Front 8

Charles II

Back 8

(1660-1685) King of England who was inclined toward Catholicism and issued the Declaration of Indulgence which suspended laws against Catholics and Puritans

Front 9

Test Act

Back 9

(1673) an act passed by Parliment during Charles II's reign that said only Anglicans could hold military and civil offices

Front 10

James II

Back 10

(1685-1688) King of England who attempted to further Catholic interest; had two Protestant daughters and a Catholic son

Front 11

Glorious Revolution

Back 11

(1688) an invitation for William and Mary to invade England so that James II's Catholic son would not be king; confirmed William and Mary as monarchs

Front 12

William and Mary

Back 12

(1688) William of Orange, husband to Mary, James II's daughter - signed the English Bill of Rights; rulers by Parliment, not God

Front 13

English Bill of Rights

Back 13

(1689) a constitution signed by William and Mary on Parliment's terms that affirmed Parliment's right to make laws and levy taxes and required Parliment's consent to raise a standing army

Front 14

Toleration Act

Back 14

(1689) an act passed by Parliment that settles religious questions; gave Puritan Dissentors the right of free public worship but did not full civil and political equality; excluded Catholics

Front 15

Thomas Hobbes

Back 15

(1588-1679) an English political thinker who said that people contracted to form a commonwealth in which power was placed into the hands of the sovereign authority who possessed unlimited power to save themselves; said if subjects rebel they should be suppressed

Front 16

John Locke

Back 16

(1632-1704) English political thinker who believed humans had three inalienable rights - life, liberty and prosperity; established government to ensure their rights but if government broke their agreement the people could form a new government

Front 17

Mannerism

Back 17

(1520s-1530s) an art movement that reflected the environment of anxiety, uncertainty, suffering, and yearning for spiritual experience

Front 18

El Greco

Back 18

(1541-1614) a Greek Mannerism artist who used elongated and contorted figures

Front 19

Baroque

Back 19

(late 1500s) an art movement that began in Italy and was embraced by the Catholic Reform movement; known for its use of dramatic efforts to create emotion

Front 20

Peter Paul Rubens

Back 20

(1577-1644) a Flemish Baroque artist whose artwork is characterized by heavily fleshed nudes, restless forms and constant movement creating dynamic unity

Front 21

Gian Lorenzo Bernini

Back 21

(1598-1680) an Italian Baroque architect and sculptor who sculpted Ecstasy of Saint Theresa

Front 22

Artemesia Gentileschi

Back 22

(1593-1653) an Italian Baroque artist who known as a portrait painter; painted Judith Beheading Holofernes

Front 23

French Classicism

Back 23

(late 1600s) a French art movement that reflected the shift from chaos to order and portrayed noble subjects, especially those from Classical antiquity

Front 24

Nicolas Poussin

Back 24

(1594-1665) a French Classicist painter who chose to paint scenes from mythology

Front 25

Dutch Realism

Back 25

(1600s) a Dutch art movement in which subject matter included portraits of burghers and patriarchs; basically everyday life

Front 26

Rembrant van Rijn

Back 26

(1606-1669) a Dutch Realist who depicted Biblical tales in a secular time

Front 27

Jean-Baptiste Moliere

Back 27

(1622-1673) a French dramatist who wrote, produced, and acted in a series of comedies that satired the religious and social world