Africa And Asia To 1500

Front 1

How has the geography of Africa impacted the history of the continent?(Hint: climate and other issues)

Back 1

The geography of Africa has determined where civilizations of the past have settled--for example, most civilizations have settled near rivers, such as the Niger River. Farming was plausible in the deserts and rainforests and though it was possible in the savannas, the rain there is unreliable. Rivers were difficult to navigate. Also, there are tse tse flies that transmit the sleeping sickness and mosquitos that transmit malaria.

Front 2

Compare the major civilizations of Africa to 1500. (Broad terms)

Back 2

Ghana was the first and it was less advanced than the rest, with kings who ruled without laws and reliant on a well-trained army; Mali came next and was a center of Muslim learning; Songhai came next and was the largest and most powerful of all

Front 3

Describe trade in Africa to 1500. (Location, trade goods, importance)

Back 3

Africans often traded across the Sahara Desert through camel caravans. They also traded from East Africa across the Indian Ocean. Gold, ivory, hides, salt, copper, and slaves were common exports.

Front 4

Describe the importance of the Bantu.(migration pattern and influence)

Back 4

The Bantu migrated out of Western Africa to Eastern and Southern Africa, spreading their language, knowledge of agriculture, and iron-smelting techniques.

Front 5

Describe the history of slavery in Africa.

Back 5

Berbers raided other villages and made their captives into slaves. Sometimes slaves were also debtors and/or criminals. Slaves were viewed as trusted servants. They worked the farmlands, which was difficult.

Front 6

Which religions are widely practiced in Africa today and how did past events influence the pattern of modern practice?

Back 6

Islam and Christianity are widely practiced in Africa today; these were spread by Arab traders, and the African peoples took on these religions, sometimes mixing the practice of these religions with traditional religious practice--this is called syncretism.

Front 7

Silk road! (General location, traded items, importance)

Back 7

The Silk Road goes from China to Baghdad. Items traded along the Silk Road were horses, silk, and paper. Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism were spread along the silk road, as was the idea of numbers and, unfortunately, the plague. The silk road was important because countries that were in separate continents were able to trade with each other and spread ideas.

Front 8

What was the both the greatest achievement and downfall of the Sui Dynasty of China?

Back 8

The building of the Grand Canal

Front 9

General info on the Tang Dynasty(When, importance, impact, culture)

Back 9

The Tang Dynasty lasted from the 5th to 15th centuries. Under the Tang, communication and transportation were improved, government officials were chosen based on merit, farmland was equally allocated, and military and diplomatic relations were improved. The Silk Road was also revived.

Front 10

Five things the Tang do wellleading to a long-lasting empire?

Back 10

Elect government officials based on merit, good transportation and communication, equal allocation of farmland, better military and diplomatic relations, and revival of the Silk Road.

Front 11

Battle of Talas?

Front 12

Significance of the Song Dynasty?

Back 12

The Song Dynasty used diplomacy to placate enemies and caused China to have unprecedented economic growth

Front 13

Approach of Song Taizu to government and bureaucracy structure?

Back 13

He organized an administration that kept military forces under tight supervision--he was an honest and effective leader.

Front 14

Agricultural developments of the Song?

Back 14

Discovered new strains of fast-ripening rice, invented heavy iron plows, invented new farming techniques, used manure and other natural fertilizers, and started artificial irrigation. As a result, there was a larger food supply and a better economy and thus the population increased.

Front 15

Technological and industrial developments of the Song?

Back 15

Porcelain, used coke instead of coal in furnaces, production of iron and steel, gunpowder, printing, better-built ships

Front 16

Free Market/financial developments of the Song?

Back 16

Paper money, checks, "ATM," letters of credit (credit card), and promissory notes.

Front 17

Examples of the harsh treatment of women in China.

Back 17

Women had their feet bound to make them smaller and thus had difficulty walking. Women were restrained and had little power. They were often veiled. Many female babies were killed. Widows were rarely allowed to remarry. Women were executed for adultery.

Front 18

Why did innovations NOT spread from China during the Song and what might be different if it had?

Back 18

Global communications were slow and the world was not united. Foreign trade was banned. If it had, we would have had the industrial revolution during the Song dynasty.

Front 19

Examples of the positive and negative impact of the Mongols.

Back 19

Postive--united a lot of countries, spread of Islam, built up the cities that they destroyed and made them better, trade extended

Negative- empire did not last, spread plague all the way to Europe, brutally murdered and tortured millions of people, destroyed cities, displaced many people,

Front 20

Pax Mongolica?(When and importance)

Back 20

1200s--when the Mongols took over most of Eurasia and united all of the civilizations in that region

Front 21

Who are…Genghis Khan?Kublai Khan?Tamerlane?

Back 21

Genghis Khan--started the Mongol empire, Kublai Khan--grandson of Genghis Khan, conquered China, Tamerlane--one of the last of the great Mongolian conquerers, founder of Timurid Empire in Persia