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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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State what is meant by a mixture |
A mixture is made up of several different substances. The substances are not chemically joined together, they are just mixed up. |
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State two differences between mixtures and compounds |
In a mixture, the substances are not joined together but they are in a compound. A mixture is also easier to separate. |
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Describe how to find out if a sample of a substance is pure |
If the sample has a sharp melting point (e.g. it stays at 70oC until all the solid has melted) it is pure |
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State what a solution is |
A solution is a mixture of a liquid with a solid or gas. |
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What is a solvent? |
The thing which is dissolving the solute in a solution. |
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What is a solute? |
The thing that is dissolved in a solution |
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Identify the solute in a coffee solution |
Coffee Grounds (or sugar, I guess) |
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Describe the arrangement of particles in a solution |
You can use rice and beans to model particles in a solution. Rice grains represent water particles and beans represent the sugar or coffee particles |
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State the meaning of the term saturated solution |
A saturated solution contains the maximum mass of a substance that will dissolve. There is always some undissolved substance in the container. |
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Which is more soluble, sugar or salt? |
Sugar. The greater the mass of a substance you can dissolve in 100g of water, the more soluble the substance. |
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State two types of mixture that can be separated by filtration. |
Muddy water, sandy water |
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Martha filters a mixture of glitter and water. Name the filtrate and the residue. |
Water - Filtrate Glitter - Residue |
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List three uses of filtration |
- It separates coffee solution from ground-up coffee beans - Oil filters in cars contain materials such as cotton, or wood fibre. These materials trap solid bits of dirt. Liquid oil passes through gaps between the fibres. The dirt would damage the engine if it stayed in the oil. -Sand filters help to make water safe to drink. |
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Describe how salt can be separated from seawater |
Evaporation separates salt from seawater, using the sun. |
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State three uses of evaporation |
- To dry glue - To make solid copper sulfate crystals |
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State what chromatography does. |
Chromatography separates substances in a mixture. For example, you could use it to find out what dyes are in a certain paint |
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State what a chromatogram is |
To find out what dyes are in a green felt tip pen, you can set up an apparatus to move water up paper. As it passes the green spot, the dyes in the ink dissolve. Water carries the dyes upwards, and the dyes separate. This makes a chromatogram. |
