Ace Chapter 3-Biomechanics And Applied Kinesiology

Front 1

Kinesiology

Back 1

The study of the principles of mechanics and anatomy in relation to human movement.

Front 2

Motive Force

Back 2

The force that starts or causes a movement.

Front 3

Resistive Force

Back 3

A force that resists the motion of another force.

Front 4

Concentric Action

Back 4

A contraction in which a muscle exerts force, shortens, and overcomes a resistance.

Front 5

Eccentric Action

Back 5

A contraction in which a muscle exerts force, lengthens, and is overcome by a resistance.

Front 6

Isometric

Back 6

A contraction in which a muscle exerts force but does not change in length.

Front 7

Lever

Back 7

A rigid bar that rotates aroung a fixed support (fulcrum) in response to an applied force.

Front 8

Fulcrum

Back 8

The support on which a lever rotates when moving or lifting something.

Front 9

Flexion

Back 9

Movement about a joint in which the bones on either side of the joint are brought closer to each other.

Front 10

Extension

Back 10

Movement about a joint that brings two parts into or toward a straight line, thereby increasing the angle of the joint; such as straightening the elbow.

Front 11

Abduction

Back 11

Movement of a body part away from the midline of the body.

Front 12

Adduction

Back 12

Movement of a body part toward the midline of the body.

Front 13

Axis of Rotation

Back 13

The imaginary lineor point about which an object, such as a body or a lever, rotates.

Front 14

Torque

Back 14

A force causing rotation about a fixed axis of rotation; the acto or process of turning around on an axis.

Front 15

Law of Inertia

Back 15

The tendency of all objects and matter to remain at rest, or, if moving, to continue moving in the same straight line unless acted on by an outside force; proportional to body mass.

Front 16

Law of Acceleration

Back 16

The force (F) acting on a body in a given direction is is equal to the body's mass (m) multiplied by the body's acceleration (a) in that direction: F=ma or a=F/m

Front 17

Law of Impact and Reaction Forces

Back 17

The earth exerts a force against the body that is equal to the force applied to the earth as one moves.

Front 18

Kinesthetic Awareness

Back 18

One's sense of one's position and movement in space during various activities.

Front 19

Kyphosis-Lordosis

Back 19

An increase in the normal inward curve of the low back and increased outward curve of the thoracic spine.

Front 20

Flat-Back Posture

Back 20

A position of the spine that minimizes the natural curve by placing the pelvis in a slight posterior tilt.

Front 21

Sway-Back Posture

Back 21

An exaggerated forward curvature of the lumbar spine, often resulting in a protruding abdomen and buttocks; aka Lordosis.

Front 22

Scoliosis

Back 22

A lateral curvature of the vertebral column, usually in the thoracic area.

Front 23

Connective Tissue

Back 23

The tissue that binds together and supports various structures of the body.

Front 24

Agonist

Back 24

A muscle that is directly engaged in contraction; opposes the action of an antagonist muscle.

Front 25

Antagonist

Back 25

The muscle that acts in opposition to the action produced by an agonist muscle.

Front 26

Synergist

Back 26

A muscle that assists another muscle in its function.

Front 27

Co-contraction

Back 27

The mutual coordination of antagonist muscles (such as flexors and extensors) to maintain a position.

Front 28

Stabilizer

Back 28

Muscles that stabilize one joint so a desired movement can be performed in another joint.

Front 29

Isometric Action

Back 29

A contraction in which a muscle exerts force but does not change in length.

Front 30

Hyperextension

Back 30

Extreme of excessive extension of a joint.

Front 31

Superficial

Back 31

External; located close to or on the body surface.

Front 32

Aponeurosis

Back 32

A white, flattened, tendinous expansion that mainly serves to connect a muscle to the parts that it moves.

Front 33

Interdigitate

Back 33

To interlock, like the fingers of folded hands.

Front 34

Lateral

Back 34

Anatomical term meaning away from the midline of the body; pertaining to the side.

Front 35

Supine

Back 35

The position of the body when lying face upward.

Front 36

Circumduction

Back 36

The active or passive circulat comvement of ajoint; a combination of flexion, abduction, extension and adduction mevements.

Front 37

Posterior

Back 37

Anatomical term meaning toward the back; opposite of anterior.

Front 38

Medial

Back 38

Anatomical term meaning toward the midline of the body; pertaining to the center.

Front 39

Anterior

Back 39

Anatomical term meaning toward the front. Same as ventral.

Front 40

Dorsiflex

Back 40

Movement of the dorsum (top) of the foot up toward the shin (proximally).

Front 41

Eversion

Back 41

Movement of the sole of the foot outward.

Front 42

Retraction

Back 42

Scapular adduction

Front 43

Protraction

Back 43

Scapular abduction.

Front 44

Articulation

Back 44

Place of union or junction between two or more bones.

Front 45

Tuberosity

Back 45

A projection or protuberance on a bone usually serving for the attachment of muscles or ligaments.

Front 46

Supinate

Back 46

A triplanar motion at the subtalar joint consisting of dorsiflexion, adduction, and inversion; looks like inversion.

Front 47

Pronate

Back 47

A triplanar motion at the subtalar joint consisting of abduction, dorsiflesion and eversion; closely resembles eversion