Abpsych

Front 1

“depressive disorders,” “affective disorders,” or “depressive neuroses.”

Back 1

Mood Disorder

Front 2

Most central indicators of a full major depressive episode are the _____

Back 2

physical changes

Front 3

Most commonly diagnosed and most severe depression is called a ______

Back 3

major depressive episode

Front 4

Extremely depressed mood state that lasts at least ______

Back 4

2 weeks

Front 5

Loss of energy and inability to engage in pleasurable activities or have any “fun”.

Back 5

Anhedonia

Front 6

Full criteria for a major depressive episode have been met throughout the preceding 2-year period.

Back 6

With persistent major depressive episode

Front 7

People with depression show ______ and ______

Back 7

Dysfunctional reward processing and anhedonia

Front 8

It involves an absence of movement (a stuporous state) or______, in which the muscles are waxy and semirigid, so a patient’s arms or legs remain in any position.

Back 8

Catalepsy

Front 9

The duration of a major depressive episode, if untreated

Back 9

4 to 9 months

Front 10

A less severe version of a manic episode that does not cause marked impairment in social or occupational functioning and need last only 4 days rather than a full week.

Back 10

Hypomanic episode

Front 11

The individuals find extreme pleasure in every activity.

Back 11

Mania

Front 12

This is a mood-incongruent hallucination or delusion.

Back 12

Delusion of grandeur

Front 13

This specifier can be applied to major depressive episodes whether they occur in the context of a persistent depressive order or not, and even to manic episodes, although it is rare—and rarer still in mania.

Back 13

Catatonic features specifier.

Front 14

An individual can experience manic symptoms but feel somewhat depressed or anxious at the same time or be depressed with a few symptoms of mania.

Back 14

Mixed Features

Front 15

Auditory hallucinations

Back 15

mood congruent

Front 16

Patients may also have somatic (physical) delusions, believing and Such hallucinations and delusions are called mood congruent.

Back 16

Psychotic features specifiers

Front 17

These episodes must have occurred for at least 2 years with no evidence of nonseasonal major depressive episodes occurring during that period of time.

Back 17

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Front 18

This specifier applies only if the full criteria for a major depressive episode have been met, whether in the context of a persistent depressive disorder or not

Back 18

Melancholic features specifier.

Front 19

______ exists if one polarity occurs during at least two-thirds of the person’s lifetime.

Back 19

Predominant polarity

Front 20

_______ requires specifying whether a predominantly manic or predominantly depressive episode is present and then noting if enough symptoms of the opposite polarity are present to meet the criteria.

Back 20

Mixed Features

Front 21

These instructions are here because these symptoms, or ______, may or may not accompany a depressive disorder

Back 21

Specifiers

Front 22

If someone you love has died—particularly if the death was unexpected and the person was a member of your immediate family—you may, after your initial reaction to the trauma, have experienced a number of depressive symptoms as well as anxiety, emotional numbness, and denial.

Back 22

Acute Grief

Front 23

_____ may be related to daily and seasonal changes in the production of melatonin, a hormone secreted by the pineal gland.

Back 23

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Front 24

Only partially recover retaining some depressive symptoms

Back 24

Partial Remission

Front 25

The importance of ____________ makes the goals of treating mood disorders somewhat different from those for other psychological disorders

Back 25

Temporal Course

Front 26

This specifier applies to both depressive episodes, whether in the context of persistent depressive disorder or not. While most people with depression sleep less and lose their appetite, individuals with this specifier consistently oversleep and overeat during their depression and therefore gain weight, leading to a higher incidence of diabetes.

Back 26

Atypical features specifier

Front 27

If two or more major depressive episodes occurred and were separated by at least 2 months during which the individual was not depressed, the major depressive disorder is noted as being _____

Back 27

Recurrent

Front 28

In general, guidelines for treating and preventing peripartum depression include __________

Back 28

cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy

Front 29

Seeing or hearing things that aren’t there

Back 29

Hallucinations

Front 30

Best considered a disorder of mood as opposed to a physical disorder (such as an endocrine disorder)

Back 30

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)

Front 31

______ is often a chronic condition that waxes and wanes over time but seldom disappears.

Back 31

Unipolar Depression

Front 32

They believe that they are supernatural or supremely gifted

Back 32

Delusions of grandeur

Front 33

It shares many of the symptoms of major depressive disorder but differs in its course.

Back 33

Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)

Front 34

Two most important factors that describe mood disorders are _________

Back 34

Severity and Chronicity

Front 35

Full criteria for a major depressive episode are not currently met, but there has been one or more major depressive episodes in at least the preceding 2 years.

Back 35

With intermittent major depressive episodes, without current episode

Front 36

The natural grieving process called ______ can also be closely related to depression

Back 36

Acute Grief

Front 37

It is defined as depressed mood that continues at least 2 years, during which the patient cannot be symptom free for more than 2 months at a time.

Back 37

Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)

Front 38

The period of time just before and just after the birth. This specifier can apply to both major depressive and manic episodes.

Back 38

Peripartum onset specifier

Front 39

Strongly held but inaccurate beliefs.

Back 39

Delusions

Front 40

The most easily recognized mood disorder is ________, defined by the presence of depression and the absence of manic, or hypomanic episodes, before or during the disorder.

Back 40

Major depressive disorder

Front 41

It suffered from severe and sometimes incapacitating emotional reactions during the premenstrual period

Back 41

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)

Front 42

The finality of death and its consequences are acknowledged and the individual adjusts to the loss. New, bittersweet, but mostly positive memories of the deceased person that are no longer dominating or interfering with functioning are then incorporated into memory.

Back 42

Integrated Grief

Front 43

How persistent depressive disorder and major depressive disorder differ from each other?

Back 43

Number of symptoms required, but mostly it is in the chronicity

Front 44

Predominantly depressive episodes that have several (at least three) symptoms of mania as described above would meet this specifier, which applies to major depressive episodes both within major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder.

Back 44

Mixed features specifier.

Front 45

Individuals who have major depressive episodes and persistent depression with fewer symptoms are said to have _____

Back 45

Double Depression.