Abnormal Psych Exam 2

Front 1

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Back 1

Worry about two life domains for at least half of day, high comorbidity, high avoidance, somatic or cognitive symptoms, must last 6 months.

Front 2

Agoraphobia

Back 2

Fear/anxiety of at least 2 situations where it would be difficult to escape. Fear of crowded situations where escape may be difficult. 50 percent report panic attacks.

Front 3

Panic disorder

Back 3

Recurrent, unexpected panic attacks. Must persist for one month. Interceptor avoidance=person may avoid thing that cause physiological changes which may trigger attack.

Front 4

Treatment Generalized anxiety disorder

Back 4

Treated with benzodiazepines, ssri. Cognitive behavioral therapy, acceptance, meditation (better long term results than medication)

Front 5

Treatment for panic disorder and agoraphobia

Back 5

Medications: benzodiapines, ssri, beta blockers. High relapse rate when medication is stopped.

Psychological: exposure, reality testing, relaxation, breathing techniques.

Panic control treatment: exposure to interoceptive cues, cognitive therapy, relaxation techniques. High degree of efficacy

Front 6

Specific phobias

Back 6

Irrational fear of specific object, significant impairment to life, avoidance of object

Front 7

Social anxiety disorder

Back 7

Extreme fear triggered by social scrutiny, fear of negative evaluation and social situations. Fear and avoidance and must last 6 months. Onset starts at adolescents.

Front 8

Exposure therapy

Back 8

Spaced vs. Mass: exposure over long periods of time vs. Huge chunk of time exposure

Flooding vs. Systematic: starting at top of fear hierarchy vs. Gradually working tour way to the top. desensitization

Imaginal vs. In-vivo: showing photos or imagining vs. A present fear

Front 9

Ocd

Back 9

Time consuming or distressing, is often chronic, 60% have multiple obsessions.

Front 10

Ptsd

Back 10

Trauma exposure, continued reexperiencing, avoidance, negative alterations, physiological arousal, persists for 1 month or longer.

Front 11

Ptsd treatment

Back 11

Imaginal exposure, Dr. Foa's: supportive counciling with a little bit of exposure.

Front 12

Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Back 12

Preoccupation with perceived defect over appearance, repetitive behaviors or mental acts.

Front 13

Treatment for Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Back 13

Exposure response prevention, mirror exposure

Front 14

Charpita and Barlow

Back 14

View anxiety disorders as uncontrollability.

Front 15

Schizophrenia

Back 15

Positive symptoms: exaggerations or excess, delusions and hallucinations

Negative symptoms: absence of normal behavior, avolition alogis, anhedonia, flat effect

Disorganized symptoms: disorganized speech and behavior and catatonia

Front 16

DSM Criteria for Schizophrenia

Back 16

One symptom of following

1. Delusions 2. Hallucinations 3. Disorganized speech 4. Catatonic behavior 5. Negative symptoms as well as social and occupational functioning decline. Signs must be around for six months.

Front 17

Influences of schizophrenia

Back 17

Development: early childhood. Cultural factors: difficulties with labels, worldwide prevalence is similar. Genetic: increased risk with genetic relatedness. Genes that influence eye movement are usually also damaged. Neurobiological: excess of d2 receptors and deficit of d1 receptors. Enlarged lateral ventricles. Glutamate can induce positive and negative symptoms. Prenatal and perinatal: excessive pruning of neural connections during adolescents.

Front 18

Prevalence of schizophrenia

Back 18

Onset for men is 15-30 while women is 40-55. Individuals who have it, despite there being few, have lower life expectancy and lower quality of life.

Front 19

Schizophrenia treatments

Back 19

Biological: antipsychotic medications decrease positive symptoms but have horrible side effects. Transcranial magnetic stimulation excites neurons in the brain. Psychological: social skills training, community care, behavioral family therapy.

Front 20

Schizophreniform disorder

Back 20

Schizophrenia but for only 1 to 6 months.

Front 21

Brief psychotic disorder

Back 21

Positive symptoms, one day to one month, usually caused by stress

Front 22

Delusional disorder

Back 22

Ideas of grandiose or jealousy, persists for at least a month

Front 23

Achizoaffective disorder

Back 23

Symptoms of schizophrenia but with a mood disorder as well. Delusions or hallucinations for two weeks or more in absence of mood symptoms.

Front 24

Schizotypal personality disorder

Back 24

Similar symptoms to schizophrenia but less severe.

Front 25

Anorexia nervosa

Back 25

Underweight, fear of weight gain, distortions of shape, highest mortality rate of eating disorders. Two types, restricting type and binge/purge type.

Front 26

Bulimia nervosa

Back 26

Engage in objective binge eating and loss of control. Innapropriate compensentory behaviors. Undue influence of weight or shape. Have normal body weight.

Front 27

Binge eating disorder

Back 27

Objective binge episodes, no innapropriate compensatory behaviors, does not occur during other eating disorders

Front 28

Osfeds

Back 28

Behavior that seem like eating disorder but isn't quite

Front 29

Treatments for eating disorders

Back 29

Fairburn cognitive behavioral therapy: self monitor and regulation, challenge faulty cognition, maintain. Interpersonal therapy: focused on building social support. Mindfulnessnapproaches: eating mindfully

Front 30

Substance abuse

Back 30

Excessive substance use with no physiological dependence

Front 31

Substance dependance

Back 31

Physiological need for increasing amounts of substance

Front 32

Alcohol use

Back 32

More common in men, the most prevalent substance abuse disorder.

Front 33

Opponent process therapy

Back 33

Take drug, experience high, drug positively reinforced, crash, take more drug

Front 34

Substance abuse treatment biological

Back 34

Agonist substitution: take safer similar drug antagonist treatment: blocks pleasure effects aversive treatment: makes drug use bad medications: use to cope with withdrawal symptoms

Front 35

Substance abuse treatment psychological

Back 35

Project MATCH, 12 step program

Front 36

Substance abuse psychosocial trratment

Back 36

Prevention approaches

Front 37

Sexual response cycle

Back 37

Desire, excitement, orgasm, resolution.

Front 38

Desire and arousal dysfunction

Back 38

Hypoactive sexual desire for men, sexual arousal disorder for women, erectile disorder

Front 39

Orgasmic disorder

Back 39

Female orgasmic disorder, delayed ejaculation disorder, early ejaculation

Front 40

Sexual pain disorder

Back 40

Genitonpelvic pain/penetration disorder

Front 41

Barlow model

Back 41

Psychosoicological arousal, cognitive processes, negative effect

Front 42

Paraphillias

Back 42

Occurs most often in men, reliance on nongenital thing to get sexual excited

Front 43

Paraphillias

Back 43

Transbestic fetishism, pedophillic disorder, voyeuristic disorder, exhibitionistic disorder, frotteuristic disorder, sexual sadism and masochism

Front 44

Treatment for paraphilias

Back 44

Behavioral therapy (aversion, covert sensitization, assisted covert sensitization) cognitive therapy, biological treatment

Front 45

Gender dysphoric disorder

Back 45

Feeling like one is of the opposite gender, must feel distress

Front 46

Hey cameron

Back 46

You smell.