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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
of a disorder is a condition that guarentees the occurrence of a disorder
"If cause X occurss then disorder Y will also occur" Ex: hopeless (x) is a sufficient cause of depression (y) |
Sufficient Cause
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is one that increases the probablity of a disorder developing but is neither necessary nor sufficient for the disorder to occur
If x occurs then the probability of disorder Y increases Ex: parental rejection could increase the probability that a child will later have difficulity in handling close personal relationships-being rejected relationships in adulthood will precipitate depression |
Contributory cause
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some causal factors occuring relatively early in life may not show their effects for many years; these would be considered _____ ____ ____ that may contribute to a predisposition to develop a disorder
Ex: loss of a parent early in life or having abusive or neglectful parents as a child, may serve as a ____ ___ cause predisposing the person to depression or antisocial behaviors in adulthoot |
Distal causal factor
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by contrast other causal factors operate shortly before the occurrence of the symptoms of a disorder; these would be considered ____ ____ _____
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Proximal causal factors
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a predisposition toward developing a disorder
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diathesis
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a viewpoint that achknowledges the interacting roles of biological, psychosocial, and sociocultural factors in the origins of psychopathology
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Biopsychosocial viewpoint
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a condition that increases the probability of developing a disorder but that is neither necessary nor sufficient for it to occur
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Contributory cause
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view of abnormal behavior as the result of stress operating on an individual who has a biological, psychosocial, or sociocultural predisposition to developing a specific disorder
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Diathesis stress model
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causal pattern of abnormal behavior
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Etiology
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influences that modify a person's response to an environmental stressor, making it less likely that teh person will experience the adverse effects of the stressor
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Protective factors
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the ability to adapt successfully to even very difficult circumstances
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resilience
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determination of the nature and extent of a specific disorder
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diagnosis
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drugs that are used primarily for alleviating anxiety
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anti-anxiety drugs
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drugs that are used primarily to elevate mood and relieve depression. Often also used in treatment of certain anxiety disorders, bulimia and certain personality disorders
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antidepressant drugs
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medications that alleviate or diminish the intensity of psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations or delusions
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Anti-psychotic drugs
(neuroleptics) |
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drugs used to treat psychotic disorders (like schizeophrenia) also called antipsychotic and neuroleptics
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anti-psychotic medicatio
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use of medications to treat psychological disorders
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psychopharmacology
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current diagnostic manual of American Psychiatric Association
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DSM-IV-TR
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techniques that use various ambiguous stimuli that a subject is encouraged to interpret and from which the subjects personality characteristrics can be analyzed
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Projective Tests
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structured tests such as questionnaires, self inventories, or rating scales, used in psychological treatment
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objective tests
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consistency and repeatability
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reliability
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concerns the degree to which the test measures what
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validity
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use of electricity to produce convulsions and unconciousness; a treatment used primarily to alleviate depressive and manic episodes.
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ect Electroconvulsive Therapy
Also known as electro shock therapy |
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use of therapeautic procedures based primarily on principles of classical and operant conditioning
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Behavior therapy
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a theorectical viewpoint organized around the theme that learning is central in determining human behavior
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Behavioral perspective
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therapy based on altering dysfunctional thoughts and cognitive distortion
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cognitive/cognitive-behavioral therapy
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a theory of abnormal behavior that focuses on how thoughts and information processing can become distorted and lead to maladaptive emotions and behavior
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cognitive-behavioral perspective
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psychotherapies emphasizing personal growth and self-direction
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Humanistic-experiemental therapies
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approach to understanding abnormal behavior that views basic human nature as "good" and emphasizing people's inherent capacity for growth and self-actualization
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Humanistic Perspective
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theories of psychopathology based on modification and revision of Freud's perspective
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Psycho dynamic perspective
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psychological treatment that focuses on individual personality dynamic and psycho dynmacially derived perspective
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Psychodynamic therapy
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treatment of mental disorders by psychological methods
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psycho therapy
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surgery of the nervous system especially the brain
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neurosurgery
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time taken for the level of an active drug or medication in the body to be reduced to 50 percent of the original level
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drug half life
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science of determining which drugs alleviate which disorders and why they do so
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Psychopharmacology
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structured tests, such as questionnaires, self-inventories, or rating scales, used in psychological assessment
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objective tests
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techniques that use various ambigous stimuli that a subject is encouraged to interpret and from which the subjects personality characteristics can be analyzed
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protective tests
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