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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
superficial skin layer that contains stratum corneum, stratum basale, hair shafts and sweat gland pores
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epidermis
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the epidermis is made mostly of (XY) cells
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squamous epithelial
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the outermost layer of skin
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stratum corneum
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Skin cells produced in the (XX) are pushed up into the (YY) by newer cells being produced; the last few layers of the (XX) are dead cells that are continually shed
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stratum basale
stratum corneum |
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protein found in the stratum corneum that makes this layer tough and impenetrable
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keratin
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innermost layer of the epidermis
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stratum basale
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why do cells die as they move from the stratum basale to the stratum corneum?
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they move away from the nutrient and oxygen supply of the base layer
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a dark pigment in the skin and hair that is produced by melanocytes found in the stratum basale
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melanin
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Melanin protects against (X)
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ultraviolet rays of the sun
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the layer below the epidermis
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dermis
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The (X) layer is composed of connective (Y), (Z) vessels, glands, (ZZ) tissues, (YY) endings and (XX) follicles.
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dermis
connective tissue blood vessels glands muscle tissue nerve endings hair follicles |
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the muscle attached to the root of the hair
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arrector pili
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blood vessels bring blood to the epidermis and regulate (X)
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body temperature
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when body temperature (X), blood vessels fill with blood, bringing the heat closer to the (Y) of the skin and allowing it to dissipate by evaporating (Z)
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rises
surface sweat |
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nerve endings are general (X) (Y) for pressure, temperature and pain
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sensory receptors
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nerves and blood vessels are found in what layer of the skin?
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nerves: dermis
blood vessels: dermis and subcutaneous layer (superficial fascia or hypodermis) |
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three names for the deepest layer of the three dermis layers:
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hypodermis
superficial fascia subcutaneous layer |
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the subcutaneous layer, or (X) is composed mostly of connective tissues (primarily Y tissue) and (Z) vessels; varies in (ZZ) depending on location in body and other factors.
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hypodermis
adipose blood thickness |
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glands located along the shaft of the hair
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sebaceous glands
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sebaceous glands secrete (X), an oily substance, along the (Y) that disperses along the surface of the skin and keeps the stratum corneum supple and (Z)
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sebum
hair shaft waterproof |
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sudorifer=
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sweat
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sweat (adj) aka
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sudorifer
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glands that produce and secrete perspiration
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sudoriferous glands
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sebaceous glands secrete X,
sudoriferous glands have ODOR and secrete Y |
sebum
sweat |
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sweat is 99% (X) and contains some (Y,Z,and ZZ) sweat eliminates some wastes and cools the body
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water
electrolytes salt urea |
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most numerous type of sweat glands
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eccrine
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sweat cools the body by removing (X) through (Y)
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heat
evaporation |
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larger sweat glands; secrete a relatively viscous and smelly sweat
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apocrine
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(X) glands produce (Y) in the axillary and (Z) regions; active at puberty
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apocrine
sweat pubic |
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"Eccrine are Everywhere, Apocrine are Adolescent and Axillary" reminds me that:
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eccrine sweat glands are located througout the body, particularly on the back, forehead, hands and feet.
Apocrine are larger sweat glands located in the axillary and pubic regions; become active at puberty. |
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"stomp your feet, clap your hands, slap your back, and wipe your brow..."
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common body regions of eccrine sweat glands
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specialized sudoriferous glands in the breasts that secrete milk
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mammary glands
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specialized secretory glands in the external ear canal that secrete cerumen (ear wax)
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ceruminous glands
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cera=
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wax
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three parts of a hair (like a sprout)
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shaft
root bulb |
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main fx of hair
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protection
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hardened layer of stratum corneum that protect the digits
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finger and toenails
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hair is keratinized or nonkeratinized?
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keratinized tissue that develops from the bulb in the hair follicle
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hair grows approximately 1 mm every (X) days
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3
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integumentary system 4 functions:
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protection (against dehydration and invasion of pathogenic organisms)
temperature regulation (through sweating and blood diversion to dissipate heat) sensory reception (pain, touch, pressure and temperature receptors) cutaneous absorption (skin absorbs UV light, oxygen, CO2, lipids, and some plant elements) |