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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The skin is made up of _____tissue
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epithelial
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The skin is classified as a
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membrane
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What is the largest organ
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the skin
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What system is the skin part of
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integumentary system
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the superficial protective layer of the skin is
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the epidermis
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The epidermis is mostly made up of
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epithelium
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how many layers of cells is the epidermis
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4-5 layers
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what toughens the skin
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keratin
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the top layers of the epidermis are ______the bottom layer is _____
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dead, alive
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the bottom layer of the epidermis is constantly doing this
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making new skin cells
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this is a brownish/black pigment that provides color to the skin
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melanin
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this is a yellowish pigment that is most abundant in Asians
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carotene
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hemoglobin is a pigment in
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red blood cells
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New epidermal cells are produced in the deepest layer of the epidermis these cells are called
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stratum basales
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stratum germinatvum are constantly_____and producing daughter cells which are then pushed upward to the skins surface
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dividing
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the outer most layer of the epidermis is called the
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stratum corneum
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melanin is produced in the ______layer of the epidermis
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deepest
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the dermis is often called the
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true skin
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what structures are found in the dermis
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the accessory structures
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what are the accessory structures
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sweat glands, oil glands & hairs
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irregular patches of melanin are called
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freckles
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melanin is produced by
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melanocytes
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Sudoriforous glands produce
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sweat
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sabaceous glands produce
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oil
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blood vessels help regulate_____
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temperature
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vasodialation creates_____heat has more blood flow & decreases pressure
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more heat
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Vasoconstriction produces less heat, pressure _______against the vessel walls.
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increases
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the epidermis & the dermis together are the
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cutaneous membrane
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this skin layer binds; it's thiskness varies in different locations of the body.
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subcutaneous layer
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____have 8 % more subcutaneous tissue
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woman
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the subcutaneous layer is sometimes referred to as the
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hypodermis or superficial fascia
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sudoriferous glands are______ ______-like structures located in the subcutaneous tissue
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coiled, tube-like
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What is the name of the oily secretions that come from a sebaceous gland
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sebum
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sudoriferous glands (sweat glands) originate as coiled tubes & open up as a_____
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pore
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Sweat glands (sudoriferous glands) secrete _____,______&______products
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water, minerals & waste products
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Sudoriferous (sweat) glands are found most numerouson the ______,______,________& _______
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forehead, palms of hands, soles of feet & the axillary
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What is the modified sweat gland
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cerumenous glands
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what is cerumen
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ear wax
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Cerumenous glands are what type of gland
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sudoriferous sweat
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oil glands that are sac like in structure; the ducts open into the hair follicles & lubricate the hair & skin
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Sebaceous glands
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what is the cheesy varnish found on babies at birth
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vernix caseosa
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meibomian glands are associated with______and produces a secretion that lubricates the________
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eyelashes, eyes
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What are black heads made of
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dried sebum & keratin
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apocrine sweat glands are located where
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in the axillary & groin areas
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The ciliary glands are located where _______& called_____ _____
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at the edges of the eyelids, tear ducts
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Hair is composed mainly of
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keratin
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what part of the hair is living
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the follicle
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the hair_____is above the skin the hair_____is below the skin
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shaft, root
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attached to most hair follicles is a thin band of involutary muscle that contracts to form goose bumps this muscle is called
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arrector pili
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What are finger nails made of
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hard keratin
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what is the growth region of the nail
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(nail matrix) nail root
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what diseases can change the appearance of the nail
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chronic diseases like heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, malnutrition & anemia
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What does SPARE P stand for
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S sense organ-sense of touch
P protection intact skin A absorption R regulation- temperature E excretion P psychological well being |
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blue coloring of the skin is
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cyanosis
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Where is pigment found
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in the skin, hair, middle coat of the eyeball, the iris & certain tumors
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three types of modified sweat glands _________,________,________glands
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cerumanous, ciliary, mammary glands
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The skin may be regarded as one of the chief______organs of the body
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sensory
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______skin forms the primary barrier against invasion of pathogens
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intact
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The _____is the surface portion of the skin
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epidermis
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Proper nutrition and adequate circulation are vital to the _____of skin
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maintenance
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The main pigment of the skin is _____a dark pigment
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melanin
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When the blood vessels_____, more blood is brought to the surface so that heat can dissapate
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dialate
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Vitamin____is needed for the developement & maintenance of bone tissue manufactured in the skin under the effect of sunlight
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D
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The dermis rests on the sub q layer, sometimes referred to as the ______or______ ________
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hypodermis or superficial fascia
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New nails form continuously, in a nail matrix at the ______end of the nail in an area called the nail root
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proximal
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Appendages or accessories of the skin includes_____,______& _____
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glands, hair & nails
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______glands lubricate the skin & hair to prevent drying
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sebaceous
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The human skin does not _____
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breath
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The only living cells of the epidermis are found in it's _____layer, the stratum germinativum, also known as the stratum basale
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deepest
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The______of perspiration from the surface of the skin draws heat from the body
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evaporation
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True skin is the _____
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dermis
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Hair is not____& it developes from living cells within the ____called a follicle
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living, sheath
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_____serves to thicken & protect the skin
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keratin
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Substances can be______through the skin in limited amounts
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absorbed
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The suboriforous glands, coiled tubelike structures are the _____glands
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sweat
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