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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
where plates separate
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divergent boundaries
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where plates slide past each other
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transform plate boundaries |
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when edges of continental or oceanic plates move toward each other and collide |
convergent plate boundaries |
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The layer of the mantle that lies directly below the lithosphere and flows like taffy. |
Asthenosphere |
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A mountain like landform that develops when plates separate and new ocean lithosphere forms |
Mid - Ocean Ridge
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A theory that the lithosphere is broken into segments or plates that float on the asthenosphere, and that interacted among these plates are associated with earthquakes and volcanic activity.
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Plate tectonics |
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The point on the surface on the earth directly above the focus of an earthquake
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Epicenter
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A secondary earthquake wave: so named because it traveks slower than a primary wave and is the second wave to reach a seismograph station after an earthquake |
S waves |
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A primary earthquake wave that travels through the body of the earth: so named because it is the first wave to reach a seismograph during an earthquake |
P waves
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An earthquake wave that travels on or near the surface of the earth
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surface waves |
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An earthquake wave that travels through the body of the earth rather than on its surface
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Body Waves
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A wave generated by earthquake vibrations
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Seismic waves |
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A scientist who studies earthquakes |
seismologist |
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A fracture in bedrock, along which blocks of rock on opposite sides of the fracture move |
fault |
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Vibrations in the earth caused by sudden release of energy, usually as a result of the movement of rocks along a fault
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Earthquake |
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The layer of the earth beneath the crust. It is about 2900 km thick and it makes up about 83% of the earths interior
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Mantle
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The cool, solid outer shell of the earth. It consists of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle and is broken up into segments, or plates |
Lithosphere
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An instrument that detects, records, and measures the vibrations produced by an earthquake
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Seismograph |
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Approximately 5 to 10 km thick and lies beneath ocean waters. Dense and cold material. |
Ocean Crust
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Contains landmasses and ranges from 15 - 70 km. It is the thickest in mountainous areas. Less dense materials. |
Continental Crust |
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Where one plate slides under another plate |
Subduction |
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A deep narrow depression in the seafloor. Formed by subduction. |
Deep sea trench |
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Where lava cools quickly in the cold ocean as it does in hawaii |
Pillow lava |
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A volcano that forms from alternating eruptions of viscous lava and less viscous lava |
Composite volcano |