7Th Gr Science-From Bacteria To Plants Ch 4 Sec 1

Front 1

Plants

Back 1

Plants are autotrophs that produce their own food. They are also eukaryotes that contain many cells.

Front 2

Photosynthesis

Back 2

The process by which plants and some other organisms capture light energy (from the sun) and use it to make food from carbon dioxide and water. Plants then release oxygen into the air through their leaves.

Front 3

Cell Wall

Back 3

A boundary that surrounds the cell membrane and separates the cell from the environment. Cell walls are made mostly of cellulose (a chemical that makes the walls rigid). Because of the rigid cell walls, plant cells look something like boxes.

Front 4

Chloroplast

Back 4

The structure of plant cells in which food is made. Chloroplasts look like green jelly beans.

Front 5

Vacuole

Back 5

A large sack-like storage area in a cell. A vacuole stores many substances, including water, wastes, and food. A vacuole expands like a balloon when water enters it and shrinks when water leaves it. If too much water leaves a plant's vacuoles, the plant wilts.

Front 6

Tissues

Back 6

Groups of similar cells that perform a specific function in an organism.

Front 7

Chlorophyll

Back 7

A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants as well as in algae and some bacteria.

Front 8

Cuticle

Back 8

The waxy, waterproof layer that covers the leaves and stems of some plants.

Front 9

Vascular Plants

Back 9

Vascular plants are plants that have vascular tissue. They grow quite tall because they have an effective way of transporting substances to distant cells.

Front 10

Vascular Tissue

Back 10

An internal system of tubelike structures through which water and food move inside the plant.

Front 11

Fertilization

Back 11

When a sperm cell unites with an egg cell.

Front 12

Zygote

Back 12

A fertilized egg

Front 13

Plant Life Cycles

Back 13

A sperm cell and an egg cell join to form a zygote. The zygote then develops into a sporophyte. The sporophyte produces spores, which develop into the gameophyte. Then the gameophyte produces sperm cells and egg cells and the cycle starts again.