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138 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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True or false there more than a billion head of cattle in the world(cow) |
true |
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Who brought the first cattle to the new world (bonus name the type of cattle he brought) |
Christopher Columbus (bonus Spanish long horn) |
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In 1850 what was the leading cattle-producing state in the nation |
Texas |
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Define the word heifer |
A female that has not given birth to any offspring (cow) |
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Define the term steer |
A male bovine castrated before sexual maturity |
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What is a stag |
A male bovine castrated after sex characteristics have developed |
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What is ridgling |
An animal with one testicle removed or the animal's half castrated |
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What does the term growth rate mean |
The weight for age |
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Is the growth rate of heritable trait |
Yes |
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If you're going to breed a heifer at 15 months of age what is the ideal weight for the animal |
1000 to 1200 pounds |
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What is a market steer |
An animal selected and fed for meat production |
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Name at least three traits to look for When selecting a beef steer calf |
A good length of body moderately heavy boned stand Square on all four legs well-muscled Trim in the brisket and belly |
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The average tuition to gain how many pounds per day while on feed |
2 pounds |
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Charles steers of larger breeds made way more than 1,300 pounds by the time they are grade choice(cow) |
True |
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A measure of red meat yield on a carcass is known as blank(cow) |
Yield grade |
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Name two plants poisonous to cattle(cow) |
Swampgrass, bracken fern, Marigold, Moss, mom Lupine tansy ragwort rhododendrons and pine needles |
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Name two of the five nutrients needed to maintain a healthy animal(cow) |
Energy nutrients proteins vitamins minerals and water |
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Name two indicators that an animal is in heat(cow) |
Restlessness standing to be mounted mounting others swollen vulva noisy indication of clear mucous and slightly elevated temperature |
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Name two of the four stomachs of a cow(cow) |
Roman reticulum omasum and abomason |
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When cud is chewed and reswallowed again it passes through the esophagus into this compartment(cow) |
The reticulum |
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After the recticulum the food is transferred to this compartment which is known as the many Plies or butchers Bible(cow) |
Omasum |
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From the omasum the food is squeezed into this compartment known as the true stomach and is the only functioning compartment of a younger ruminant animal(cow) |
Abomasum |
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What two things stimulate a calfs appetite(cow) |
Competition for food and exercise |
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Name two quality grades for beef(cow) |
Prime Choice good standard commercial and utility |
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What quality of beef is preferred(cow) |
USDA choice |
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What does the term marbling mean on a cow(cow) |
Distribution of fatty deposits in a cut of meat |
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What grade of meat has the most marbling(cow) |
Prime |
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What does USDA stand for |
United States Department of Agriculture |
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Name the most efficient and cost-effective form of disease and parasite control |
Prevention |
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Name one sign of a sick calf(cow) |
Loss of appetite head down and droopy ears |
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Brucellosis is also known as blank |
Bangs disease |
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Shipping fever is also known as blank |
Pneumonia |
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White muscle disease is caused by a lack of this in an animal's diet |
Selenium |
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Warts are caused by a |
Virus infection |
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Cows Scours also known as blank(cow) |
Diarrhea |
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Name two external parasites for cattle |
Horn flies heel flies mites lice ticks xcetera |
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How do flies cause poor performance in cattle |
When flies bite and suck blood they are tremendous and annoyance and cause cattle to spend a considerable amount of time in the shade or a place of protection this causes abnormal grazing habits and poor weight gain performance |
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What are some signs of lice in cattle |
Running excessively against fences or trees and hair loss |
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Warbles are also known as blank(cow) |
Cattle grubs |
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What are warbles or cattle grubs |
The maggot stage of heel flies |
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What is the ball gun used for(cow) |
Administering medicine orally in capsules or pill form |
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What is a dosing syringe(cow) |
A form of giving liquid medicine orally |
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Why are steers dehorned(cow) |
To prevent injury and bruising in other animals |
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What does it mean if a cow is an estrus or heat |
The period in which a cow will accept a bull for breeding |
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How often does a cow go into heat |
Every 21 days |
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How long is a cow in heat for |
18 hours |
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True or false a pregnant cow can go into heat |
False |
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Define the term parturition |
The act of giving birth |
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Define the term gestation period |
From the time the female becomes pregnant to birth |
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What is the gestation Period for a cow |
9 months |
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In a pregnant cow the fetus is attached to and develops where |
The uterus or the uterine horn |
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The late stages of pregnancy in cows are sometimes referred to as blank |
Heavy with a calf |
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When practicing artificial insemination what is the volume of semen in the vile used |
1/10 of a cc |
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In order for a cow to calve every 12 months how many days after calving must she be bred and impregnated |
In 82 days |
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What is a Springer(cow) |
A cow or heifer showing signs of advanced pregnancy and are close to calving |
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What does the term lactation refer to |
The period in which a cow produces milk |
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Define barren(cow) |
A sterile or female that cannot reproduce |
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What is a freemartin(cow) |
The female of unlike twins that is sterile |
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Define the term open female(cow) |
A female that is not pregnant |
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Grass tetany is a lack of what mineral |
Magnesium |
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What should be put up the navel of a newborn calf |
Strong iodine 7% tincture of iodine |
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What is the scientific name for domestic cattle |
Bos taurus |
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Name the advantage of the ruminant digestive system(cow) |
The ability to break down plant matter or cellouseand the ability to manufacture nutrients |
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For a high-energy to feed a 1000 pound steer how much grain is required daily 30 pounds or 25 pounds or 20 pounds |
25 pounds |
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What is the normal temperature for an adult beef animal |
101.5 degrees Fahrenheit |
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What is creep feeding |
A feeder that allows calves to eat away from mature animals |
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True or false a creep feeder should move 15 feet per hour |
False |
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Define the term polled |
Genetically born without horns |
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What are some signs of excessive fat from a side view of an animal |
Heavy brisket, Deep full flank, have a bulge just around the neck on the lower quarter |
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Is muscling indicated by bulges or smoothness |
Bulges |
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Name one of the common protein supplements used in cattle feed |
Cottonseed meal, linseed meal, and soybean meal |
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A 600 pound calf needs about how many pounds of crude protein in a day |
One to one and a half pounds |
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What kind of feed is hay silage and pasture grass considered to be |
Roughage |
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Calves will gain weight faster, if concentrate or Roughage is in the majority of their food ration |
Concentrate |
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True or false fiber is easily digested by cows |
False |
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What bones on a cow referred to as hooks |
The hip bones |
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Are purebred and Thoroughbred the same |
No |
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Define purebred |
An animal whose lines include the same as the breed type |
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Define thoroughbred |
A breed of horse |
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(cow)What are Scurs |
Small and imperfectly formed horns not attached to the skull |
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Sheep |
Sheep |
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When is the best time to judge a ram for soundness before purchasing an animal |
Right after the animal has been sheared |
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What type of digestive system do sheep's have |
Ruminant |
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Name two Animals that are ruminant other than sheep |
Cattle, goats, buffalo, giraffe, yes, water buffalo, dear, camels, alpacas, llamas, wildebeast,and antelope |
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Sheep have behavioral characteristics known as flocking what does this term refer to |
Grouping together and not wandering off separately |
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Name to use is for sheep |
Hides meat wool and milk |
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How many breeds of sheep are in the world today |
200 |
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Describe the term post legged |
Extremely straight hind legs |
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Loin located on the sheep |
Between the hips and ribs |
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Where is the Dewclaw located on the sheep |
Between the shank and the pastern on the front feet |
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What what part of the sheet does the term pastern apply to on the front feet |
The portion of the leg between the foot and the ankle |
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Where is the poll located on the sheep |
On the very top of the head |
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Define the term wool blindness |
The face of the animal is covered with wool and as the season progresses the wool covers the eyes |
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Why is the pendolous udder undersirable |
It hangs to low and the udder is subject to more injury |
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Breeds of sheep are class of by 3 wool categories names them |
Fine medium and long or coarse wool |
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What are the temporary teeth in lamb called |
Milk teeth (8) |
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How many teeth does a 2 year old sheep have |
Four permanent teeth |
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What does the term cross breed refer to |
The mating of two or more sheep breeds |
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What does the term bummer lamb mean |
An orphan or a lamb that has been taken by its mother |
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Young lambs use the nutrients from the feed for what mean purpose |
Growth and maintenance |
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Which feeds are considered to be high in energy feeds |
Corn and barley |
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After shearing what is the term used for in washed fleece |
Raw or grease wool |
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when the term grade is applied to wool it means what |
The actual thickness of an individual strand of wool |
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When sell wool name 2 things you would want to keep out of your wool |
Mud or dung tags hay grain un washable paint or bailing twine |
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What does the term immunity mean |
The ability to fight diseases |
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Define the term parasites |
An internal or external organism living off another organism |
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Name to external parasites for sheep |
Keds, lice, blow flies, nose bots, and ticks |
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What is a ked |
A wingless fly known as a sheep tick |
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How do you determine if a sheep has keds |
Look at part of the wool especially around the neck to observe them |
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Extremely thin and listless sheep with runny noses and coughs may be showing signs of what problem |
Internal parasites |
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Name 2 common internal parasites on sheep |
Roundworms flukes and tapeworms |
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Most internal parasites cannot be detected by looking at sheep drop how ever this parasite can |
Tapeworms |
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The most common internal parasite for sheep |
Roundworms |
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When should lambs be wormed |
At weaning or at 2 months old |
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What does the condition for scours discribe |
Loose manure generally associated with an infection in the intestinal tract overfeeding or feed with high moisture content |
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Stiff lamb disease is also known as |
White muscle disease |
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Name 2 ways of preventing disease in a flock |
Practice good sanitation, isolate newly acquired animals, maintain a healthy enviroment, and eradicate disease |
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What causes metabolic diseases or disorders in sheep |
Nutritional deficiency or imbalances |
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Acidosis is also referred to as |
Grain overload |
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What causes salt poisoning |
Lack of water and inconsistent supply of salt |
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What is the definition of enterotoxemia |
A pulpy kidney or overeating disease |
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Bumble foot accurs when |
A bacterial infection develops in a foot wound |
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Define the term entropion |
An inverse or turning inward of the eyelids towards the eyeball which causes severe irritation |
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What does the term tags refer to |
Wool with manure mud or other foreign matter tightly matted with wool |
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Sheep will not drink stagnant or dirty water how can an owner be sure there sheep are drinking |
Clean and rinse water containers and also through automatic waterers |
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What Is the purpose of a tattoo on a sheep |
Identification |
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What do the terms sire and dam refer to |
The Mother And Father sheep |
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At what age can an ewe be breed |
Five to 7 months |
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What is the length of estrus or heat in a sheep |
17 to 20 days |
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How long is the gestation period for sheep |
145 days |
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Why shouldn't pregnant ewes be closely confined |
They require daily exersize |
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What does crutching mean |
The removal of wool in the vicinity of the udder,hind flanks,and the hind parts of the sheep. This is usually done about a month prior to giving birth |
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What's the normal birth position for a lamb |
Head and front feet coming out first |
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What does breech birth refer to |
When a lamb is coming out of a mother back feet first |
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What time frame is most critical for lambs |
Between birth and 7 days old |
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When a lamb is weaned what does that mean |
The process of taking a lamb away from its mother and cutting off the milk supply |
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What is castration |
The removal of testicles |
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What is the term for a male sheep castrated as a lamb |
Whether |
