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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Age distribution |
The distributions of age in a population |
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Carrying capacity |
The largest number of people that the environment of a particular area can support |
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Cohort |
a category of people with something in common, usually their age
Ex. College towns with college students |
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Demographic equation |
equation that summarizes the amount of growth or decline in a population during a certain period of time, also taking into account net migration and natural increase |
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Demographic momentum |
this is the tendency for growing population to continue growing after a fertility decline because of their young age distribution. This is important because once this happens a country moves to a different stage in the demographic transition model. |
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Demographic regions |
Regions grouped together by the stage of the demographic transition model that most countries in the region are in. |
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Demographic transition model |
A sequence of demographic changes in which a country moves from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates through time. Stage 1 is low growth (low stationary), Stage 2 is High Growth (early expanding), Stage 3 is Moderate Growth (late expanding), and Stage 4 is Low Growth (low stationary), and Stage 5 although not officially a stage is a possible stage that includes zero or negative population growth. |
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Dependency ratio |
The number of nonworking members compared to working members for a given population
Ex. Retired elderly and young children |
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Diffusion of fertility control |
The spread of birth control in an area |
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Disease diffusion |
How disease spreads in a population.
Ex. Hierarchical diffusion spreads from urban to rural areas. Contagious is spread through the density of people. |
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Doubling time |
time it takes for a country to double its population |
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Ecumene |
a term used by geographers to mean inhabited land. It generally refers to land where people have made their permanent home, and to all work areas that are considered occupied and used for agricultural or any other economic purpose. |
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Epidemiological transition model |
distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition; stages 1 and 2 are the stages of pestilence and famine, infectious and parasitic diseases, and accidents and attacks by animals and other humans; stages 3 and 4 are the stages of degenerative and human-created diseases. Stage 5 is the stage of reemergence of infectious and parasitic diseases.
Ex. cardiovascular diseases and cancer |
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Gendered space |
areas or regions designed for men or women. |
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Infant mortality rate |
The total number of deaths in a year among infants under one year old for every 1000 live births in a society. |
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J-curve |
A growth curve that depicts exponential growth |
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Maladaptation |
an adaptation that is less helpful than harmful; It can also signify an adaptation that, whilst reasonable at the time, has become less and less suitable and more of a problem or hindrance in its own right, as time goes on. |
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Thomas Malthus |
A British economist that concluded that the rate of population was growing at a faster rate than agricultural productivity leading to over population. |
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Mortality |
the number of deaths per thousand people |
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S-curve |
A curve that depicts logistic growth |
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Sex ratio |
the proportion of males to females in a population |
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Standard of living |
the quality of life based on the possession of necessities and luxuries that make life easier |
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Sustainability |
The ability to keep in existence or maintain. A sustainable ecosystem is one that can be maintained |
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Underpopulation |
circumstances of too few people to sufficiently develop the resources of a country or region to improve the level of living of its inhabitants. |
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Zero population growth |
When the birth rate equals the death rate |
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Natality |
the number of live births divided by the population
Ex. 2,342 per month/320,000,000 |
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Neo-Malthusian |
generally refers to people with the same basic concerns as Malthus, who advocate population control programs, to ensure resources for current and future populations. |
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Overpopulation |
The number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living.
Ex. A city that can't produce as much food as there are people. |
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Population densities |
A measurement of the number of people per given unit of land.
Ex. 450 people per square mile |
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Population distributions |
how population is spread out in an area
Ex. The more wealthy people in Tallahassee live in the Northeastern side |
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Population explosion |
the rapid growth of the world's human population during the past century
Ex. Baby-boomer generation |
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Population projection |
a statement of a population's future size, age, and sex composition based on the application of stated assumptions to current data
Ex. The world population could exceed 9 Billion by the end of the century. |
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Population Pyramid/ Age-sex pyramid |
A bar graph representing the distribution of population by age and sex.
Ex. Age-sex |
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Rate of natural increase |
birth rate minus the death rate, suggesting the annual rate of population growth without considering net migration |
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Mortality |
the number of deaths per thousand people |
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S-curve |
A curve that depicts logistic growth |
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Sex ratio |
the proportion of males to females in a population |
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Standard of living |
the quality of life based on the possession of necessities and luxuries that make life easier |
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Sustainability |
The ability to keep in existence or maintain. A sustainable ecosystem is one that can be maintained |
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Underpopulation |
circumstances of too few people to sufficiently develop the resources of a country or region to improve the level of living of its inhabitants. |
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Zero population growth |
When the birth rate equals the death rate |
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Natality |
the number of live births divided by the population
Ex. 2,342 per month/320,000,000 |
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Neo-Malthusian |
generally refers to people with the same basic concerns as Malthus, who advocate population control programs, to ensure resources for current and future populations. |
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Overpopulation |
The number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living.
Ex. A city that can't produce as much food as there are people. |
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Population densities |
A measurement of the number of people per given unit of land.
Ex. 450 people per square mile |
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Population distributions |
how population is spread out in an area
Ex. The more wealthy people in Tallahassee live in the Northeastern side |
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Population explosion |
the rapid growth of the world's human population during the past century
Ex. Baby-boomer generation |
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Population projection |
a statement of a population's future size, age, and sex composition based on the application of stated assumptions to current data
Ex. The world population could exceed 9 Billion by the end of the century. |
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Population Pyramid/ Age-sex pyramid |
A bar graph representing the distribution of population by age and sex.
Ex. Age-sex |
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Rate of natural increase |
birth rate minus the death rate, suggesting the annual rate of population growth without considering net migration |