Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Hikikomori |
A culture bound syndrome, most common in adolescent Japanese boys, characterized by self-imposed confinement and withdrawal from all social interaction for aj extended period of time |
|
|
Dhat syndrome |
A culture bound syndrome, most common in south asia, in which men develop morbid anxiety about concerns that they are leaking and losing semen |
|
|
Culture bound syndrome |
A group of psychological symptoms that appear to be greatly influenced by cultural factors, and therefore occur far less often in some cultures than others, or manifest in highly diverse ways across cultures. Aka cultural concept of distress |
|
|
Koro |
A culture bound syndrome, most common in south and east asia, in which men develop morbid anxiety and fear that their penis is retracting into their body |
|
|
Ataques de nervios |
A culture bound syndrome, most common in Puerto ricans, in which emotionally charged incidents cause convulsions, loss of consciousness, heart palpitations, numbness, and a sense of rising heat to the head |
|
|
Amok |
A culture bound syndrome, most common in southeast asia, in which a person has a sudden outburst of unrestrained behaviour or violence, followed by exhaustion and amnesia |
|
|
Frigophobia |
A culture bound syndrome, most common in china, characterized by a morbid fear of getting cold, leading people to dress themselves in heavy coats and scarves even in summer |
|
|
Susto |
A culture bound syndrome, most common in Latin america, in which a person feels that a frightening experience has dislodged the soul from his or her body, leading to a wide range of physical and psychological symptoms |
|
|
Voodoo death |
A culture bound syndrome, most common in africa, in which a person is convinced he or she has been cursed or has broken a taboo, resulting in a severe level of fear that sometimes leads to death |
|
|
Latah |
A culture bound syndrome, most common in SE asia, in which a person falls into a transient dissociated state following a startling event; characterised by various kinds of unusual behaviours |
|
|
Malgri |
A culture bound syndrome of territorial anxiety, most common in Australian aborigines; a person grows physically sick and drowsy when entering the sea or a new territory without engaging in the appropriate ceremonial procedures |
|
|
Agonias |
A culture bound syndrome and anxiety disorder, most common in Portugal andnthe azores, that can include a wide array of symptoms, such as a burning sensation, loss of breath, hysterical blindness, sleep problems, and eating disorders |
|
|
Kufungisia |
A culture bound syndrome, and an anxiety and physical disorder, most common in Zimbabwe, characterized by panic attacks and irritability caused by mental exhaustion; translated as thinking too much |
|
|
Somatization/Psychologization |
The experiencing of symptoms of an illness primarily physically rather than psychologically |
|
|
SAD |
A fear one is in danger of acting in an inept and unacceptable manner, and that such behaviour will bring disastrous social consequences |
|
|
Taijin Kyoufushou (TKS) |
A disorder similar to SAD involving fear triggered by social situations; it is characterized by physical symptoms, including extensive blushing, body odor, sweating, and a penetrative gaze |
|
|
Cultural competence |
The ability of psychotherapists to recognize their own cultural influences, have knowledge about the cultural background of their clients, and apply skills to intervene in therapy sessions in relevant and culturally sensitive ways |
|
|
Cultural competence |
The ability of psychotherapists to recognize their own cultural influences, have knowledge about the cultural background of their clients, and apply skills to intervene in therapy sessions in relevant and culturally sensitive ways |
|
|
Acculturation |
The process of adapting to, learning, or borrowing traits from another culture different from one's own original culture. |
|
|
Heritage culture |
A culture identified as a person's culture of origin |
|
|
Host culture |
A culture identified as the new culture to which a person moves from an original culture |
|
|
Migrant |
A person who moves from a heritage culture (the original culture) to a host culture (the new culture), either temporarily or permanently |
|
|
Sojourner |
A person who moves to a new culture and intends to stay ojly temporarily |
|
|
Immigrant |
A person who moves to a new culture and intends to stay permanently |
|
|
Culture shock |
The feeling of being anxious, helpless, irritable, and generally disoriented and homesick due to moving to a new culture |
|
|
Cultural distance |
The difference between two cultures in their overall ways of life; a factor in the acculturation process |
|
|
Cultural fit |
The degree to which an individual's personality is compatible with the host cultures dominant cultural values; a factor in the acculturation process |
|
|
Integration strategy |
An acculturation strategy that involves efforts to fit in and fully participate in the host culture, while at the same time striving to maintain the traditions of the heritage culture |
|
|
Marginalization strategy |
An acculturation strategy that involves little or no effort to participate in the host culture or to maintain the traditions of the heritage culture. |
|
|
Assimilation strategy |
An acculturation strategy that involves efforts to fit in and fully participate in the host culture, while making little or no effort to maintain the traditions of the heritage culture. |
|
|
Separation strategy |
- An acculturation strategy - maintain traditions of heritage culture - little or no effort to participate in the host culture. |
|
|
Immigrant paradox |
A pattern in which the children of immigrants are worse off than their parents in terms if health ajd educational achievement, even though the children are more acculturated |
|
|
Identity denial |
The questioning of people's cultural identity because they are not recognized as matching the prototype of the cultural group to which they belong |
|
|
Stereotype threat |
The fear of behaving in a way that will inadvertently confirm a negative stereotype about one's group |
|
|
Blending |
The tendency for biocultural people to show psychological characteristics in between those of two culture |
|
|
Frame switching |
Referring to multicultural people, alternating between different cultural selves |
|
|
Bicultural identity integration |
The extent to which a bicultural person's two cultural identities are compatible or in opposition to each other |
|
|
Third culture kid (TCK) |
People who travel with their expatriate parents and spend large amounts of their formative years living in places outside their heritage culture |
|
|
Integrative complexity |
A willingness and ability to acknowledge and consider different viewpoints on the same issue |
|
|
Moral relativism |
The belief that what is morally right or wrong is not absolute, but depends upon different cultural factors. |
|
|
Subordination |
Attitude towards in/out group members Showing deference to interaction partner, not asserting oneself over interaction partner, entailing cooperation. |
|
|
Superordination |
Attitude towards in/out group members. Asserting oneself over interaction partner, demonstrating superiority |
|
|
Dissociation |
Attitude towards in/out group members Engaging in behaviour that repels interaction partner (e.g. Avoiding the other person, being rude, stealing resources from other people). |
|
|
Personalised trust |
Trust given to someone bc partner is connected (in)directly to you More common in interdependent self construal |
|
|
Depersonalised trust |
Trust given to someone bc partner shares group membership with you More common in independent self construal |
|
|
Group level acculturative outcomes |
Destructive Reactive Creative |
|
|
Destructive acculturation |
Loss of culture through absorption or elimination due to continuous contact with another cultural group |
|
|
Reactive acculturation |
Groups re-establish their original cultures by revitalizing or reaffirming them |
|
|
4 basic elements of sociality that are bases for relationships |
Communal sharing Equality matching Authority ranking Market pricing |
|
|
Consubstantial assimilation |
The strongest groups High level of compassion View e/o as sharing biology An attack on one is an attack on all. |
|
|
Communal sharing |
A type of group/relationship Common identity based on something meaningful |
|
|
Authority ranking |
Hierarchical ordering of members, leading to asymmetrical relationships Status differentiation |
|
|
Equality matching |
Relationships based on reciprocity and balance Contributions are tracked, and turn taking to ensure equality matching. |
|
|
Market pricing |
Emphasizes balance and reciprocity through monitoring Does not entail turn taking, but relies on arbitrary symbols |
|
|
Chaebol |
South korean form of business organizations One family controls a collection of businesses Chairmen and executives Superiors act fatherly Close relationships outside of work |
|
|
Simpatía |
Approach to social interactions in Latin America High social harmony High interpersonal attention Allows for smoother social interactions Workers pay more attention to emotional states of coworkers, more cooperation than asian chaebol. Bosses pay more attention to goals and aspirations than chaebol |
|
|
Propinquity effect |
A socially oriented predictor of attraction It is the tendency to form interpersonal relationships with those we encounter more often. It occurs due to the mere exposure effect. Works best for people who had lightly negative, neutral, or positive first impressions. |
|
|
Similarity attraction effect |
Tendency to become attracted to others if they share many similarities with us Similarity more important for bigger issues Associated with independent self construal |
|
|
Evolutionist approach to morality |
Human traits all follow a progressing developmental trajectory Later stages are deemed more advanced and better |
|
|
Relativist approach to morality |
Perspective that the development of a trait depends on local (cultural) demands, therefore outcomes are cultural solutions. No trajectory, no hierarchy |
|
|
Preconventional moral reasoning |
Moral reasoning in which rightness is determined by the physical or hedonistic consequences if a behaviour or action. |
|
|
Conventional moral reasoning |
Moral reasoning in which rightness is determined by whether an individual behaviour or action fits with the groups rules, laws, or conventions. |
|
|
Postconventional moral reasoning |
Moral reasoning in which rightness is determined by whether a behaviour or action meets abstract ethical principles of justice ajd individual rights |
|
|
Ethic of autonomy |
A system of values that views morality in terms of individual freedoms and rights violations, with an emphasis on personal choice, the right to engage in free contracts, and individual liberty. |
|
|
Ethic of community |
A system of values emphasizing that people have duties and obligations pertaining to their roles in a community or social hierarchy |
|
|
Ethic of divinity |
A system of values emphasizing sanctity and the perceived natural order of things |
