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77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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49. T F
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom determines its atomic mass. |
F
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50. T F
The positively charged electrons are found in shells outside the nucleus of an atom. |
False
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52. T or F
Two shared pair of electrons represent a single covalent bond. |
False
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53. T or F
The digestion of food is an example of a decomposition reaction. |
True
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54. T or F
The number and arrangement of electrons orbiting in an aton's outer shell determine its chemical activity. |
True
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55. T or F
An atom is chemically inert if its outermost shell has 2 pairs of electrons. |
False
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56. T or F
An isotope of an element contains the same number of neutrons, but different numbers of protons. |
False
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58. T or F
Radiation results from the breaking apart of the nucleus of an atom. |
True
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59. T or F
Radioactivity can cause the atom of one element to change to that of another element. |
True
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60. T or F
Ionizing radiation can be cancer producing. |
True
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61. T or F
A covalent bond is one in which electrons are either gained or given away. |
False
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62. T or F
Chemical reactions result in changes in the nucleus of atoms. |
False
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64. T or F
Substances that resist changes in pH when acids or bases are added is called a buffer. |
True
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65. T or F
The chemical reaction of an acid with a base always produces a salt and water. |
True
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66. T or F
Water is the universal solvent. |
True
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67. T or F
Electrolytes include acids, bases and salts. |
True
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68. T or F
All inorganic substances are free of carbon. |
False
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111. Large group of inorganic compounds, including acids, bases, and salts.
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electrolyte
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69. T or F
Electrolytes are characterized by having either a positive or a negative charge. |
True
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70. T or F
Sodium is an ion with a negative charge. |
False
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71. T or F
Acids are electrolytes that produce OH ions. |
False
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72. T or F
pH stands for the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. |
True
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73. T or F
The chemical reation of a acid with a base always produces a salt and water. |
True
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74. T or F
Maltose is a monosaccharide. |
False
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75. T or F
Proteins are the most abundant of the carbon containing compounds in the body. |
True
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76. T or F
Galactose is the major monosaccharide used by the body. |
False
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77. T or F
Glycogen and starach are both examples of polysaccharides. |
True
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78. T or F
There are a total of 20 essential amino acids. |
False
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79. T or F
"Chemical catalysts" is another name for enxymes. |
True
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80. T or F
Enzymes are made up of polysaccharides. |
False
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82. T or F
Steroids are often called "tissue hormones". |
False
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83. T or F
DNA molecules are the largest molecules in the body. |
True
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84. T or F
Adenine and thymine are refered to as purine bases which are important constituents of a DNA molecule. |
False
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85. T or F
Energy released from the food we eat is used directly by cells to do the body's work. |
False
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88. T or F
Sucrose is the most important simple sugar (monosaccharide). |
False
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89. T or F
The ability of proteins to perform their function depends on their shape. |
True
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104. Atoms of the same element but with different atomic weights because their nuclei contain different numbers of neutrons.
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isotopes
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105. Adenine-thymine and guanine-cytosine are examples of _____ ______ present in DNA.
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base pair
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107. The number of protons in an atom's nucleus.
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atomic number
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108. Protein molecules are chain like ______, giant molecules of highly arranged, multiple building blocks.
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polymers
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109. Components of DNA and RNA that are composed of a sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group.
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nucleotide
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110. Chemical property that allows water to act as an effective solvent.
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polarity
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34. The simple sugars that are the building blocks for other carbohydrates are:
a. disaccharides b. monosaccharides c. polysaccharides |
b. monosaccharides
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35. The element that is present in all proteins but not in carbohydrates is:
a. carbon b. hydrogen c. oxygen d. nitrogen |
d. nitrogen
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36. The formation of sucrose involves the removal of a molecule of water. This is called:
a. hydrolysis b. oxidation c. decomposition d. dehydration synthesis |
d. dehydration synthesis
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38. The basic building blocks of fats are:
a. monosaccharides b. diaccharides c. amino acids d. fatty acids and glycerol |
d. fatty acids and glycerol
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39. A structural lipid found in the cell membrane is a:
a. triglyceride b. phospholipid c. steroid d. prostaglandin |
b. phospholipid
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40. DNA:
a. is a single strand of nucleotides b. contains the sugar ribose c. is the heredity molecule d. transports amino acids during protein synthesis |
d. transports amino acids during protein synthesis
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42. The bonds that exist between phosphate groups of the ATP molecule are:
a. hydrogen bonds b. high energy bonds c. covalent bonds d. ionic bonds |
b. high energy bonds
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43. The body's most concentrated source of energy is:
a. triglycerides b. proteins c. monosaccharides d. amino acids |
a. triglycerides
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45. A structural lipid found in the cell membrane is a:
a. triglyceride b. phospholipid c. steroid d. prostaglandin |
b. phospholipid
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6. The atomic number of carbon is 6. How many unpaired electrons are in its outer shell?
a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5 |
c. 4
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47. Which of the following is not one of the three major ingredients of a DNA molecule?
a. sugar b. nitrogenous bases c. phosphate d. lipid |
d. lipid
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12. An example of an element would be:
a. Ne b. CO2 c. C6H12O6 d. H2O all numbers are subscript-no feature for |
a. Ne (Neon)
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13. An isotope of an element contains a different number of _______ than other atoms of the same element.
a. electrons b. protons c. neutrons d. protons and neutrons |
c. neutrons
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14. Which of the following elements is stable?
a. hydrogen b. helium c. oxygen d. carbon |
b. helium
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16. Which of the following bonds are the weakest?
a. ionic bonds b. hydrogen bonds c. electrovalent bonds d. covalent bonds |
b. hydrogen bonds
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17. The type of reaction in which substances are combined to form more complex substances is called a(n):
a. reversible reaction b. exchange reaction c. synthesis reaction d. decomposition reaction |
c. synthesis reaction
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18. The process of the digestion of food is an example of this type of reaction:
a. synthesis b. decompositon c. exchange d. reversible |
b. decomposition
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19. Substances that accept hydrogen ions are called:
a. acids b. bases c. buffers d. salts |
b. bases
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20. Acids:
a. are proton donors b. taste sour c. release hydrogen ions in a aqueous solution d. all of the above |
d. all of the above
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21. A solution that contains a greater concentration of hydroxide ions(OH-) than hydrogen (H+) ions is a(n):
a. acidic solution b. alkaline (basic) solution c. neutral solution |
b. alkaline (basic) solution
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23. The most abundant and important compound in the body is:
a. air b. water c. proteins d. nucleic acids |
b. water
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24. Approximately what percentage of body weight is water?
a. 40% b. 50% c. 60% d. 70% |
d. 70%
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26. Which of the following represent(s) properties of water?
a. cohesion b. high heat of vaportization c. strong polarity d. all of the above |
d. all of the above
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29. Which of the following is not one of the major groups of organic substances in the human body?
a. proteins b. salts c. lipids d. nucleic acids |
b. salts
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31. Peptide bonds join together molecules of:
a. glycerol b. glucose c. amino acids d. water |
c. amino acids
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2. All of the following represent major elements in the body except:
a. sulfur b. chlorine c. iron d. phosphorus |
c. iron
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3. The kind of element is determined by the number of:
a. protons b. neutrons c. mesotrons d. electrons |
a. protons
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4. Atomic weight is determined by the number of:
a. protons and electrons b. neutrons and electrons c. neutrons, protons and electrons d. protons and neutrons |
d. protons and neutrons
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5. Carbon has an atomic number of 6. The number of electrons found in the first shell is:
a. 2 b. 4 c. 6 d. 8 |
a. 2
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1. A positively charged subatomic particle is a(n):
a. proton b. neutron c. mesotron d. electron |
a. proton
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7. Matter is any substance that has mass and occupies:
A. time b. distance c. space d. gravity |
c. space
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8. A negatively charged subatomic particle that moves around the nucleus is a(n):
a. orbital b. proton c. neutron d. electron |
d. electron
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9. The atomic number directly indicates the number of:
a. protons b. neutrons c. electrons d. neutrinos |
a. protons
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10. When atoms combine, they may gain or lose:
a. electrons b. protons c. neutrons d. nuclei |
a. electrons
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11. An ionic bond is formed by:
a. two or more positive ions combining b. two or more negative ions combining c. a positive and a negative ion attracting each other d. sharing of a pair of electrons |
c. a positive and a negative ion attracting each other
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