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68 Cards in this Set
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- Back
S. Enterotoxicosis causative bacteria |
S. Aureus |
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S. Enterotoxicosis symptoms |
Gastrointestinal upset, vomiting |
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S. Enterotoxicosis methodology |
Binds to host receptor cells |
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S. Enterotoxicosis transmission |
People are carriers contaminate foods, like potato salad |
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S. Enterotoxicosis treatment/prevention |
It's self-limiting, symptoms resolve on their own after 24hrs Maintain food at proper temperatures and keep good kitchen hygiene |
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Botulism causative bacteria |
Clostridium botulinum |
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Botulism symptoms |
Flaccid paralysis, death by cardiac and pulmonary failure |
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Botulism methodology |
Toxin will bind to nerve endings and block the release of acetylcholine |
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Botulism transmission |
Home canning, where food isn't heated up prior to consumption |
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Botulism treatment /prevention |
Supportive therapy to allow nerve endings to regenerate Cook foods in a pressure cooker and never eat from damaged cans |
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Heliobacter causative bacteria |
Heliobacter pylori |
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Heliobacter symptoms |
Peptic ulcers, nausea, abdominal pain increase on an empty stomach, burping |
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Heliobacter methodology |
Destroys the mucosal surface of the stomach and its cells |
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Heliobacter transmission |
Unknown, although maybe direct transmission of saliva |
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Heliobacter treatment /prevention |
Antimicrobial therapy and acid blockers No effective method of prevention |
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Salmonellosis causative bacteria |
Salmonella enterica enteritidis |
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Salmonella symptoms |
Mild diarrhea, fever, nausea, abdominal cramps |
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Salmonella methodology |
Binds to M cells and enters them to get to the blood and then colonize in the liver and spleen |
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Salmonella transmission |
From contaminated meats, cross contamination, pets, fruits or vegetables |
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Salmonella treatment /prevention |
Oral or IV rehydration Fully cook your meat, wash hands often, prevent cross contamination |
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Typhoid fever causative bacteria |
S. Typhi |
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Typhoid fever symptoms |
Poor appetite, high fever, headaches, lethargy, persistent diarrhea |
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Typhoid fever methodology |
Spreads by shedding over long periods of time |
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Typhoid fever transmission |
Shedding the organism into food or drink |
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Typhoid fever treatment /prevention |
Cephalosporin for several weeks Good hygiene, getting tested, avoiding sick individuals |
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Cholera causative bacteria |
Vibrio cholera |
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Cholera symptoms |
Dry mucous membrane, low blood pressure, muscle cramps, death |
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Cholera methodology |
In the small intestine they secrete cholera toxin, which bind and enter host cells and force chloride ions out if the cell, flooding the intestine with water |
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Cholera transmission |
Contaminated water supply |
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Cholera treatment /prevention |
Replacement of fluids Boil or disinfect water and cook foods that are potentially contaminated |
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E coli causative bacteria |
ETEC EPEC EHEC |
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Hemolytic uremic syndrome causative bacteria |
EHEC |
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HUS methodology |
Toxin is absorbed into the blood and attacks the kidneys |
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HUS symptoms |
Renal failure and death |
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HUS treatment/prevention |
Antibiotics, blood transfusions, dialysis, low protein diet Cook raw meat, wash hands, wash fruit and veggies, avoid unpasteurized milk |
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HUS transmission |
Get it from EHEC |
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Campylobacter gastroenteritis causative bacteria |
C. jejuni |
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Campylobacter methodology |
Infects macrophages and goes to other areas of the body |
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Campylobacter symptoms |
temporary bilateral paralysis, severe abdominal cramping, dysentery like symptoms |
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Campylobacter transmission |
Primarily lives in chickens, food borne illness |
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Campylobacter treatment /prevention |
Self limiting, antibiotics can be administered |
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C. Difficile symptoms |
toxic megacolon, colon rupture, horrible smell, swollen abdomen |
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C. Difficile methodology |
Produces Cytotoxin, CDT, and kills cells for new areas to colonize |
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C. Difficile transmission |
Spores usually from a medical setting |
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C. Difficile treatment /prevention |
Remove patient from the first antibiotic and put them on one that targets the organism, fecal transplant
Don't overuse antibiotics, isolate patients |
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Hepatitis A |
F: Picornaviridae S: malaise fever, chills, aches M: Divides in intestinal lining, disseminates into liver T: Fecal contaminated food/water T/P: No treatment, vaccine ***children tend to be asymptomatic |
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Norovirus |
S: abdominal cramps, children vomit, adults diarrhea T: Fecal-oral contamination T/P: oral rehydration |
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EBV |
F: herpresviridae S: 5 and under no symptoms, everyone else gets sore throat, enlarged Lymph nodes, extreme lethargy M: infects oropharynx and spreads to B cells and then Lymph nodes T: kissing, sharing saliva T/P: monospot slide test, rest and fluids |
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CMV |
F: herpresviridae S: fever, malaise, mental defects in fetuses, serious complications in AIDS patients like retinitis M: point of contact, then disseminates into the body T: highly infective through bodily fluids T/P: No treatment, HART for AIDS patients |
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Hepatitis B |
F: hepadnaviridae S: some asymptomatic, others fever, malaise, dark urine, jaundice M: virus goes to the liver T: nonsterile needles, dental equipment, bodily fluids T/P: interferon a, vaccine |
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Hepatitis C |
F: flaviviradae S: few, mild symptoms except some get devastating chronic liver infection T: blood transfusions T/P: interferon a, boceprevir, EPCLUSA, no vaccine |
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Enterohemorrhagic E coli symptoms |
Bloody diarrhea |
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Enterohemorrhagic E coli methodology |
Toxin binds to intestinal mucosa and causes lining to slough off |
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Enterohemorrhagic E coli transmission |
Contaminated leafy greens |
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Enterohemorrhagic E coli treatment/prevention |
Supportive therapy |
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Enteropathogenic E coli symptoms |
Profuse watery diarrhea |
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Enteropathogenic E coli methodology |
Bind to host intestinal cells and disrupt tight junctions causing fluid influx |
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Enteropathogenic E coli transmission |
Fecal-oral contamination of food and drink |
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Enteropathogenic E coli treatment |
Fluid replacement |
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Enterotoxigenic E coli symptoms |
Low fever, vomiting, travelers diarrhea |
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Enterotoxigenic E coli methodology |
Heat stable and heat labile toxins infect epithelial cells and bind to but don't enter intestinal cells |
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Enterotoxigenic E coli transmission |
Oral-fecal contamination of food and drink |
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Enterotoxigenic E coli treatment /prevention |
Supportive therapy Avoid under/uncooked foods |
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Rotavirus type and family |
dsRNA, reoviridae |
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Rotavirus symptoms |
Fever, diarrhea, vomiting |
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Rotavirus methodology |
Kids under 5 |
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Rotavirus transmission |
Fecal-oral contamination |
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Rotavirus treatment /prevention |
Supportive therapy, vaccine |