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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How does high blood pressure increase risk of CVD? |
Increases the likelihood of damage to artery walls that leads to atheromas and blood clots . |
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What is another term for high blood pressure? |
Hypertension |
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What can cause high blood pressure? |
• Alcohol • Stress • Smoking • Inactivity • Diet |
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How does inactivity increase the risk of CVD? |
Increases blood pressure |
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What diets can increase risk of CVD? |
• High in salt - increases blood pressure • High in saturated fat - increases blood cholesterol, increasing atherosclerosis. |
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Why do atheromas lead to increases risk of CVD? |
• High blood pressure • heart attack • deep vein thrombosis (DVT) |
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How does age affect risk of CVD? |
Plaque can build up in arteries over time meaning that risk increases with age. |
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How might genetics affect risk of CVD? |
Some people inherit alleles that make them more likely to have high blood pressure or high blood cholesterol that makes them more likely to develop CVD. |
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What is blood pressure? |
The measure of hydrostatic force of the blood against the walls of a blood vessel. |
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Why are men more likely to develop CVD. |
Low levels of oestrogen, that increases levels of good cholesterol, means that total blood cholesterol is higher in men. |
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How does nicotine in cigarette smoke increase CVD risk? |
• Increases blood pressure • Makes platelets more sticky - leads to blood clots |
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How can carbon monoxide in cigarette smoke lead to stroke and heart attack? |
• Combines with haemoglobin, that's supposed to carry oxygen, so that the amount of oxygen transported in the blood is reduced. • This reduces the amount of oxygen available to vital tissues like in the heart and brain. |
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Smoking decreases levels of antioxidants in the blood, How might this lead to increases CVD risk? |
• Antioxidants protect cells from damage meaning damage is more likely if there are less antioxidants, this means that atheromas are more likely to form in blood vessels. |